神经隐式功能的最新发展已在高质量的3D形状重建方面表现出巨大的成功。但是，大多数作品将空间分为形状的内部和外部，从而将其代表力量限制为单层和水密形状。这种局限性导致乏味的数据处理（将非紧密的原始数据转换为水密度），以及代表现实世界中一般对象形状的无能。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种新颖的方法来表示一般形状，包括具有多层表面的非水平形状和形状。我们介绍了3D形状（GIF）的一般隐式函数，该功能建模了每两个点之间的关系，而不是点和表面之间的关系。 GIF没有将3D空间分为预定义的内部区域，而是编码是否将两个点分开。 Shapenet上的实验表明，在重建质量，渲染效率和视觉保真度方面，GIF的表现优于先前的最先进方法。项目页面可从https://jianglongye.com/gifs获得。

The recent neural implicit representation-based methods have greatly advanced the state of the art for solving the long-standing and challenging problem of reconstructing a discrete surface from a sparse point cloud. These methods generally learn either a binary occupancy or signed/unsigned distance field (SDF/UDF) as surface representation. However, all the existing SDF/UDF-based methods use neural networks to implicitly regress the distance in a purely data-driven manner, thus limiting the accuracy and generalizability to some extent. In contrast, we propose the first geometry-guided method for UDF and its gradient estimation that explicitly formulates the unsigned distance of a query point as the learnable affine averaging of its distances to the tangent planes of neighbouring points. Besides, we model the local geometric structure of the input point clouds by explicitly learning a quadratic polynomial for each point. This not only facilitates upsampling the input sparse point cloud but also naturally induces unoriented normal, which further augments UDF estimation. Finally, to extract triangle meshes from the predicted UDF we propose a customized edge-based marching cube module. We conduct extensive experiments and ablation studies to demonstrate the significant advantages of our method over state-of-the-art methods in terms of reconstruction accuracy, efficiency, and generalizability. The source code is publicly available at https://github.com/rsy6318/GeoUDF.

With the advent of deep neural networks, learning-based approaches for 3D reconstruction have gained popularity. However, unlike for images, in 3D there is no canonical representation which is both computationally and memory efficient yet allows for representing high-resolution geometry of arbitrary topology. Many of the state-of-the-art learningbased 3D reconstruction approaches can hence only represent very coarse 3D geometry or are limited to a restricted domain. In this paper, we propose Occupancy Networks, a new representation for learning-based 3D reconstruction methods. Occupancy networks implicitly represent the 3D surface as the continuous decision boundary of a deep neural network classifier. In contrast to existing approaches, our representation encodes a description of the 3D output at infinite resolution without excessive memory footprint. We validate that our representation can efficiently encode 3D structure and can be inferred from various kinds of input. Our experiments demonstrate competitive results, both qualitatively and quantitatively, for the challenging tasks of 3D reconstruction from single images, noisy point clouds and coarse discrete voxel grids. We believe that occupancy networks will become a useful tool in a wide variety of learning-based 3D tasks.

最近对隐含形状表示的兴趣日益增长。与明确的陈述相反，他们没有解决局限性，他们很容易处理各种各样的表面拓扑。为了了解这些隐式表示，电流方法依赖于一定程度的形状监督（例如，内部/外部信息或距离形状知识），或者至少需要密集点云（以近似距离 - 到 - 到 - 形状）。相比之下，我们介绍{\方法}，一种用于学习形状表示的自我监督方法，从可能极其稀疏的点云。就像在水牛的针问题一样，我们在点云上“掉落”（样本）针头，认为，静统计地靠近表面，针端点位于表面的相对侧。不需要形状知识，点云可以高稀疏，例如，作为车辆获取的Lidar点云。以前的自我监督形状表示方法未能在这种数据上产生良好的结果。我们获得定量结果与现有的形状重建数据集上现有的监督方法标准，并在Kitti等硬自动驾驶数据集中显示有前途的定性结果。

近年来，由于其表达力和灵活性，神经隐式表示在3D重建中获得了普及。然而，神经隐式表示的隐式性质导致缓慢的推理时间并且需要仔细初始化。在本文中，我们重新审视经典且无处不在的点云表示，并使用泊松表面重建（PSR）的可分辨率配方引入可分化的点对网格层，其允许给予定向的GPU加速的指示灯的快速解决方案点云。可微分的PSR层允许我们通过隐式指示器字段有效地和分散地桥接与3D网格的显式3D点表示，从而实现诸如倒角距离的表面重建度量的端到端优化。因此，点和网格之间的这种二元性允许我们以面向点云表示形状，这是显式，轻量级和富有表现力的。与神经内隐式表示相比，我们的形状 - 点（SAP）模型更具可解释，轻量级，并通过一个级别加速推理时间。与其他显式表示相比，如点，补丁和网格，SA​​P产生拓扑无关的水密歧管表面。我们展示了SAP对无知点云和基于学习的重建的表面重建任务的有效性。

我们介绍DMTET，深度3D条件生成模型，可以使用诸如粗体素的简单用户指南来合成高分辨率3D形状。它通过利用新型混合3D表示来结婚隐式和显式3D表示的优点。与当前隐含的方法相比，培训涉及符号距离值，DMTET直接针对重建的表面进行了优化，这使我们能够用更少的伪像来合成更精细的几何细节。与直接生成诸如网格之类的显式表示的深度3D生成模型不同，我们的模型可以合成具有任意拓扑的形状。 DMTET的核心包括可变形的四面体网格，其编码离散的符号距离函数和可分行的行进Tetrahedra层，其将隐式符号距离表示转换为显式谱图表示。这种组合允许使用在表面网格上明确定义的重建和对抗性损耗来联合优化表面几何形状和拓扑以及生成细分层次结构。我们的方法显着优于来自粗体素输入的条件形状合成的现有工作，培训在复杂的3D动物形状的数据集上。项目页面：https://nv-tlabs.github.io/dmtet/

Training parts from ShapeNet. (b) t-SNE plot of part embeddings. (c) Reconstructing entire scenes with Local Implicit Grids Figure 1:We learn an embedding of parts from objects in ShapeNet [3] using a part autoencoder with an implicit decoder. We show that this representation of parts is generalizable across object categories, and easily scalable to large scenes. By localizing implicit functions in a grid, we are able to reconstruct entire scenes from points via optimization of the latent grid.

在视觉计算中，3D几何形状以许多不同的形式表示，包括网格，点云，体素电网，水平集和深度图像。每个表示都适用于不同的任务，从而使一个表示形式转换为另一个表示（前向地图）是一个重要且常见的问题。我们提出了全向距离字段（ODF），这是一种新的3D形状表示形式，该表示通过将深度从任何观看方向从任何3D位置存储到对象的表面来编码几何形状。由于射线是ODF的基本单元，因此可以轻松地从通用的3D表示和点云等常见的3D表示。与限制代表封闭表面的水平集方法不同，ODF是未签名的，因此可以对开放表面进行建模（例如服装）。我们证明，尽管在遮挡边界处存在固有的不连续性，但可以通过神经网络（Neururodf）有效地学习ODF。我们还引入了有效的前向映射算法，以转换odf to＆从常见的3D表示。具体而言，我们引入了一种有效的跳跃立方体算法，用于从ODF生成网格。实验表明，神经模型可以通过过度拟合单个对象学会学会捕获高质量的形状，并学会概括对共同的形状类别。

Implicit fields have been very effective to represent and learn 3D shapes accurately. Signed distance fields and occupancy fields are the preferred representations, both with well-studied properties, despite their restriction to closed surfaces. Several other variations and training principles have been proposed with the goal to represent all classes of shapes. In this paper, we develop a novel and yet fundamental representation by considering the unit vector field defined on 3D space: at each point in $\mathbb{R}^3$ the vector points to the closest point on the surface. We theoretically demonstrate that this vector field can be easily transformed to surface density by applying the vector field divergence. Unlike other standard representations, it directly encodes an important physical property of the surface, which is the surface normal. We further show the advantages of our vector field representation, specifically in learning general (open, closed, or multi-layered) surfaces as well as piecewise planar surfaces. We compare our method on several datasets including ShapeNet where the proposed new neural implicit field shows superior accuracy in representing any type of shape, outperforming other standard methods. The code will be released at https://github.com/edomel/ImplicitVF

从单视图重建3D形状是一个长期的研究问题。在本文中，我们展示了深度隐式地面网络，其可以通过预测底层符号距离场来从2D图像产生高质量的细节的3D网格。除了利用全局图像特征之外，禁止2D图像上的每个3D点的投影位置，并从图像特征映射中提取本地特征。结合全球和局部特征显着提高了符合距离场预测的准确性，特别是对于富含细节的区域。据我们所知，伪装是一种不断捕获从单视图图像中存在于3D形状中存在的孔和薄结构等细节的方法。 Disn在从合成和真实图像重建的各种形状类别上实现最先进的单视性重建性能。代码可在https://github.com/xharlie/disn提供补充可以在https://xharlie.github.io/images/neUrips_2019_Supp.pdf中找到补充

Figure 1: DeepSDF represents signed distance functions (SDFs) of shapes via latent code-conditioned feed-forward decoder networks. Above images are raycast renderings of DeepSDF interpolating between two shapes in the learned shape latent space. Best viewed digitally.

This work introduces alternating latent topologies (ALTO) for high-fidelity reconstruction of implicit 3D surfaces from noisy point clouds. Previous work identifies that the spatial arrangement of latent encodings is important to recover detail. One school of thought is to encode a latent vector for each point (point latents). Another school of thought is to project point latents into a grid (grid latents) which could be a voxel grid or triplane grid. Each school of thought has tradeoffs. Grid latents are coarse and lose high-frequency detail. In contrast, point latents preserve detail. However, point latents are more difficult to decode into a surface, and quality and runtime suffer. In this paper, we propose ALTO to sequentially alternate between geometric representations, before converging to an easy-to-decode latent. We find that this preserves spatial expressiveness and makes decoding lightweight. We validate ALTO on implicit 3D recovery and observe not only a performance improvement over the state-of-the-art, but a runtime improvement of 3-10$\times$. Project website at https://visual.ee.ucla.edu/alto.htm/.

Intelligent mesh generation (IMG) refers to a technique to generate mesh by machine learning, which is a relatively new and promising research field. Within its short life span, IMG has greatly expanded the generalizability and practicality of mesh generation techniques and brought many breakthroughs and potential possibilities for mesh generation. However, there is a lack of surveys focusing on IMG methods covering recent works. In this paper, we are committed to a systematic and comprehensive survey describing the contemporary IMG landscape. Focusing on 110 preliminary IMG methods, we conducted an in-depth analysis and evaluation from multiple perspectives, including the core technique and application scope of the algorithm, agent learning goals, data types, targeting challenges, advantages and limitations. With the aim of literature collection and classification based on content extraction, we propose three different taxonomies from three views of key technique, output mesh unit element, and applicable input data types. Finally, we highlight some promising future research directions and challenges in IMG. To maximize the convenience of readers, a project page of IMG is provided at \url{https://github.com/xzb030/IMG_Survey}.

本地化隐式功能的最新进展使神经隐式表示能够可扩展到大型场景。然而，这些方法采用的3D空间的定期细分未能考虑到表面占用的稀疏性和几何细节的变化粒度。结果，其内存占地面积与输入体积均别较大，即使在适度密集的分解中也导致禁止的计算成本。在这项工作中，我们为3D表面，编码OCTFIELD提供了一种学习的分层隐式表示，允许具有低内存和计算预算的复杂曲面的高精度编码。我们方法的关键是仅在感兴趣的表面周围分发本地隐式功能的3D场景的自适应分解。我们通过引入分层Octree结构来实现这一目标，以根据表面占用和部件几何形状的丰富度自适应地细分3D空间。随着八十六是离散和不可分辨性的，我们进一步提出了一种新颖的等级网络，其模拟八偏细胞的细分作为概率的过程，并以可差的方式递归地编码和解码八叠结构和表面几何形状。我们展示了Octfield的一系列形状建模和重建任务的价值，显示出在替代方法方面的优越性。

Computer graphics, 3D computer vision and robotics communities have produced multiple approaches to represent and generate 3D shapes, as well as a vast number of use cases. However, single-view reconstruction remains a challenging topic that can unlock various interesting use cases such as interactive design. In this work, we propose a novel framework that leverages the intermediate latent spaces of Vision Transformer (ViT) and a joint image-text representational model, CLIP, for fast and efficient Single View Reconstruction (SVR). More specifically, we propose a novel mapping network architecture that learns a mapping between deep features extracted from ViT and CLIP, and the latent space of a base 3D generative model. Unlike previous work, our method enables view-agnostic reconstruction of 3D shapes, even in the presence of large occlusions. We use the ShapeNetV2 dataset and perform extensive experiments with comparisons to SOTA methods to demonstrate our method's effectiveness.

表面重建是3D图形的基本问题。在本文中，我们提出了一种基于学习的基于云层云层的隐式表面重建的方法，没有正常。我们的方法是在潜在的能源理论中受到高斯引理的启发，这为指标功能提供了明确的整体公式。我们设计一个新颖的深神经网络，以执行表面积分，并从未定向和嘈杂的点云学习修改的指示灯。我们连接具有不同尺度的特征，以便准确地对整数的贡献。此外，我们提出了一种新颖的表面元件特征提取器来学习局部形状特性。实验表明，我们的方法从具有不同噪声尺度的点云的点云产生具有高正常一致性的平滑表面，并与当前的数据驱动和非数据驱动的方法相比，实现了最先进的重建性能。

您将如何通过一些错过来修复物理物体？您可能会想象它的原始形状从先前捕获的图像中，首先恢复其整体（全局）但粗大的形状，然后完善其本地细节。我们有动力模仿物理维修程序以解决点云完成。为此，我们提出了一个跨模式的形状转移双转化网络（称为CSDN），这是一种带有全循环参与图像的粗到精细范式，以完成优质的点云完成。 CSDN主要由“ Shape Fusion”和“ Dual-Refinect”模块组成，以应对跨模式挑战。第一个模块将固有的形状特性从单个图像传输，以指导点云缺失区域的几何形状生成，在其中，我们建议iPadain嵌入图像的全局特征和部分点云的完成。第二个模块通过调整生成点的位置来完善粗糙输出，其中本地改进单元通过图卷积利用了小说和输入点之间的几何关系，而全局约束单元则利用输入图像来微调生成的偏移。与大多数现有方法不同，CSDN不仅探讨了图像中的互补信息，而且还可以在整个粗到精细的完成过程中有效利用跨模式数据。实验结果表明，CSDN对十个跨模式基准的竞争对手表现出色。

Figure 1. Given input as either a 2D image or a 3D point cloud (a), we automatically generate a corresponding 3D mesh (b) and its atlas parameterization (c). We can use the recovered mesh and atlas to apply texture to the output shape (d) as well as 3D print the results (e).

We propose an end-to-end deep learning architecture that produces a 3D shape in triangular mesh from a single color image. Limited by the nature of deep neural network, previous methods usually represent a 3D shape in volume or point cloud, and it is non-trivial to convert them to the more ready-to-use mesh model. Unlike the existing methods, our network represents 3D mesh in a graph-based convolutional neural network and produces correct geometry by progressively deforming an ellipsoid, leveraging perceptual features extracted from the input image. We adopt a coarse-to-fine strategy to make the whole deformation procedure stable, and define various of mesh related losses to capture properties of different levels to guarantee visually appealing and physically accurate 3D geometry. Extensive experiments show that our method not only qualitatively produces mesh model with better details, but also achieves higher 3D shape estimation accuracy compared to the state-of-the-art.