Neural Radiance Field (NeRF) is a powerful tool to faithfully generate novel views for scenes with only sparse captured images. Despite its strong capability for representing 3D scenes and their appearance, its editing ability is very limited. In this paper, we propose a simple but effective extension of vanilla NeRF, named PaletteNeRF, to enable efficient color editing on NeRF-represented scenes. Motivated by recent palette-based image decomposition works, we approximate each pixel color as a sum of palette colors modulated by additive weights. Instead of predicting pixel colors as in vanilla NeRFs, our method predicts additive weights. The underlying NeRF backbone could also be replaced with more recent NeRF models such as KiloNeRF to achieve real-time editing. Experimental results demonstrate that our method achieves efficient, view-consistent, and artifact-free color editing on a wide range of NeRF-represented scenes.
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Recent advances in neural radiance fields have enabled the high-fidelity 3D reconstruction of complex scenes for novel view synthesis. However, it remains underexplored how the appearance of such representations can be efficiently edited while maintaining photorealism. In this work, we present PaletteNeRF, a novel method for photorealistic appearance editing of neural radiance fields (NeRF) based on 3D color decomposition. Our method decomposes the appearance of each 3D point into a linear combination of palette-based bases (i.e., 3D segmentations defined by a group of NeRF-type functions) that are shared across the scene. While our palette-based bases are view-independent, we also predict a view-dependent function to capture the color residual (e.g., specular shading). During training, we jointly optimize the basis functions and the color palettes, and we also introduce novel regularizers to encourage the spatial coherence of the decomposition. Our method allows users to efficiently edit the appearance of the 3D scene by modifying the color palettes. We also extend our framework with compressed semantic features for semantic-aware appearance editing. We demonstrate that our technique is superior to baseline methods both quantitatively and qualitatively for appearance editing of complex real-world scenes.
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Photo-realistic free-viewpoint rendering of real-world scenes using classical computer graphics techniques is challenging, because it requires the difficult step of capturing detailed appearance and geometry models. Recent studies have demonstrated promising results by learning scene representations that implicitly encode both geometry and appearance without 3D supervision. However, existing approaches in practice often show blurry renderings caused by the limited network capacity or the difficulty in finding accurate intersections of camera rays with the scene geometry. Synthesizing high-resolution imagery from these representations often requires time-consuming optical ray marching. In this work, we introduce Neural Sparse Voxel Fields (NSVF), a new neural scene representation for fast and high-quality free-viewpoint rendering. NSVF defines a set of voxel-bounded implicit fields organized in a sparse voxel octree to model local properties in each cell. We progressively learn the underlying voxel structures with a diffentiable ray-marching operation from only a set of posed RGB images. With the sparse voxel octree structure, rendering novel views can be accelerated by skipping the voxels containing no relevant scene content. Our method is typically over 10 times faster than the state-of-the-art (namely, NeRF (Mildenhall et al., 2020)) at inference time while achieving higher quality results. Furthermore, by utilizing an explicit sparse voxel representation, our method can easily be applied to scene editing and scene composition. We also demonstrate several challenging tasks, including multi-scene learning, free-viewpoint rendering of a moving human, and large-scale scene rendering. Code and data are available at our website: https://github.com/facebookresearch/NSVF.
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在本文中,我们为复杂场景进行了高效且强大的深度学习解决方案。在我们的方法中,3D场景表示为光场,即,一组光线,每组在到达图像平面时具有相应的颜色。对于高效的新颖视图渲染,我们采用了光场的双面参数化,其中每个光线的特征在于4D参数。然后,我们将光场配向作为4D函数,即将4D坐标映射到相应的颜色值。我们训练一个深度完全连接的网络以优化这种隐式功能并记住3D场景。然后,特定于场景的模型用于综合新颖视图。与以前需要密集的视野的方法不同,需要密集的视野采样来可靠地呈现新颖的视图,我们的方法可以通过采样光线来呈现新颖的视图并直接从网络查询每种光线的颜色,从而使高质量的灯场呈现稀疏集合训练图像。网络可以可选地预测每光深度,从而使诸如自动重新焦点的应用。我们的小说视图合成结果与最先进的综合结果相当,甚至在一些具有折射和反射的具有挑战性的场景中优越。我们在保持交互式帧速率和小的内存占地面积的同时实现这一点。
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本文提出了一个逐步连接的光场网络(Prolif),以构成复杂的前向场景的新观点。扩散编码一个4D光场,该场允许在一个训练步骤中渲染大量射线,以实现图像或贴片级损失。直接从图像中学习神经光场很难呈现多视图一致的图像,因为它对基础3D几何形状的不了解。为了解决这个问题,我们提出了一种渐进培训计划和正则化损失,以推断训练过程中的基础几何形状,这两者都会实现多视图一致性,从而极大地提高了渲染质量。实验表明,与香草神经光场相比,我们的方法能够实现明显更好的渲染质量,并且与挑战性的LLFF数据集和闪亮对象数据集的类似NERF的渲染方法相当。此外,我们证明了与LPIP的损失更好的兼容性,以实现与不同的光条件和剪辑损失的稳健性,以控制场景的渲染方式。项目页面:https://totoro97.github.io/projects/prolif。
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我们呈现高动态范围神经辐射字段(HDR-NERF),以从一组低动态范围(LDR)视图的HDR辐射率字段与不同的曝光。使用HDR-NERF,我们能够在不同的曝光下生成新的HDR视图和新型LDR视图。我们方法的关键是模拟物理成像过程,该过程决定了场景点的辐射与具有两个隐式功能的LDR图像中的像素值转换为:RADIACE字段和音调映射器。辐射场对场景辐射(值在0到+末端之间的值变化),其通过提供相应的射线源和光线方向来输出光线的密度和辐射。 TONE MAPPER模拟映射过程,即在相机传感器上击中的光线变为像素值。通过将辐射和相应的曝光时间送入音调映射器来预测光线的颜色。我们使用经典的卷渲染技术将输出辐射,颜色和密度投影为HDR和LDR图像,同时只使用输入的LDR图像作为监控。我们收集了一个新的前瞻性的HDR数据集,以评估所提出的方法。综合性和现实世界场景的实验结果验证了我们的方法不仅可以准确控制合成视图的曝光,还可以用高动态范围呈现视图。
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神经辐射场(NERF)是一种普遍的视图综合技术,其表示作为连续体积函数的场景,由多层的感知来参数化,其提供每个位置处的体积密度和视图相关的发射辐射。虽然基于NERF的技术在代表精细的几何结构时,具有平稳变化的视图依赖性外观,但它们通常无法精确地捕获和再现光泽表面的外观。我们通过引入Ref-nerf来解决这些限制,该ref-nerf替换了nerf的视图依赖性输出辐射的参数化,使用反射辐射的表示和使用空间不同场景属性的集合来构造该函数的表示。我们展示了与正常载体上的规范器一起,我们的模型显着提高了镜面反射的现实主义和准确性。此外,我们表明我们的模型的外向光线的内部表示是可解释的,可用于场景编辑。
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获取3D对象表示对于创建照片现实的模拟器和为AR/VR应用程序收集资产很重要。神经领域已经显示出其在学习2D图像的场景的连续体积表示方面的有效性,但是从这些模型中获取对象表示,并以较弱的监督仍然是一个开放的挑战。在本文中,我们介绍了Laterf,一种从给定的2D图像和已知相机姿势的2D图像中提取感兴趣对象的方法,对象的自然语言描述以及少数对象和非对象标签 - 输入图像中的对象点。为了忠实地从场景中提取对象,后来在每个3D点上都以其他“对象”概率扩展NERF公式。此外,我们利用预先训练的剪辑模型与我们可区分的对象渲染器相结合的丰富潜在空间来注入对象的封闭部分。我们在合成数据集和真实数据集上展示了高保真对象提取,并通过广泛的消融研究证明我们的设计选择是合理的。
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由于其显着的合成质量,最近,神经辐射场(NERF)最近对3D场景重建和新颖的视图合成进行了相当大的关注。然而,由散焦或运动引起的图像模糊,这通常发生在野外的场景中,显着降低了其重建质量。为了解决这个问题,我们提出了DeBlur-nerf,这是一种可以从模糊输入恢复尖锐的nerf的第一种方法。我们采用逐合成方法来通过模拟模糊过程来重建模糊的视图,从而使NERF对模糊输入的鲁棒。该仿真的核心是一种新型可变形稀疏内核(DSK)模块,其通过在每个空间位置变形规范稀疏内核来模拟空间变形模糊内核。每个内核点的射线起源是共同优化的,受到物理模糊过程的启发。该模块作为MLP参数化,具有能够概括为各种模糊类型。联合优化NERF和DSK模块允许我们恢复尖锐的NERF。我们证明我们的方法可用于相机运动模糊和散焦模糊:真实场景中的两个最常见的模糊。合成和现实世界数据的评估结果表明,我们的方法优于几个基线。合成和真实数据集以及源代码将公开可用于促进未来的研究。
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我们探索了基于神经光场表示的几种新颖观点合成的新策略。给定目标摄像头姿势,隐式神经网络将每个射线映射到其目标像素的颜色。该网络的条件是根据来自显式3D特征量的粗量渲染产生的本地射线特征。该卷是由使用3D Convnet的输入图像构建的。我们的方法在基于最先进的神经辐射场竞争方面,在合成和真实MVS数据上实现了竞争性能,同时提供了100倍的渲染速度。
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新型视图综合的古典光场渲染可以准确地再现视图依赖性效果,例如反射,折射和半透明,但需要一个致密的视图采样的场景。基于几何重建的方法只需要稀疏的视图,但不能准确地模拟非兰伯语的效果。我们介绍了一个模型,它结合了强度并减轻了这两个方向的局限性。通过在光场的四维表示上操作,我们的模型学会准确表示依赖视图效果。通过在训练和推理期间强制执行几何约束,从稀疏的视图集中毫无屏蔽地学习场景几何。具体地,我们介绍了一种基于两级变压器的模型,首先沿着ePipoll线汇总特征,然后沿参考视图聚合特征以产生目标射线的颜色。我们的模型在多个前进和360 {\ DEG}数据集中优于最先进的,具有较大的差别依赖变化的场景更大的边缘。
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神经辐射场(NERFS)表现出惊人的能力,可以从新颖的观点中综合3D场景的图像。但是,他们依赖于基于射线行进的专门体积渲染算法,这些算法与广泛部署的图形硬件的功能不匹配。本文介绍了基于纹理多边形的新的NERF表示形式,该表示可以有效地与标准渲染管道合成新型图像。 NERF表示为一组多边形,其纹理代表二进制不相处和特征向量。用Z-Buffer对多边形的传统渲染产生了每个像素的图像,该图像由在片段着色器中运行的小型,观点依赖的MLP来解释,以产生最终的像素颜色。这种方法使NERF可以使用传统的Polygon栅格化管道渲染,该管道提供了庞大的像素级并行性,从而在包括移动电话在内的各种计算平台上实现了交互式帧速率。
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Volumetric neural rendering methods like NeRF generate high-quality view synthesis results but are optimized per-scene leading to prohibitive reconstruction time. On the other hand, deep multi-view stereo methods can quickly reconstruct scene geometry via direct network inference. Point-NeRF combines the advantages of these two approaches by using neural 3D point clouds, with associated neural features, to model a radiance field. Point-NeRF can be rendered efficiently by aggregating neural point features near scene surfaces, in a ray marching-based rendering pipeline. Moreover, Point-NeRF can be initialized via direct inference of a pre-trained deep network to produce a neural point cloud; this point cloud can be finetuned to surpass the visual quality of NeRF with 30X faster training time. Point-NeRF can be combined with other 3D reconstruction methods and handles the errors and outliers in such methods via a novel pruning and growing mechanism. The experiments on the DTU, the NeRF Synthetics , the ScanNet and the Tanks and Temples datasets demonstrate Point-NeRF can surpass the existing methods and achieve the state-of-the-art results.
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神经辐射场(NERF)在代表3D场景和合成新颖视图中示出了很大的潜力,但是在推理阶段的NERF的计算开销仍然很重。为了减轻负担,我们进入了NERF的粗细分,分层采样过程,并指出粗阶段可以被我们命名神经样本场的轻量级模块代替。所提出的示例场地图光线进入样本分布,可以将其转换为点坐标并进料到radiance字段以进行体积渲染。整体框架被命名为Neusample。我们在现实合成360 $ ^ {\ circ} $和真正的前瞻性,两个流行的3D场景集上进行实验,并表明Neusample在享受更快推理速度时比NERF实现更好的渲染质量。Neusample进一步压缩,以提出的样品场提取方法朝向质量和速度之间的更好的权衡。
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隐式辐射功能作为重建和渲染3D场景的照片真实观点的强大场景表示形式出现。但是,这些表示的编辑性差。另一方面,诸如多边形网格之类的显式表示允许易于编辑,但不适合重建动态的人头中的准确细节,例如精细的面部特征,头发,牙齿,牙齿和眼睛。在这项工作中,我们提出了神经参数化(NEP),这是一种混合表示,提供了隐式和显式方法的优势。 NEP能够进行照片真实的渲染,同时允许对场景的几何形状和外观进行细粒度编辑。我们首先通过将3D几何形状参数化为2D纹理空间来解开几何形状和外观。我们通过引入显式线性变形层来启用几何编辑性。变形由一组稀疏的密钥点控制,可以明确和直观地移位以编辑几何形状。对于外观,我们开发了一个混合2D纹理,该纹理由明确的纹理图组成,以易于编辑和隐式视图以及时间相关的残差,以建模时间和视图变化。我们将我们的方法与几个重建和编辑基线进行比较。结果表明,NEP在保持高编辑性的同时达到了几乎相同的渲染精度。
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Point of View & TimeFigure 1: We propose D-NeRF, a method for synthesizing novel views, at an arbitrary point in time, of dynamic scenes with complex non-rigid geometries. We optimize an underlying deformable volumetric function from a sparse set of input monocular views without the need of ground-truth geometry nor multi-view images. The figure shows two scenes under variable points of view and time instances synthesised by the proposed model.
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我们提出了高动态范围辐射(HDR)字段,HDR-PLENOXELS,它学习了3D HDR辐射场的肺化功能,几何信息和2D低动态范围(LDR)图像中固有的不同摄像机设置。我们基于体素的卷渲染管道可重建HDR辐射字段,仅以端到端的方式从不同的相机设置中拍摄的多视图LDR图像,并且具有快速的收敛速度。为了在现实世界中处理各种摄像机,我们引入了一个音调映射模块,该模块模拟了数字相机内成像管道(ISP)(ISP)和DISTANGLES辐射测定设置。我们的音调映射模块可以通过控制每个新型视图的辐射设置来渲染。最后,我们构建一个具有不同摄像机条件的多视图数据集,适合我们的问题设置。我们的实验表明,HDR-Plenoxels可以从具有各种相机的LDR图像中表达细节和高质量的HDR新型视图。
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神经辐射场(NERF)是数据驱动3D重建中的流行方法。鉴于其简单性和高质量的渲染,正在开发许多NERF应用程序。但是,NERF的大量的速度很大。许多尝试如何加速NERF培训和推理,包括复杂的代码级优化和缓存,使用复杂的数据结构以及通过多任务和元学习的摊销。在这项工作中,我们通过NERF之前通过经典技术镜头重新审视NERF的基本构建块。我们提出了Voxel-Accelated Nerf(VaxnerF),与Visual Hull集成了Nerf,一种经典的3D重建技术,只需要每张图像的二进制前景背景像素标签。可视船体,可在大约10秒内优化,可以提供粗略的现场分离,以省略NERF中的大量网络评估。我们在流行的JAXNERF Codebase提供了一个干净的全力验光,基于JAX的实现,其仅包括大约30行的代码更改和模块化视觉船体子程序,并在高度表现的JAXNERF之上实现了大约2-8倍的速度学习基线具有零劣化呈现质量。具有足够的计算,这有效地将单位训练从小时到30分钟缩小到30分钟。我们希望VAXNERF - 一种仔细组合具有深入方法的经典技术(可谓更换它) - 可以赋予并加速新的NERF扩展和应用,以其简单,可移植性和可靠的性能收益。代码在https://github.com/naruya/vaxnerf提供。
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Figure 1. Given a monocular image sequence, NR-NeRF reconstructs a single canonical neural radiance field to represent geometry and appearance, and a per-time-step deformation field. We can render the scene into a novel spatio-temporal camera trajectory that significantly differs from the input trajectory. NR-NeRF also learns rigidity scores and correspondences without direct supervision on either. We can use the rigidity scores to remove the foreground, we can supersample along the time dimension, and we can exaggerate or dampen motion.
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Neural radiance fields (NeRF) achieve highly photo-realistic novel-view synthesis, but it's a challenging problem to edit the scenes modeled by NeRF-based methods, especially for dynamic scenes. We propose editable neural radiance fields that enable end-users to easily edit dynamic scenes and even support topological changes. Input with an image sequence from a single camera, our network is trained fully automatically and models topologically varying dynamics using our picked-out surface key points. Then end-users can edit the scene by easily dragging the key points to desired new positions. To achieve this, we propose a scene analysis method to detect and initialize key points by considering the dynamics in the scene, and a weighted key points strategy to model topologically varying dynamics by joint key points and weights optimization. Our method supports intuitive multi-dimensional (up to 3D) editing and can generate novel scenes that are unseen in the input sequence. Experiments demonstrate that our method achieves high-quality editing on various dynamic scenes and outperforms the state-of-the-art. We will release our code and captured data.
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