随着全球的太阳能能力继续增长，越来越意识到先进的检验系统正度重视安排智能干预措施并最大限度地减少停机时间。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种新的自动多级模型，以通过使用YOLOV3网络和计算机视觉技术来检测由无人机捕获的空中图像上的面板缺陷。该模型结合了面板和缺陷的检测来改进其精度。主要的Noveltize由其多功能性来处理热量或可见图像，并检测各种缺陷及其对屋顶和地面安装的光伏系统和不同面板类型的缺陷。拟议的模型已在意大利南部的两个大型光伏工厂验证，优秀的AP至0.5超过98％，对于面板检测，卓越的AP@0.4（AP@0.5）大约为88.3％（66.95％）的热点红外热成像和MAP@0.5在可见光谱中近70％，用于检测通过污染和鸟粪诱导，分层，水坑的存在和覆盖屋顶板诱导的面板遮蔽的异常谱。还预测了对污染覆盖的估计。最后讨论了对不同yolov3的输出尺度对检测的影响的分析。

The 1$^{\text{st}}$ Workshop on Maritime Computer Vision (MaCVi) 2023 focused on maritime computer vision for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) and Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV), and organized several subchallenges in this domain: (i) UAV-based Maritime Object Detection, (ii) UAV-based Maritime Object Tracking, (iii) USV-based Maritime Obstacle Segmentation and (iv) USV-based Maritime Obstacle Detection. The subchallenges were based on the SeaDronesSee and MODS benchmarks. This report summarizes the main findings of the individual subchallenges and introduces a new benchmark, called SeaDronesSee Object Detection v2, which extends the previous benchmark by including more classes and footage. We provide statistical and qualitative analyses, and assess trends in the best-performing methodologies of over 130 submissions. The methods are summarized in the appendix. The datasets, evaluation code and the leaderboard are publicly available at https://seadronessee.cs.uni-tuebingen.de/macvi.

每年，AEDESAEGYPTI蚊子都感染了数百万人，如登录，ZIKA，Chikungunya和城市黄热病等疾病。战斗这些疾病的主要形式是通过寻找和消除潜在的蚊虫养殖场来避免蚊子繁殖。在这项工作中，我们介绍了一个全面的空中视频数据集，获得了无人驾驶飞行器，含有可能的蚊帐。使用识别所有感兴趣对象的边界框手动注释视频数据集的所有帧。该数据集被用于开发基于深度卷积网络的这些对象的自动检测系统。我们提出了通过在可以注册检测到的对象的时空检测管道的对象检测流水线中的融合来利用视频中包含的时间信息，这些时间是可以注册检测到的对象的，最大限度地减少最伪正和假阴性的出现。此外，我们通过实验表明使用视频比仅使用框架对马赛克组成马赛克更有利。使用Reset-50-FPN作为骨干，我们可以分别实现0.65和0.77的F $ _1 $ -70分别对“轮胎”和“水箱”的对象级别检测，说明了正确定位潜在蚊子的系统能力育种对象。

遵循机器视觉系统在线自动化质量控制和检查过程的成功之后，这项工作中为两个不同的特定应用提供了一种对象识别解决方案，即，在医院准备在医院进行消毒的手术工具箱中检测质量控制项目，以及检测血管船体中的缺陷，以防止潜在的结构故障。该解决方案有两个阶段。首先，基于单镜头多伯克斯检测器（SSD）的特征金字塔体系结构用于改善检测性能，并采用基于地面真实的统计分析来选择一系列默认框的参数。其次，利用轻量级神经网络使用回归方法来实现定向检测结果。该方法的第一阶段能够检测两种情况下考虑的小目标。在第二阶段，尽管很简单，但在保持较高的运行效率的同时，检测细长目标是有效的。

自动检测飞行无人机是一个关键问题，其存在（特别是未经授权）可以造成风险的情况或损害安全性。在这里，我们设计和评估了多传感器无人机检测系统。结合常见的摄像机和麦克风传感器，我们探索了热红外摄像机的使用，指出是一种可行且有希望的解决方案，在相关文献中几乎没有解决。我们的解决方案还集成了鱼眼相机，以监视天空的更大部分，并将其他摄像机转向感兴趣的对象。传感溶液与ADS-B接收器，GPS接收器和雷达模块相辅相成，尽管由于其有限的检测范围，后者未包含在我们的最终部署中。即使此处使用的摄像机的分辨率较低，热摄像机也被证明是与摄像机一样好的可行解决方案。我们作品的另外两个新颖性是创建一个新的公共数据集的多传感器注释数据，该数据与现有的类别相比扩大了类的数量，以及对探测器性能的研究作为传感器到传感器的函数的研究目标距离。还探索了传感器融合，表明可以以这种方式使系统更强大，从而减轻对单个传感器的虚假检测

X-ray imaging technology has been used for decades in clinical tasks to reveal the internal condition of different organs, and in recent years, it has become more common in other areas such as industry, security, and geography. The recent development of computer vision and machine learning techniques has also made it easier to automatically process X-ray images and several machine learning-based object (anomaly) detection, classification, and segmentation methods have been recently employed in X-ray image analysis. Due to the high potential of deep learning in related image processing applications, it has been used in most of the studies. This survey reviews the recent research on using computer vision and machine learning for X-ray analysis in industrial production and security applications and covers the applications, techniques, evaluation metrics, datasets, and performance comparison of those techniques on publicly available datasets. We also highlight some drawbacks in the published research and give recommendations for future research in computer vision-based X-ray analysis.

空中无人机镜头的视觉检查是当今土地搜索和救援（SAR）运营的一个组成部分。由于此检查是对人类的缓慢而繁琐，令人疑惑的工作，我们提出了一种新颖的深入学习算法来自动化该航空人员检测（APD）任务。我们试验模型架构选择，在线数据增强，转移学习，图像平铺和其他几种技术，以提高我们方法的测试性能。我们将新型航空检验视网膜（空气）算法呈现为这些贡献的结合。空中探测器在精度（〜21个百分点增加）和速度方面，在常用的SAR测试数据上表现出最先进的性能。此外，我们为SAR任务中的APD问题提供了新的正式定义。也就是说，我们提出了一种新的评估方案，在现实世界SAR本地化要求方面排名探测器。最后，我们提出了一种用于稳健的新型后处理方法，近似对象定位：重叠边界框（MOB）算法的合并。在空中检测器中使用的最终处理阶段在真实的空中SAR任务面前显着提高了其性能和可用性。

Figure 1: Results obtained from our single image, monocular 3D object detection network MonoDIS on a KITTI3D test image with corresponding birds-eye view, showing its ability to estimate size and orientation of objects at different scales.

工业X射线分析在需要保证某些零件的结构完整性的航空航天，汽车或核行业中很常见。但是，射线照相图像的解释有时很困难，可能导致两名专家在缺陷分类上不同意。本文介绍的自动缺陷识别（ADR）系统将减少分析时间，还将有助于减少对缺陷的主观解释，同时提高人类检查员的可靠性。我们的卷积神经网络（CNN）模型达到94.2 \％准确性（MAP@iou = 50 \％），当应用于汽车铝铸件数据集（GDXRAR）时，它被认为与预期的人类性能相似，超过了当前状态该数据集的艺术。在工业环境上，其推理时间少于每个DICOM图像，因此可以安装在生产设施上，不会影响交付时间。此外，还进行了对主要高参数的消融研究，以优化从75 \％映射的初始基线结果最高94.2 \％map的模型准确性。

我们提出了一种新的四管齐下的方法，在文献中首次建立消防员的情境意识。我们构建了一系列深度学习框架，彼此之叠，以提高消防员在紧急首次响应设置中进行的救援任务的安全性，效率和成功完成。首先，我们使用深度卷积神经网络（CNN）系统，以实时地分类和识别来自热图像的感兴趣对象。接下来，我们将此CNN框架扩展了对象检测，跟踪，分割与掩码RCNN框架，以及具有多模级自然语言处理（NLP）框架的场景描述。第三，我们建立了一个深入的Q学习的代理，免受压力引起的迷失方向和焦虑，能够根据现场消防环境中观察和存储的事实来制定明确的导航决策。最后，我们使用了一种低计算无监督的学习技术，称为张量分解，在实时对异常检测进行有意义的特征提取。通过这些临时深度学习结构，我们建立了人工智能系统的骨干，用于消防员的情境意识。要将设计的系统带入消防员的使用，我们设计了一种物理结构，其中处理后的结果被用作创建增强现实的投入，这是一个能够建议他们所在地的消防员和周围的关键特征，这对救援操作至关重要在手头，以及路径规划功能，充当虚拟指南，以帮助迷彩的第一个响应者恢复安全。当组合时，这四种方法呈现了一种新颖的信息理解，转移和综合方法，这可能会大大提高消防员响应和功效，并降低寿命损失。

Unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) popularity is on the rise as it enables the services like traffic monitoring, emergency communications, deliveries, and surveillance. However, the unauthorized usage of UAVs (a.k.a drone) may violate security and privacy protocols for security-sensitive national and international institutions. The presented challenges require fast, efficient, and precise detection of UAVs irrespective of harsh weather conditions, the presence of different objects, and their size to enable SafeSpace. Recently, there has been significant progress in using the latest deep learning models, but those models have shortcomings in terms of computational complexity, precision, and non-scalability. To overcome these limitations, we propose a precise and efficient multiscale and multifeature UAV detection network for SafeSpace, i.e., \textit{MultiFeatureNet} (\textit{MFNet}), an improved version of the popular object detection algorithm YOLOv5s. In \textit{MFNet}, we perform multiple changes in the backbone and neck of the YOLOv5s network to focus on the various small and ignored features required for accurate and fast UAV detection. To further improve the accuracy and focus on the specific situation and multiscale UAVs, we classify the \textit{MFNet} into small (S), medium (M), and large (L): these are the combinations of various size filters in the convolution and the bottleneckCSP layers, reside in the backbone and neck of the architecture. This classification helps to overcome the computational cost by training the model on a specific feature map rather than all the features. The dataset and code are available as an open source: github.com/ZeeshanKaleem/MultiFeatureNet.

现在，诸如无人机之类的无人机，从捕获和目标检测的各种目的中，从Ariel Imagery等捕获和目标检测的各种目的很大使用。轻松进入这些小的Ariel车辆到公众可能导致严重的安全威胁。例如，可以通过使用无人机在公共公共场合中混合的间谍来监视关键位置。在手中研究提出了一种改进和高效的深度学习自治系统，可以以极大的精度检测和跟踪非常小的无人机。建议的系统由自定义深度学习模型Tiny Yolov3组成，其中一个非常快速的物体检测模型的口味之一，您只能构建并用于检测一次（YOLO）。物体检测算法将有效地检测无人机。与以前的Yolo版本相比，拟议的架构表现出显着更好的性能。在资源使用和时间复杂性方面观察到改进。使用召回和精度分别为93％和91％的测量来测量性能。

深神网络的对象探测器正在不断发展，并用于多种应用程序，每个应用程序都有自己的要求集。尽管关键安全应用需要高准确性和可靠性，但低延迟任务需要资源和节能网络。不断提出了实时探测器，在高影响现实世界中是必需的，但是它们过分强调了准确性和速度的提高，而其他功能（例如多功能性，鲁棒性，资源和能源效率）则被省略。现有网络的参考基准不存在，设计新网络的标准评估指南也不存在，从而导致比较模棱两可和不一致的比较。因此，我们对广泛的数据集进行了多个实时探测器（基于锚点，关键器和变压器）的全面研究，并报告了一系列广泛指标的结果。我们还研究了变量，例如图像大小，锚固尺寸，置信阈值和架构层对整体性能的影响。我们分析了检测网络的鲁棒性，以防止分配变化，自然腐败和对抗性攻击。此外，我们提供了校准分析来评估预测的可靠性。最后，为了强调现实世界的影响，我们对自动驾驶和医疗保健应用进行了两个独特的案例研究。为了进一步衡量关键实时应用程序中网络的能力，我们报告了在Edge设备上部署检测网络后的性能。我们广泛的实证研究可以作为工业界对现有网络做出明智选择的指南。我们还希望激发研究社区的设计和评估网络的新方向，该网络着重于更大而整体的概述，以实现深远的影响。

随着深度卷积神经网络的兴起，对象检测在过去几年中取得了突出的进步。但是，这种繁荣无法掩盖小物体检测（SOD）的不令人满意的情况，这是计算机视觉中臭名昭著的挑战性任务之一，这是由于视觉外观不佳和由小目标的内在结构引起的嘈杂表示。此外，用于基准小对象检测方法基准测试的大规模数据集仍然是瓶颈。在本文中，我们首先对小物体检测进行了详尽的审查。然后，为了催化SOD的发展，我们分别构建了两个大规模的小物体检测数据集（SODA），SODA-D和SODA-A，分别集中在驾驶和空中场景上。 SODA-D包括24704个高质量的交通图像和277596个9个类别的实例。对于苏打水，我们收集2510个高分辨率航空图像，并在9个类别上注释800203实例。众所周知，拟议的数据集是有史以来首次尝试使用针对多类SOD量身定制的大量注释实例进行大规模基准测试。最后，我们评估主流方法在苏打水上的性能。我们预计发布的基准可以促进SOD的发展，并产生该领域的更多突破。数据集和代码将很快在：\ url {https://shaunyuan22.github.io/soda}上。

本文提出了一种新颖的方法，用于在具有复杂拓扑结构的地下领域的搜索和救援行动中自动合作。作为CTU-Cras-Norlab团队的一部分，拟议的系统在DARPA SubT决赛的虚拟轨道中排名第二。与专门为虚拟轨道开发的获奖解决方案相反，该建议的解决方案也被证明是在现实世界竞争极为严峻和狭窄的环境中飞行的机上实体无人机的强大系统。提出的方法可以使无缝模拟转移的无人机团队完全自主和分散的部署，并证明了其优于不同环境可飞行空间的移动UGV团队的优势。该论文的主要贡献存在于映射和导航管道中。映射方法采用新颖的地图表示形式 - 用于有效的风险意识长距离计划，面向覆盖范围和压缩的拓扑范围的LTVMAP领域，以允许在低频道通信下进行多机器人合作。这些表示形式与新的方法一起在导航中使用，以在一般的3D环境中可见性受限的知情搜索，而对环境结构没有任何假设，同时将深度探索与传感器覆盖的剥削保持平衡。所提出的解决方案还包括一条视觉感知管道，用于在没有专用GPU的情况下在5 Hz处进行四个RGB流中感兴趣的对象的板上检测和定位。除了参与DARPA SubT外，在定性和定量评估的各种环境中，在不同的环境中进行了广泛的实验验证，UAV系统的性能得到了支持。

水果苍蝇是果实产量最有害的昆虫物种之一。在AlertTrap中，使用不同的最先进的骨干功能提取器（如MobiLenetv1和MobileNetv2）的SSD架构的实现似乎是实时检测问题的潜在解决方案。SSD-MobileNetv1和SSD-MobileNetv2表现良好并导致AP至0.5分别为0.957和1.0。YOLOV4-TINY优于SSD家族，在AP@0.5中为1.0;但是，其吞吐量速度略微慢。

The International Workshop on Reading Music Systems (WoRMS) is a workshop that tries to connect researchers who develop systems for reading music, such as in the field of Optical Music Recognition, with other researchers and practitioners that could benefit from such systems, like librarians or musicologists. The relevant topics of interest for the workshop include, but are not limited to: Music reading systems; Optical music recognition; Datasets and performance evaluation; Image processing on music scores; Writer identification; Authoring, editing, storing and presentation systems for music scores; Multi-modal systems; Novel input-methods for music to produce written music; Web-based Music Information Retrieval services; Applications and projects; Use-cases related to written music. These are the proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Reading Music Systems, held in Alicante on the 23rd of July 2021.

Due to object detection's close relationship with video analysis and image understanding, it has attracted much research attention in recent years. Traditional object detection methods are built on handcrafted features and shallow trainable architectures. Their performance easily stagnates by constructing complex ensembles which combine multiple low-level image features with high-level context from object detectors and scene classifiers. With the rapid development in deep learning, more powerful tools, which are able to learn semantic, high-level, deeper features, are introduced to address the problems existing in traditional architectures. These models behave differently in network architecture, training strategy and optimization function, etc. In this paper, we provide a review on deep learning based object detection frameworks. Our review begins with a brief introduction on the history of deep learning and its representative tool, namely Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Then we focus on typical generic object detection architectures along with some modifications and useful tricks to improve detection performance further. As distinct specific detection tasks exhibit different characteristics, we also briefly survey several specific tasks, including salient object detection, face detection and pedestrian detection. Experimental analyses are also provided to compare various methods and draw some meaningful conclusions. Finally, several promising directions and tasks are provided to serve as guidelines for future work in both object detection and relevant neural network based learning systems.

Technological advancements have normalized the usage of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in every sector, spanning from military to commercial but they also pose serious security concerns due to their enhanced functionalities and easy access to private and highly secured areas. Several instances related to UAVs have raised security concerns, leading to UAV detection research studies. Visual techniques are widely adopted for UAV detection, but they perform poorly at night, in complex backgrounds, and in adverse weather conditions. Therefore, a robust night vision-based drone detection system is required to that could efficiently tackle this problem. Infrared cameras are increasingly used for nighttime surveillance due to their wide applications in night vision equipment. This paper uses a deep learning-based TinyFeatureNet (TF-Net), which is an improved version of YOLOv5s, to accurately detect UAVs during the night using infrared (IR) images. In the proposed TF-Net, we introduce architectural changes in the neck and backbone of the YOLOv5s. We also simulated four different YOLOv5 models (s,m,n,l) and proposed TF-Net for a fair comparison. The results showed better performance for the proposed TF-Net in terms of precision, IoU, GFLOPS, model size, and FPS compared to the YOLOv5s. TF-Net yielded the best results with 95.7\% precision, 84\% mAp, and 44.8\% $IoU$.

Plastic shopping bags that get carried away from the side of roads and tangled on cotton plants can end up at cotton gins if not removed before the harvest. Such bags may not only cause problem in the ginning process but might also get embodied in cotton fibers reducing its quality and marketable value. Therefore, it is required to detect, locate, and remove the bags before cotton is harvested. Manually detecting and locating these bags in cotton fields is labor intensive, time-consuming and a costly process. To solve these challenges, we present application of four variants of YOLOv5 (YOLOv5s, YOLOv5m, YOLOv5l and YOLOv5x) for detecting plastic shopping bags using Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS)-acquired RGB (Red, Green, and Blue) images. We also show fixed effect model tests of color of plastic bags as well as YOLOv5-variant on average precision (AP), mean average precision (mAP@50) and accuracy. In addition, we also demonstrate the effect of height of plastic bags on the detection accuracy. It was found that color of bags had significant effect (p < 0.001) on accuracy across all the four variants while it did not show any significant effect on the AP with YOLOv5m (p = 0.10) and YOLOv5x (p = 0.35) at 95% confidence level. Similarly, YOLOv5-variant did not show any significant effect on the AP (p = 0.11) and accuracy (p = 0.73) of white bags, but it had significant effects on the AP (p = 0.03) and accuracy (p = 0.02) of brown bags including on the mAP@50 (p = 0.01) and inference speed (p < 0.0001). Additionally, height of plastic bags had significant effect (p < 0.0001) on overall detection accuracy. The findings reported in this paper can be useful in speeding up removal of plastic bags from cotton fields before harvest and thereby reducing the amount of contaminants that end up at cotton gins.