近年来，使用小型和远程控制的无人驾驶飞行器（无人机）或无人机的无人驾驶。这与滥用剧集平行，对人或设施的安全有明显的威胁。结果，UAV的检测也被出现为研究主题。关于无人机检测的大多数研究未能指定采集设备，无人机类型，检测范围或数据集的类型。尽管它与其他目标取得了成功，但缺乏采用热红外摄像机的适当的无人机检测研究也是一个问题。此外，我们还没有找到任何以前的研究，以作为与目标距离的函数来解决检测任务。传感器融合也被称为开放式研究问题，尽管在这方面的研究也很稀缺。为了抵消所提到的问题并允许与普通公共基准的基本研究，我们有助于带注释的多传感器数据库，用于无人机检测，包括红外和可见视频和音频文件。该数据库包括三种不同的无人机，不同的尺寸和其他飞行物体可以被错误地检测为无人机，例如鸟类，飞机或直升机。除了使用几种不同的传感器之外，类的数量高于先前的研究。为了允许研究作为传感器到目标距离的函数，根据行业标准检测，识别和识别（DRI）要求，将数据集分为三类（关闭，中，遥远），识别和识别（DRI）要求，建立在Johnson标准上。鉴于无人机必须在视觉范围内飞行，由于法规，无人机的最大传感器到目标距离为200米，并且在白天进行采集。该数据已在瑞典的三个机场获得：Halmstad Airport（IATA规范：HAD / ICAO代码：ESMT），哥德堡市机场（GSE / ESGP）和MALM \“o机场（MMX / ESMS）。

自动检测飞行无人机是一个关键问题，其存在（特别是未经授权）可以造成风险的情况或损害安全性。在这里，我们设计和评估了多传感器无人机检测系统。结合常见的摄像机和麦克风传感器，我们探索了热红外摄像机的使用，指出是一种可行且有希望的解决方案，在相关文献中几乎没有解决。我们的解决方案还集成了鱼眼相机，以监视天空的更大部分，并将其他摄像机转向感兴趣的对象。传感溶液与ADS-B接收器，GPS接收器和雷达模块相辅相成，尽管由于其有限的检测范围，后者未包含在我们的最终部署中。即使此处使用的摄像机的分辨率较低，热摄像机也被证明是与摄像机一样好的可行解决方案。我们作品的另外两个新颖性是创建一个新的公共数据集的多传感器注释数据，该数据与现有的类别相比扩大了类的数量，以及对探测器性能的研究作为传感器到传感器的函数的研究目标距离。还探索了传感器融合，表明可以以这种方式使系统更强大，从而减轻对单个传感器的虚假检测

由于其前所未有的优势，在规模，移动，部署和隐蔽观察能力方面，空中平台和成像传感器的快速出现是实现新的空中监测形式。本文从计算机视觉和模式识别的角度来看，全面概述了以人为本的空中监控任务。它旨在为读者提供使用无人机，无人机和其他空中平台的空中监测任务当前状态的深入系统审查和技术分析。感兴趣的主要对象是人类，其中要检测单个或多个受试者，识别，跟踪，重新识别并进行其行为。更具体地，对于这四项任务中的每一个，我们首先讨论与基于地面的设置相比在空中环境中执行这些任务的独特挑战。然后，我们审查和分析公共可用于每项任务的航空数据集，并深入了解航空文学中的方法，并调查他们目前如何应对鸟瞰挑战。我们在讨论缺失差距和开放研究问题的讨论中得出结论，告知未来的研究途径。

庞大的石油和天然气传输管道需要定期监测维护和危险检查，以避免设备故障和潜在事故。严重的Covid-19大流行情况迫使公司缩小了他们的团队的规模。面对现场的一种风险由不受控制的油气和天然气的不受控制的释放来表示。在许多检测方法中，无人驾驶飞行器系统含有柔韧性和稳定性。无人驾驶飞行器可以实时转移数据，而他们正在进行监控任务。本文专注于配备光学传感和人工智能的无人机车辆，尤其是具有深入学习技术的图像识别，用于管道监测。无人驾驶飞行器可用于定期巡逻职责，以识别和捕获感兴趣领域的图像和视频。难以达到的地方将进入更快，更便宜，风险较少。目前的论文基于捕获基于无人机的检验视频和图像的想法，这可能在危险之前发现几个潜在的危险问题。由于外管绝缘材料的包层弱化，损坏可以出现。当通过外部腐蚀的管道厚度可能发生时，也可能存在这种情况。本文介绍了石油和天然气行业专家完成的调查，用于寻找所提出的系统的功能和非功能性要求。

多媒体异常数据集在自动监视中发挥着至关重要的作用。它们具有广泛的应用程序，从异常对象/情况检测到检测危及生命事件的检测。该字段正在接收大量的1.5多年的巨大研究兴趣，因此，已经创建了越来越多地专用于异常动作和对象检测的数据集。点击这些公共异常数据集使研究人员能够生成和比较具有相同输入数据的各种异常检测框架。本文介绍了各种视频，音频以及基于异常检测的应用的综合调查。该调查旨在解决基于异常检测的多媒体公共数据集缺乏全面的比较和分析。此外，它可以帮助研究人员选择最佳可用数据集，用于标记框架。此外，我们讨论了现有数据集和未来方向洞察中开发多峰异常检测数据集的差距。

Technological advancements have normalized the usage of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in every sector, spanning from military to commercial but they also pose serious security concerns due to their enhanced functionalities and easy access to private and highly secured areas. Several instances related to UAVs have raised security concerns, leading to UAV detection research studies. Visual techniques are widely adopted for UAV detection, but they perform poorly at night, in complex backgrounds, and in adverse weather conditions. Therefore, a robust night vision-based drone detection system is required to that could efficiently tackle this problem. Infrared cameras are increasingly used for nighttime surveillance due to their wide applications in night vision equipment. This paper uses a deep learning-based TinyFeatureNet (TF-Net), which is an improved version of YOLOv5s, to accurately detect UAVs during the night using infrared (IR) images. In the proposed TF-Net, we introduce architectural changes in the neck and backbone of the YOLOv5s. We also simulated four different YOLOv5 models (s,m,n,l) and proposed TF-Net for a fair comparison. The results showed better performance for the proposed TF-Net in terms of precision, IoU, GFLOPS, model size, and FPS compared to the YOLOv5s. TF-Net yielded the best results with 95.7\% precision, 84\% mAp, and 44.8\% $IoU$.

Unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) popularity is on the rise as it enables the services like traffic monitoring, emergency communications, deliveries, and surveillance. However, the unauthorized usage of UAVs (a.k.a drone) may violate security and privacy protocols for security-sensitive national and international institutions. The presented challenges require fast, efficient, and precise detection of UAVs irrespective of harsh weather conditions, the presence of different objects, and their size to enable SafeSpace. Recently, there has been significant progress in using the latest deep learning models, but those models have shortcomings in terms of computational complexity, precision, and non-scalability. To overcome these limitations, we propose a precise and efficient multiscale and multifeature UAV detection network for SafeSpace, i.e., \textit{MultiFeatureNet} (\textit{MFNet}), an improved version of the popular object detection algorithm YOLOv5s. In \textit{MFNet}, we perform multiple changes in the backbone and neck of the YOLOv5s network to focus on the various small and ignored features required for accurate and fast UAV detection. To further improve the accuracy and focus on the specific situation and multiscale UAVs, we classify the \textit{MFNet} into small (S), medium (M), and large (L): these are the combinations of various size filters in the convolution and the bottleneckCSP layers, reside in the backbone and neck of the architecture. This classification helps to overcome the computational cost by training the model on a specific feature map rather than all the features. The dataset and code are available as an open source: github.com/ZeeshanKaleem/MultiFeatureNet.

The increase in the number of unmanned aerial vehicles a.k.a. drones pose several threats to public privacy, critical infrastructure and cyber security. Hence, detecting unauthorized drones is a significant problem which received attention in the last few years. In this paper, we present our experimental work on three drone detection methods (i.e., acoustic detection, radio frequency (RF) detection, and visual detection) to evaluate their efficacy in both indoor and outdoor environments. Owing to the limitations of these schemes, we present a novel encryption-based drone detection scheme that uses a two-stage verification of the drone's received signal strength indicator (RSSI) and the encryption key generated from the drone's position coordinates to reliably detect an unauthorized drone in the presence of authorized drones.

This paper proposes the use of an event camera as a component of a vision system that enables counting of fast-moving objects - in this case, falling corn grains. These type of cameras transmit information about the change in brightness of individual pixels and are characterised by low latency, no motion blur, correct operation in different lighting conditions, as well as very low power consumption. The proposed counting algorithm processes events in real time. The operation of the solution was demonstrated on a stand consisting of a chute with a vibrating feeder, which allowed the number of grains falling to be adjusted. The objective of the control system with a PID controller was to maintain a constant average number of falling objects. The proposed solution was subjected to a series of tests to determine the correctness of the developed method operation. On their basis, the validity of using an event camera to count small, fast-moving objects and the associated wide range of potential industrial applications can be confirmed.

Many aerial robotic applications require the ability to land on moving platforms, such as delivery trucks and marine research boats. We present a method to autonomously land an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle on a moving vehicle. A visual servoing controller approaches the ground vehicle using velocity commands calculated directly in image space. The control laws generate velocity commands in all three dimensions, eliminating the need for a separate height controller. The method has shown the ability to approach and land on the moving deck in simulation, indoor and outdoor environments, and compared to the other available methods, it has provided the fastest landing approach. Unlike many existing methods for landing on fast-moving platforms, this method does not rely on additional external setups, such as RTK, motion capture system, ground station, offboard processing, or communication with the vehicle, and it requires only the minimal set of hardware and localization sensors. The videos and source codes are also provided.

本文介绍了在异质SOC FPGA计算平台上实施的无人机（UAV）控制算法的硬件（HIL）模拟系统。使用了在PC上运行的Airsim模拟器和带有来自AMD Xilinx的Zynq Soc芯片的Arty Z7开发板。通信是通过串行USB链接进行的。选择了在特殊标记的着陆条上自动着陆的申请作为案例研究。在Zynq SoC平台上实施了着陆点检测算法。这样可以实时处理1280 x 720 @ 60 fps视频流。执行的测试表明，该系统正常工作，并且没有可能对控制的稳定性产生负面影响。所提出的概念的特征是相对简单和实施成本较低。同时，它可以应用于在嵌入式平台上实现的无人机测试各种类型的高级感知和控制算法。我们提供在GitHub上开发的代码，该代码包括在PC上运行的Python脚本和在Arty Z7上运行的C代码。

自动化驾驶系统（广告）开辟了汽车行业的新领域，为未来的运输提供了更高的效率和舒适体验的新可能性。然而，在恶劣天气条件下的自主驾驶已经存在，使自动车辆（AVS）长时间保持自主车辆（AVS）或更高的自主权。本文评估了天气在分析和统计方式中为广告传感器带来的影响和挑战，并对恶劣天气条件进行了解决方案。彻底报道了关于对每种天气的感知增强的最先进技术。外部辅助解决方案如V2X技术，当前可用的数据集，模拟器和天气腔室的实验设施中的天气条件覆盖范围明显。通过指出各种主要天气问题，自主驾驶场目前正在面临，近年来审查硬件和计算机科学解决方案，这项调查概述了在不利的天气驾驶条件方面的障碍和方向的障碍和方向。

Accurate speed estimation of road vehicles is important for several reasons. One is speed limit enforcement, which represents a crucial tool in decreasing traffic accidents and fatalities. Compared with other research areas and domains, the number of available datasets for vehicle speed estimation is still very limited. We present a dataset of on-road audio-video recordings of single vehicles passing by a camera at known speeds, maintained stable by the on-board cruise control. The dataset contains thirteen vehicles, selected to be as diverse as possible in terms of manufacturer, production year, engine type, power and transmission, resulting in a total of $ 400 $ annotated audio-video recordings. The dataset is fully available and intended as a public benchmark to facilitate research in audio-video vehicle speed estimation. In addition to the dataset, we propose a cross-validation strategy which can be used in a machine learning model for vehicle speed estimation. Two approaches to training-validation split of the dataset are proposed.

城市地区的送货服务销售服务显着增加，与杰夫贝斯宣称，亚马逊船舶重量少于5磅的订单中的86％是成熟的，以对自动化进程的最终阶段的经济性方法进行调查。随着半自动无人机送货服务的出现，如爱尔兰启动“Manna”和马耳他的“Skymax”，交货之旅的最后一步仍然是最难自动化的。本文调查了使用单个RGB摄像机在UAV上捕获的简单图像，以区分安全和不安全的着陆区域。我们调查语义图像分割框架作为识别安全着陆区域的一种方法，并展示了轻量级模型的准确性，最小化所需的传感器数量。通过使用图像而不是视频，我们减少了识别无人机的安全起落区所需的能量，而无需人为干预。

本研究专注于评估智能和安全车辆系统的热对象检测的实时性能，通过在GPU和单板边缘GPU计算平台上部署训练有素的网络进行车载汽车传感器套件测试。在充满挑战的天气和环境场景中，获取，加工和开放，包括具有> 35,000个不同框架的新型大规模热数据集。 DataSet是从丢失的成本且有效的未加工的LWIR热敏摄像机，安装独立和电动车辆中的记录，以最大限度地减少机械振动。最先进的YOLO-V5网络变体使用四个不同的公共数据集进行培训，也可以通过采用SGD优化器来实现DNN的最佳通用的本地数据集。培训网络的有效性在广泛的测试数据上使用了各种定量度量来验证，包括精度，召回曲线，平均精度和每秒帧。使用规特相关推理加速器进一步优化YOLO的较小网络变体，明确提高每秒速率的帧。在低功率边缘设备上测试时，优化的网络引擎在低功耗边缘设备上测试时，每秒速率增加3.5倍。在NVIDIA Jetson Nano和60 fps上的NVIDIA Xavier NX Development Landls上实现了11个FPS。

随着无人机技术的改进，从监视到航空摄影再到包装交付的这些多功能自动驾驶汽车，已经发现了越来越多的用途，并且这些应用都带来了独特的挑战。本文实施了一个这样一个挑战的解决方案：降落在移动目标上。此问题以前已经通过不同程度的成功解决了，但是大多数实施都集中在室内应用程序上。室外以风和照明等变量的形式提出了更大的挑战，室外无人机更重，更容易受到惯性效应的影响。我们的方法纯粹是基于视觉的，使用单眼摄像机和基准标记来定位无人机和PID控制，以跟随和降落在平台上。

Video, as a key driver in the global explosion of digital information, can create tremendous benefits for human society. Governments and enterprises are deploying innumerable cameras for a variety of applications, e.g., law enforcement, emergency management, traffic control, and security surveillance, all facilitated by video analytics (VA). This trend is spurred by the rapid advancement of deep learning (DL), which enables more precise models for object classification, detection, and tracking. Meanwhile, with the proliferation of Internet-connected devices, massive amounts of data are generated daily, overwhelming the cloud. Edge computing, an emerging paradigm that moves workloads and services from the network core to the network edge, has been widely recognized as a promising solution. The resulting new intersection, edge video analytics (EVA), begins to attract widespread attention. Nevertheless, only a few loosely-related surveys exist on this topic. A dedicated venue for collecting and summarizing the latest advances of EVA is highly desired by the community. Besides, the basic concepts of EVA (e.g., definition, architectures, etc.) are ambiguous and neglected by these surveys due to the rapid development of this domain. A thorough clarification is needed to facilitate a consensus on these concepts. To fill in these gaps, we conduct a comprehensive survey of the recent efforts on EVA. In this paper, we first review the fundamentals of edge computing, followed by an overview of VA. The EVA system and its enabling techniques are discussed next. In addition, we introduce prevalent frameworks and datasets to aid future researchers in the development of EVA systems. Finally, we discuss existing challenges and foresee future research directions. We believe this survey will help readers comprehend the relationship between VA and edge computing, and spark new ideas on EVA.

近年来，空中机器人背景下的高速导航和环境互动已成为几个学术和工业研究研究的兴趣领域。特别是，由于其若干环境中的潜在可用性，因此搜索和拦截（SAI）应用程序造成引人注目的研究区域。尽管如此，SAI任务涉及有关感官权重，板载计算资源，致动设计和感知和控制算法的具有挑战性的发展。在这项工作中，已经提出了一种用于高速对象抓握的全自动空中机器人。作为一个额外的子任务，我们的系统能够自主地刺穿位于靠近表面的杆中的气球。我们的第一款贡献是在致动和感觉水平的致动和感觉水平的空中机器人的设计，包括具有额外传感器的新型夹具设计，使机器人能够高速抓住物体。第二种贡献是一种完整的软件框架，包括感知，状态估计，运动计划，运动控制和任务控制，以便快速且强大地执行自主掌握任务。我们的方法已在一个具有挑战性的国际竞争中验证，并显示出突出的结果，能够在室外环境中以6米/分来自动搜索，遵循和掌握移动物体

本文介绍了我们拦截更快的入侵者无人机的方法，这是受MBZIRC 2020挑战1.的启发1.通过利用对入侵者轨迹的形状的先验知识，我们可以计算拦截点。目标跟踪基于Yolov3微型卷积神经网络的图像处理，并结合使用饰品安装的ZED ZED迷你立体声摄像机的深度计算。我们使用摄像头的RGB和深度数据，设计降噪的直方图过滤器来提取目标的3D位置。获得目标位置的3D测量值用于计算图八形轨迹的位置，方向和大小，我们使用Bernoulli Lemniscate近似。一旦近似被认为是足够精确的，可以通过观察值和估计之间的距离来测量，我们将计算一个拦截点，以将拦截器无人机直接放在入侵者的路径上。根据MBZIRC竞争期间收集的经验，我们的方法已在模拟和现场实验中得到了验证。我们的结果证实，我们已经开发了一个有效的视觉感知模块，该模块可以提取以足以支持拦截计划的精确性来描述入侵者无人机运动的信息。在大多数模拟遭遇中，我们可以跟踪和拦截比拦截器快30％的目标。在非结构化环境中的相应测试产生了12个成功结果中的9个。

纳米大小的无人机具有探索未知和复杂环境的巨大潜力。它们的尺寸很小，使它们敏捷且安全地靠近人类，并使他们能够穿过狭窄的空间。但是，它们的尺寸很小和有效载荷限制了板载计算和传感的可能性，从而使完全自主的飞行极具挑战性。迈向完全自主权的第一步是可靠的避免障碍，这在通用的室内环境中被证明在技术上具有挑战性。当前的方法利用基于视觉或一维传感器来支持纳米无人机感知算法。这项工作为基于新颖的毫米尺寸64像素多区域飞行时间（TOF）传感器和通用的无模型控制策略提供了轻巧的避免障碍系统。报告的现场测试基于Crazyflie 2.1，该测试由定制的多区TOF甲板扩展，总质量为35克。该算法仅使用0.3％的车载处理能力（210US执行时间），帧速率为15fps，为许多未来应用提供了绝佳的基础。运行提出的感知系统（包括抬起和操作传感器）所需的总无人机功率不到10％。在通用且以前未开发的室内环境中，提出的自动纳米大小无人机以0.5m/s的速度达到100％可靠性。所提出的系统释放出具有广泛数据集的开源，包括TOF和灰度摄像头数据，并与运动捕获中的无人机位置地面真相结合在一起。