Agents that can follow language instructions are expected to be useful in a variety of situations such as navigation. However, training neural network-based agents requires numerous paired trajectories and languages. This paper proposes using multimodal generative models for semi-supervised learning in the instruction following tasks. The models learn a shared representation of the paired data, and enable semi-supervised learning by reconstructing unpaired data through the representation. Key challenges in applying the models to sequence-to-sequence tasks including instruction following are learning a shared representation of variable-length mulitimodal data and incorporating attention mechanisms. To address the problems, this paper proposes a novel network architecture to absorb the difference in the sequence lengths of the multimodal data. In addition, to further improve the performance, this paper shows how to incorporate the generative model-based approach with an existing semi-supervised method called a speaker-follower model, and proposes a regularization term that improves inference using unpaired trajectories. Experiments on BabyAI and Room-to-Room (R2R) environments show that the proposed method improves the performance of instruction following by leveraging unpaired data, and improves the performance of the speaker-follower model by 2\% to 4\% in R2R.

This paper presents a portrait stylization method designed for real-time mobile applications with limited style examples available. Previous learning based stylization methods suffer from the geometric and semantic gaps between portrait domain and style domain, which obstacles the style information to be correctly transferred to the portrait images, leading to poor stylization quality. Based on the geometric prior of human facial attributions, we propose to utilize geometric alignment to tackle this issue. Firstly, we apply Thin-Plate-Spline (TPS) on feature maps in the generator network and also directly to style images in pixel space, generating aligned portrait-style image pairs with identical landmarks, which closes the geometric gaps between two domains. Secondly, adversarial learning maps the textures and colors of portrait images to the style domain. Finally, geometric aware cycle consistency preserves the content and identity information unchanged, and deformation invariant constraint suppresses artifacts and distortions. Qualitative and quantitative comparison validate our method outperforms existing methods, and experiments proof our method could be trained with limited style examples (100 or less) in real-time (more than 40 FPS) on mobile devices. Ablation study demonstrates the effectiveness of each component in the framework.

马尔可夫链蒙特卡洛（MCMC），例如langevin Dynamics，有效地近似顽固的分布。但是，由于昂贵的数据采样迭代和缓慢的收敛性，它的用法在深层可变模型的背景下受到限制。本文提出了摊销的langevin Dynamics（ALD），其中数据划分的MCMC迭代完全被编码器的更新替换为将观测值映射到潜在变量中。这种摊销可实现有效的后验采样，而无需数据迭代。尽管具有效率，但我们证明ALD是MCMC算法有效的，其马尔可夫链在轻度假设下将目标后部作为固定分布。基于ALD，我们还提出了一个名为Langevin AutoCodeer（LAE）的新的深层变量模型。有趣的是，可以通过稍微修改传统自动编码器来实现LAE。使用多个合成数据集，我们首先验证ALD可以从目标后代正确获取样品。我们还在图像生成任务上评估了LAE，并证明我们的LAE可以根据变异推断（例如变异自动编码器）和其他基于MCMC的方法在测试可能性方面胜过现有的方法。

使用移动操纵器来整理家庭环境，在机器人技术中提出了各种挑战，例如适应大型现实世界的环境变化，以及在人类面前的安全和强大的部署。2021年9月举行的全球竞赛，对真正的家庭环境中的整理任务进行了基准测试，重要的是，对全面的系统性能进行了测试。对于此挑战，我们开发了整个家庭服务机器人系统，该机器人系统利用数据驱动的方法来适应众多的方法在执行过程中发生的边缘案例，而不是经典的手动预编程解决方案。在本文中，我们描述了提出的机器人系统的核心成分，包括视觉识别，对象操纵和运动计划。我们的机器人系统赢得了二等奖，验证了数据驱动的机器人系统在家庭环境中移动操作的有效性和潜力。

Vision Transformer（VIT）在图像处理中变得越来越流行。具体而言，我们研究了测试时间适应（TTA）对VIT的有效性，VIT是一种已经出现的技术，可以自行纠正其在测试时间期间的预测。首先，我们在VIT-B16和VIT-L16上基准了各种测试时间适应方法。结果表明，使用适当的损耗函数时，TTA对VIT有效，并且先前的投入（明智地选择调制参数）是不需要的。基于观察结果，我们提出了一种称为类条件特征对齐（CFA）的新的测试时间适应方法，该方法将类别条件分布的差异和在线源中隐藏表示的整个分布差异最小化，在线中的整个分布差异方式。图像分类任务（CIFAR-10-C，CIFAR-100-C和Imagenet-C）和域适应性（Digits DataSet和Imagenet-Sketch）的实验表明，CFA稳定地超过了各种数据集中的现有基础。我们还通过在RESNET，MLP混合和几种VIT变体（Vit-augreg，Deit和Beit）上实验来验证CFA是模型不可知论。使用BEIT主链，CFA在Imagenet-C上达到了19.8％的TOP-1错误率，表现优于现有的测试时间适应基线44.0％。这是不需要改变训练阶段的TTA方法中的最新结果。

预处理的大语言模型（LLM）广泛用于自然语言处理（NLP）的许多子场，通常被称为具有特定任务示例的优秀少数学习者。值得注意的是，思想链（COT）提示，这是一种通过分步答案示例引发复杂的多步推理的技术，在算术和符号推理中实现了最新的表演，难以置信的System-2任务不遵循LLMS的标准缩放定律。尽管这些成功通常归因于LLM的几次学习能力，但我们表明，LLM是通过在每个答案之前简单地添加“让我们逐步思考”而成为不错的零射击推理者。实验结果表明，使用相同的单个提示模板，我们的零射击功能明显优于零摄像机LLM在不同的基准推理任务上的零摄像机表现，包括算术（Multiarith，GSM8K，Aqua-Rat，SVAMP，SVAMP），符号推理（最后一个字母，字母，字母，字母，，，，，字母，字母）（最后一个字母），硬币翻转）和其他逻辑推理任务（日期理解，跟踪洗牌对象），而没有任何手工制作的几个示例，例如通过175B参数指令gpt模型将Multiarith的准确性从17.7％提高到78.7％，GSM8K从10.4％提高到40.7％，以及另一种现成的大型模型，540B参数Palm Palm的相似改进。在非常多样化的推理任务中，这个单一提示的多功能性暗示了LLM的尚未开发和研究的基本零拍功能，这表明可以通过简单提示来提取高级，多任务的广泛认知能力。我们希望我们的工作不仅可以作为具有挑战性的推理基准的最小零击基线，而且还强调了仔细探索和分析LLM中隐藏在LLM中的巨大的零拍知识的重要性，然后在制作Finetunning数据集或少数拍摄的典范之前。

域泛化（DG）是一个难度的学习问题，旨在学习一个概念域的概念模型。最近的巨型预训练模型，如剪辑和GPT-3，即基础模型（FMS），已被证明对许多分布换档具有强大，因此应导致DG的大量改进。在这项工作中，我们研究了在图像分类中采用DG问题采用剪辑的通用方法，在那里我们评估了天真零射击学习和全DG学习设置。对于后者，我们提出了AP（摊销提示），作为迅速生成形式的域推断的新方法。在域泛化基准上使用多个标准数据集，即PACS，VLC，OfficeHome和Terraincognita，Clip提供了可比的性能而无需微调任何参数，这表明FM在DG中的适用性和重要性。此外，我们表明，组合域提示跟踪带剪辑使AP能够以大的余量越大，从71.3 \％升高到79.3 \％的精度。我们希望我们的方法的简单性和成功强调强调的重要性并导致更广泛采用和分析域泛化领域的基础模型。

A polarization camera has great potential for 3D reconstruction since the angle of polarization (AoP) and the degree of polarization (DoP) of reflected light are related to an object's surface normal. In this paper, we propose a novel 3D reconstruction method called Polarimetric Multi-View Inverse Rendering (Polarimetric MVIR) that effectively exploits geometric, photometric, and polarimetric cues extracted from input multi-view color-polarization images. We first estimate camera poses and an initial 3D model by geometric reconstruction with a standard structure-from-motion and multi-view stereo pipeline. We then refine the initial model by optimizing photometric rendering errors and polarimetric errors using multi-view RGB, AoP, and DoP images, where we propose a novel polarimetric cost function that enables an effective constraint on the estimated surface normal of each vertex, while considering four possible ambiguous azimuth angles revealed from the AoP measurement. The weight for the polarimetric cost is effectively determined based on the DoP measurement, which is regarded as the reliability of polarimetric information. Experimental results using both synthetic and real data demonstrate that our Polarimetric MVIR can reconstruct a detailed 3D shape without assuming a specific surface material and lighting condition.

Text-to-speech synthesis (TTS) is a task to convert texts into speech. Two of the factors that have been driving TTS are the advancements of probabilistic models and latent representation learning. We propose a TTS method based on latent variable conversion using a diffusion probabilistic model and the variational autoencoder (VAE). In our TTS method, we use a waveform model based on VAE, a diffusion model that predicts the distribution of latent variables in the waveform model from texts, and an alignment model that learns alignments between the text and speech latent sequences. Our method integrates diffusion with VAE by modeling both mean and variance parameters with diffusion, where the target distribution is determined by approximation from VAE. This latent variable conversion framework potentially enables us to flexibly incorporate various latent feature extractors. Our experiments show that our method is robust to linguistic labels with poor orthography and alignment errors.

End-to-end text-to-speech synthesis (TTS) can generate highly natural synthetic speech from raw text. However, rendering the correct pitch accents is still a challenging problem for end-to-end TTS. To tackle the challenge of rendering correct pitch accent in Japanese end-to-end TTS, we adopt PnG~BERT, a self-supervised pretrained model in the character and phoneme domain for TTS. We investigate the effects of features captured by PnG~BERT on Japanese TTS by modifying the fine-tuning condition to determine the conditions helpful inferring pitch accents. We manipulate content of PnG~BERT features from being text-oriented to speech-oriented by changing the number of fine-tuned layers during TTS. In addition, we teach PnG~BERT pitch accent information by fine-tuning with tone prediction as an additional downstream task. Our experimental results show that the features of PnG~BERT captured by pretraining contain information helpful inferring pitch accent, and PnG~BERT outperforms baseline Tacotron on accent correctness in a listening test.