可以通过定期预测未来的框架以增强虚拟现实应用程序中的用户体验,从而解决了低计算设备上图形渲染高帧速率视频的挑战。这是通过时间视图合成(TVS)的问题来研究的,该问题的目标是预测给定上一个帧的视频的下一个帧以及上一个和下一个帧的头部姿势。在这项工作中,我们考虑了用户和对象正在移动的动态场景的电视。我们设计了一个将运动解散到用户和对象运动中的框架,以在预测下一帧的同时有效地使用可用的用户运动。我们通过隔离和估计过去框架的3D对象运动,然后推断它来预测对象的运动。我们使用多平面图像(MPI)作为场景的3D表示,并将对象运动作为MPI表示中相应点之间的3D位移建模。为了在估计运动时处理MPI中的稀疏性,我们将部分卷积和掩盖的相关层纳入了相应的点。然后将预测的对象运动与给定的用户或相机运动集成在一起,以生成下一帧。使用不合格的填充模块,我们合成由于相机和对象运动而发现的区域。我们为动态场景的电视开发了一个新的合成数据集,该数据集由800个以全高清分辨率组成的视频组成。我们通过数据集和MPI Sintel数据集上的实验表明我们的模型优于文献中的所有竞争方法。
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新颖的视图合成(NVS)和视频预测(VP)通常被视为计算机视觉中的不相交任务。但是,它们都可以看作是观察空间时代世界的方法:NVS的目的是从新的角度综合一个场景,而副总裁则旨在从新的时间点观看场景。这两个任务提供了互补的信号以获得场景表示形式,因为观点从空间观察中变化为深度的变化,并且时间观察为相机和单个对象的运动提供了信息。受这些观察的启发,我们建议研究时空(背心)中视频外推的问题。我们提出了一个模型,该模型利用了两项任务的自学和互补线索,而现有方法只能解决其中之一。实验表明,我们的方法比室内和室外现实世界数据集上的几种最先进的NVS和VP方法更好地实现了性能。
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Figure 1: Our method can synthesize novel views in both space and time from a single monocular video of a dynamic scene. Here we show video results with various configurations of fixing and interpolating view and time (left), as well as a visualization of the recovered scene geometry (right). Please view with Adobe Acrobat or KDE Okular to see animations.
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A recent strand of work in view synthesis uses deep learning to generate multiplane images-a camera-centric, layered 3D representation-given two or more input images at known viewpoints. We apply this representation to singleview view synthesis, a problem which is more challenging but has potentially much wider application. Our method learns to predict a multiplane image directly from a single image input, and we introduce scale-invariant view synthesis for supervision, enabling us to train on online video. We show this approach is applicable to several different datasets, that it additionally generates reasonable depth maps, and that it learns to fill in content behind the edges of foreground objects in background layers.Project page at https://single-view-mpi.github.io/.
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用于运动中的人类的新型视图综合是一个具有挑战性的计算机视觉问题,使得诸如自由视视频之类的应用。现有方法通常使用具有多个输入视图,3D监控或预训练模型的复杂设置,这些模型不会概括为新标识。旨在解决这些限制,我们提出了一种新颖的视图综合框架,以从单视图传感器捕获的任何人的看法生成现实渲染,其具有稀疏的RGB-D,类似于低成本深度摄像头,而没有参与者特定的楷模。我们提出了一种架构来学习由基于球体的神经渲染获得的小说视图中的密集功能,并使用全局上下文修复模型创建完整的渲染。此外,增强剂网络利用了整体保真度,即使在原始视图中的遮挡区域中也能够产生细节的清晰渲染。我们展示了我们的方法为单个稀疏RGB-D输入产生高质量的合成和真实人体演员的新颖视图。它概括了看不见的身份,新的姿势,忠实地重建面部表情。我们的方法优于现有人体观测合成方法,并且对不同水平的输入稀疏性具有稳健性。
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虚拟现实(VR)耳机提供了一种身临其境的立体视觉体验,但以阻止用户直接观察其物理环境的代价。传递技术旨在通过利用向外的摄像头来重建否则没有耳机的用户可以看到的图像来解决此限制。这本质上是一个实时视图综合挑战,因为传递摄像机不能与眼睛进行物理共同。现有的通行技术会遭受分散重建工件的注意力,这主要是由于缺乏准确的深度信息(尤其是对于近场和分离的物体),并且表现出有限的图像质量(例如,低分辨率和单色)。在本文中,我们提出了第一种学习的传递方法,并使用包含立体声对RGB摄像机的自定义VR耳机评估其性能。通过模拟和实验,我们证明了我们所学的传递方法与最先进的方法相比提供了卓越的图像质量,同时满足了实时的,透视透视的立体视图综合的严格VR要求,从而在广泛的视野上综合用于桌面连接的耳机。
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We address the problem of synthesizing new video frames in an existing video, either in-between existing frames (interpolation), or subsequent to them (extrapolation). This problem is challenging because video appearance and motion can be highly complex. Traditional optical-flow-based solutions often fail where flow estimation is challenging, while newer neural-network-based methods that hallucinate pixel values directly often produce blurry results. We combine the advantages of these two methods by training a deep network that learns to synthesize video frames by flowing pixel values from existing ones, which we call deep voxel flow. Our method requires no human supervision, and any video can be used as training data by dropping, and then learning to predict, existing frames. The technique is efficient, and can be applied at any video resolution. We demonstrate that our method produces results that both quantitatively and qualitatively improve upon the state-ofthe-art.
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Representing and synthesizing novel views in real-world dynamic scenes from casual monocular videos is a long-standing problem. Existing solutions typically approach dynamic scenes by applying geometry techniques or utilizing temporal information between several adjacent frames without considering the underlying background distribution in the entire scene or the transmittance over the ray dimension, limiting their performance on static and occlusion areas. Our approach $\textbf{D}$istribution-$\textbf{D}$riven neural radiance fields offers high-quality view synthesis and a 3D solution to $\textbf{D}$etach the background from the entire $\textbf{D}$ynamic scene, which is called $\text{D}^4$NeRF. Specifically, it employs a neural representation to capture the scene distribution in the static background and a 6D-input NeRF to represent dynamic objects, respectively. Each ray sample is given an additional occlusion weight to indicate the transmittance lying in the static and dynamic components. We evaluate $\text{D}^4$NeRF on public dynamic scenes and our urban driving scenes acquired from an autonomous-driving dataset. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our approach outperforms previous methods in rendering texture details and motion areas while also producing a clean static background. Our code will be released at https://github.com/Luciferbobo/D4NeRF.
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不确定性在未来预测中起关键作用。未来是不确定的。这意味着可能有很多可能的未来。未来的预测方法应涵盖坚固的全部可能性。在自动驾驶中,涵盖预测部分中的多种模式对于做出安全至关重要的决策至关重要。尽管近年来计算机视觉系统已大大提高,但如今的未来预测仍然很困难。几个示例是未来的不确定性,全面理解的要求以及嘈杂的输出空间。在本论文中,我们通过以随机方式明确地对运动进行建模并学习潜在空间中的时间动态,从而提出了解决这些挑战的解决方案。
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Image view synthesis has seen great success in reconstructing photorealistic visuals, thanks to deep learning and various novel representations. The next key step in immersive virtual experiences is view synthesis of dynamic scenes. However, several challenges exist due to the lack of high-quality training datasets, and the additional time dimension for videos of dynamic scenes. To address this issue, we introduce a multi-view video dataset, captured with a custom 10-camera rig in 120FPS. The dataset contains 96 high-quality scenes showing various visual effects and human interactions in outdoor scenes. We develop a new algorithm, Deep 3D Mask Volume, which enables temporally-stable view extrapolation from binocular videos of dynamic scenes, captured by static cameras. Our algorithm addresses the temporal inconsistency of disocclusions by identifying the error-prone areas with a 3D mask volume, and replaces them with static background observed throughout the video. Our method enables manipulation in 3D space as opposed to simple 2D masks, We demonstrate better temporal stability than frame-by-frame static view synthesis methods, or those that use 2D masks. The resulting view synthesis videos show minimal flickering artifacts and allow for larger translational movements.
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Fast and easy handheld capture with guideline: closest object moves at most D pixels between views Promote sampled views to local light field via layered scene representation Blend neighboring local light fields to render novel views
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动态对象对机器人对环境的看法产生了重大影响,这降低了本地化和映射等基本任务的性能。在这项工作中,我们通过在由动态对象封闭的区域中合成合理的颜色,纹理和几何形状来解决这个问题。我们提出了一种新的几何感知Dynafill架构,其遵循粗略拓扑,并将我们所通用的经常性反馈机制结合到自适应地融合来自之前的时间步来的信息。我们使用对抗性培训来优化架构,以综合精细的现实纹理,使其能够以空间和时间相干的方式在线在线遮挡地区的幻觉和深度结构,而不依赖于未来的帧信息。将我们的待遇问题作为图像到图像到图像的翻译任务,我们的模型还纠正了与场景中动态对象的存在相关的区域,例如阴影或反射。我们引入了具有RGB-D图像,语义分段标签,摄像机的大型高估数据集,以及遮挡区域的地面RGB-D信息。广泛的定量和定性评估表明,即使在挑战天气条件下,我们的方法也能实现最先进的性能。此外,我们使用综合图像显示基于检索的视觉本地化的结果,该图像证明了我们方法的效用。
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代表具有多个半透明彩色图层的场景是实时新型视图合成的流行和成功的选择。现有方法在平面或球形的规则间隔层上推断颜色和透明度值。在这项工作中,我们介绍了一种基于多个半透明层的新视图综合方法,具有场景适应的几何形状。我们的方法在两个阶段中介绍了立体对的这些表示。第一阶段从给定的一对视图中缩小了少数数据自适应层的几何形状。第二阶段为这些层的颜色和透明度值产生了新颖的视图合成的最终表示。重要的是,两个阶段都通过可差异化的渲染器连接,并以端到端的方式训练。在实验中,我们展示了所提出的方法在使用定期间隔的层上的优势,没有适应场景几何形状。尽管在渲染过程中较快的数量次数,但我们的方法也优于基于隐式几何表示的最近提出的IBRNET系统。查看https://samsunglabs.github.io/stereolayers的结果。
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我们提出了一种便携式多型摄像头系统,该系统具有专用模型,用于动态场景中的新型视图和时间综合。我们的目标是使用我们的便携式多座相机从任何角度从任何角度出发为动态场景提供高质量的图像。为了实现这种新颖的观点和时间综合,我们开发了一个配备了五个相机的物理多型摄像头,以在时间和空间域中训练神经辐射场(NERF),以进行动态场景。我们的模型将6D坐标(3D空间位置,1D时间坐标和2D观看方向)映射到观看依赖性且随时间变化的发射辐射和体积密度。量渲染用于在指定的相机姿势和时间上渲染光真实的图像。为了提高物理相机的鲁棒性,我们提出了一个摄像机参数优化模块和一个时间框架插值模块,以促进跨时间的信息传播。我们对现实世界和合成数据集进行了实验以评估我们的系统,结果表明,我们的方法在定性和定量上优于替代解决方案。我们的代码和数据集可从https://yuenfuilau.github.io获得。
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https://video-nerf.github.io Figure 1. Our method takes a single casually captured video as input and learns a space-time neural irradiance field. (Top) Sample frames from the input video. (Middle) Novel view images rendered from textured meshes constructed from depth maps. (Bottom) Our results rendered from the proposed space-time neural irradiance field.
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我们介绍了Fadiv-Syn,一种快速深入的新型观点合成方法。相关方法通常受到它们的深度估计阶段的限制,其中不正确的深度预测可能导致大的投影误差。为避免此问题,我们将输入图像有效地将输入图像呈现为目标帧,以为一系列假定的深度平面。得到的平面扫描量(PSV)直接进入我们的网络,首先以自我监督的方式估计软PSV掩模,然后直接产生新颖的输出视图。因此,我们侧行显式深度估计。这提高了透明,反光,薄,特色场景部件上的效率和性能。 Fadiv-syn可以在大规模Realestate10K数据集上执行插值和外推任务,优于最先进的外推方法。与可比方法相比,它由于其轻量级架构而实现了实时性能。我们彻底评估消融,例如去除软掩蔽网络,从更少的示例中培训以及更高的分辨率和更强深度离散化的概括。
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本文旨在减少透明辐射场的渲染时间。一些最近的作品用图像编码器配备了神经辐射字段,能够跨越场景概括,这避免了每场景优化。但是,它们的渲染过程通常很慢。主要因素是,在推断辐射场时,它们在空间中的大量点。在本文中,我们介绍了一个混合场景表示,它结合了最佳的隐式辐射场和显式深度映射,以便有效渲染。具体地,我们首先构建级联成本量,以有效地预测场景的粗糙几何形状。粗糙几何允许我们在场景表面附近的几个点来样,并显着提高渲染速度。该过程是完全可疑的,使我们能够仅从RGB图像共同学习深度预测和辐射现场网络。实验表明,该方法在DTU,真正的前瞻性和NERF合成数据集上展示了最先进的性能,而不是比以前的最可推广的辐射现场方法快至少50倍。我们还展示了我们的方法实时综合动态人类执行者的自由观点视频。代码将在https://zju3dv.github.io/enerf/处提供。
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Recent work has shown that optical flow estimation can be formulated as a supervised learning task and can be successfully solved with convolutional networks. Training of the so-called FlowNet was enabled by a large synthetically generated dataset. The present paper extends the concept of optical flow estimation via convolutional networks to disparity and scene flow estimation. To this end, we propose three synthetic stereo video datasets with sufficient realism, variation, and size to successfully train large networks. Our datasets are the first large-scale datasets to enable training and evaluating scene flow methods. Besides the datasets, we present a convolutional network for real-time disparity estimation that provides state-of-the-art results. By combining a flow and disparity estimation network and training it jointly, we demonstrate the first scene flow estimation with a convolutional network.
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We propose GeoNet, a jointly unsupervised learning framework for monocular depth, optical flow and egomotion estimation from videos. The three components are coupled by the nature of 3D scene geometry, jointly learned by our framework in an end-to-end manner. Specifically, geometric relationships are extracted over the predictions of individual modules and then combined as an image reconstruction loss, reasoning about static and dynamic scene parts separately. Furthermore, we propose an adaptive geometric consistency loss to increase robustness towards outliers and non-Lambertian regions, which resolves occlusions and texture ambiguities effectively. Experimentation on the KITTI driving dataset reveals that our scheme achieves state-of-the-art results in all of the three tasks, performing better than previously unsupervised methods and comparably with supervised ones.
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