现实世界视频超分辨率(VSR)降解的多样性和复杂性构成了推理和培训中的非琐碎挑战。首先,虽然长期繁殖导致在轻度降解的情况下提高性能,但通过传播可以夸大严重的野外降解,损害输出质量。为了平衡细节合成和工件抑制之间的权衡,我们发现在传播之前减少噪声和伪像的图像预清洁阶段。我们的RealBasicVSR配备了精心设计的清洁模块,以质量和效率为现有的现有方法。其次,现实世界的VSR模型通常受到多样化的培训,以提高普遍性,需要增加批量尺寸以产生稳定的梯度。不可避免地,增加的计算负担导致各种问题,包括1)速度 - 性能权衡和2)批量长期权衡。为了缓解第一个权衡,我们提出了一种随机退化计划,可在不牺牲性能的情况下减少高达40%的培训时间。然后,我们分析了不同的训练环境,并建议在训练期间使用更长的序列而不是较大的批次,允许更有效的时间信息使用,导致推论期间的性能更稳定。为了便于公平的比较,我们提出了新的Videolq数据集,其中包含含有丰富纹理和模式的大量现实较低的视频序列。我们的数据集可以作为基准测试的共同点。代码,模型和数据集将公开可用。
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本文研究了动画视频的现实世界视频超分辨率(VSR)的问题,并揭示了实用动画VSR的三个关键改进。首先,最近的现实世界超分辨率方法通常依赖于使用基本运算符的降解模拟,而没有任何学习能力,例如模糊,噪声和压缩。在这项工作中,我们建议从真正的低质量动画视频中学习此类基本操作员,并将学习的操作员纳入降级生成管道中。这样的基于神经网络的基本操作员可以帮助更好地捕获实际降解的分布。其次,大规模的高质量动画视频数据集AVC构建,以促进动画VSR的全面培训和评估。第三,我们进一步研究了有效的多尺度网络结构。它利用单向复发网络的效率以及基于滑动窗口的方法的有效性。多亏了上述精致的设计,我们的方法Animesr能够有效,有效地恢复现实世界中的低质量动画视频,从而实现优于以前的最先进方法。
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现有的视频denoising方法通常假设嘈杂的视频通过添加高斯噪声从干净的视频中降低。但是,经过这种降解假设训练的深层模型将不可避免地导致由于退化不匹配而导致的真实视频的性能差。尽管一些研究试图在摄像机捕获的嘈杂和无噪声视频对上训练深层模型,但此类模型只能对特定的相机很好地工作,并且对其他视频的推广不佳。在本文中,我们建议提高此限制,并专注于一般真实视频的问题,目的是在看不见的现实世界视频上概括。我们首先调查视频噪音的共同行为来解决这个问题,并观察两个重要特征:1)缩减有助于降低空间空间中的噪声水平; 2)来自相邻框架的信息有助于消除时间上的当前框架的噪声空间。在这两个观察结果的推动下,我们通过充分利用上述两个特征提出了多尺度的复发架构。其次,我们通过随机调整不同的噪声类型来训练Denoising模型来提出合成真实的噪声降解模型。借助合成和丰富的降解空间,我们的退化模型可以帮助弥合训练数据和现实世界数据之间的分布差距。广泛的实验表明,与现有方法相比,我们所提出的方法实现了最先进的性能和更好的概括能力,而在合成高斯denoising和实用的真实视频denoisising方面都具有现有方法。
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我们表明,诸如Stylegan和Biggan之类的预训练的生成对抗网络(GAN)可以用作潜在银行,以提高图像超分辨率的性能。尽管大多数现有面向感知的方法试图通过以对抗性损失学习来产生现实的产出,但我们的方法,即生成的潜在银行(GLEAN),通过直接利用预先训练的gan封装的丰富而多样的先验来超越现有实践。但是,与需要在运行时需要昂贵的图像特定优化的普遍的GAN反演方法不同,我们的方法只需要单个前向通行证才能修复。可以轻松地将Glean合并到具有多分辨率Skip连接的简单编码器银行decoder架构中。采用来自不同生成模型的先验,可以将收集到各种类别(例如人的面孔,猫,建筑物和汽车)。我们进一步提出了一个轻巧的Glean,名为Lightglean,该版本仅保留Glean中的关键组成部分。值得注意的是,Lightglean仅由21%的参数和35%的拖鞋组成,同时达到可比的图像质量。我们将方法扩展到不同的任务,包括图像着色和盲图恢复,广泛的实验表明,与现有方法相比,我们提出的模型表现出色。代码和模型可在https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmediting上找到。
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Video Super-Resolution (VSR) aims to restore high-resolution (HR) videos from low-resolution (LR) videos. Existing VSR techniques usually recover HR frames by extracting pertinent textures from nearby frames with known degradation processes. Despite significant progress, grand challenges are remained to effectively extract and transmit high-quality textures from high-degraded low-quality sequences, such as blur, additive noises, and compression artifacts. In this work, a novel Frequency-Transformer (FTVSR) is proposed for handling low-quality videos that carry out self-attention in a combined space-time-frequency domain. First, video frames are split into patches and each patch is transformed into spectral maps in which each channel represents a frequency band. It permits a fine-grained self-attention on each frequency band, so that real visual texture can be distinguished from artifacts. Second, a novel dual frequency attention (DFA) mechanism is proposed to capture the global frequency relations and local frequency relations, which can handle different complicated degradation processes in real-world scenarios. Third, we explore different self-attention schemes for video processing in the frequency domain and discover that a ``divided attention'' which conducts a joint space-frequency attention before applying temporal-frequency attention, leads to the best video enhancement quality. Extensive experiments on three widely-used VSR datasets show that FTVSR outperforms state-of-the-art methods on different low-quality videos with clear visual margins. Code and pre-trained models are available at https://github.com/researchmm/FTVSR.
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Video super-resolution (VSR) aiming to reconstruct a high-resolution (HR) video from its low-resolution (LR) counterpart has made tremendous progress in recent years. However, it remains challenging to deploy existing VSR methods to real-world data with complex degradations. On the one hand, there are few well-aligned real-world VSR datasets, especially with large super-resolution scale factors, which limits the development of real-world VSR tasks. On the other hand, alignment algorithms in existing VSR methods perform poorly for real-world videos, leading to unsatisfactory results. As an attempt to address the aforementioned issues, we build a real-world 4 VSR dataset, namely MVSR4$\times$, where low- and high-resolution videos are captured with different focal length lenses of a smartphone, respectively. Moreover, we propose an effective alignment method for real-world VSR, namely EAVSR. EAVSR takes the proposed multi-layer adaptive spatial transform network (MultiAdaSTN) to refine the offsets provided by the pre-trained optical flow estimation network. Experimental results on RealVSR and MVSR4$\times$ datasets show the effectiveness and practicality of our method, and we achieve state-of-the-art performance in real-world VSR task. The dataset and code will be publicly available.
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夜间摄影通常由于昏暗的环境和长期使用而遭受弱光和模糊问题。尽管现有的光增强和脱毛方法可以单独解决每个问题,但一系列此类方法不能和谐地适应可见性和纹理的共同降解。训练端到端网络也是不可行的,因为没有配对数据可以表征低光和模糊的共存。我们通过引入新的数据合成管道来解决该问题,该管道对现实的低光模糊降解进行建模。使用管道,我们介绍了第一个用于关节低光增强和去皮的大型数据集。数据集,LOL-BLUR,包含12,000个低Blur/正常出现的对,在不同的情况下具有不同的黑暗和运动模糊。我们进一步提出了一个名为LEDNET的有效网络,以执行关节弱光增强和脱毛。我们的网络是独一无二的,因为它是专门设计的,目的是考虑两个相互连接的任务之间的协同作用。拟议的数据集和网络都为这项具有挑战性的联合任务奠定了基础。广泛的实验证明了我们方法对合成和现实数据集的有效性。
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The recurrent structure is a prevalent framework for the task of video super-resolution, which models the temporal dependency between frames via hidden states. When applied to real-world scenarios with unknown and complex degradations, hidden states tend to contain unpleasant artifacts and propagate them to restored frames. In this circumstance, our analyses show that such artifacts can be largely alleviated when the hidden state is replaced with a cleaner counterpart. Based on the observations, we propose a Hidden State Attention (HSA) module to mitigate artifacts in real-world video super-resolution. Specifically, we first adopt various cheap filters to produce a hidden state pool. For example, Gaussian blur filters are for smoothing artifacts while sharpening filters are for enhancing details. To aggregate a new hidden state that contains fewer artifacts from the hidden state pool, we devise a Selective Cross Attention (SCA) module, in which the attention between input features and each hidden state is calculated. Equipped with HSA, our proposed method, namely FastRealVSR, is able to achieve 2x speedup while obtaining better performance than Real-BasicVSR. Codes will be available at https://github.com/TencentARC/FastRealVSR
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由于大气湍流的扭曲而恢复图像是一个长期存在的问题,这是由于变形的空间变化,图像形成过程的非线性以及训练和测试数据的稀缺性。现有方法通常在失真模型上具有强大的统计假设,在许多情况下,由于没有概括,因此在现实世界中的性能有限。为了克服挑战,本文提出了一种端到端物理驱动的方法,该方法有效,可以推广到现实世界的湍流。在数据合成方面,我们通过通过宽sense式的平稳性近似随机场来显着增加SOTA湍流模拟器可以处理的图像分辨率。新的数据合成过程使大规模的多级湍流和训练的地面真相对产生。在网络设计方面,我们提出了湍流缓解变压器(TMT),这是一个两级U-NET形状的多帧恢复网络,该网络具有Noval有效的自发机制,称为暂时通道关节关注(TCJA)。我们还引入了一种新的培训方案,该方案由新的模拟器启用,并设计新的变压器单元以减少内存消耗。在静态场景和动态场景上的实验结果是有希望的,包括各种真实的湍流场景。
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长期信息的开发一直是视频恢复的一个长期问题。最近的BASICVSR和BASICVSR ++通过长期传播和有效的对齐方式在视频超分辨率方面表现出色。他们的成功导致了一个问题,即是否可以将它们转移到不同的视频修复任务中。在这项工作中,我们将BASICVSR ++扩展到用于视频恢复任务的通用框架。在输入和输出具有相同空间尺寸的任务中,输入分辨率通过稳定的卷积以维持效率而降低。只有从BASICVSR ++进行的最小变化,所提出的框架在各种视频恢复任务中都具有出色的效率,包括视频Deblurring和DeNoising。值得注意的是,BASICVSR ++的性能与基于变压器的方法相当,最多占参数降低和44倍加速的79%。有希望的结果表明,不仅仅是视频超级分辨率,在视频恢复任务中传播和对齐的重要性。代码和型号可在https://github.com/ckkelvinchan/basicvsr_plusplus上找到。
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现实世界图像超分辨率(SR)的关键挑战是在低分辨率(LR)图像中恢复具有复杂未知降解(例如,下采样,噪声和压缩)的缺失细节。大多数以前的作品还原图像空间中的此类缺失细节。为了应对自然图像的高度多样性,他们要么依靠难以训练和容易训练和伪影的不稳定的甘体,要么诉诸于通常不可用的高分辨率(HR)图像中的明确参考。在这项工作中,我们提出了匹配SR(FEMASR)的功能,该功能在更紧凑的特征空间中恢复了现实的HR图像。与图像空间方法不同,我们的FEMASR通过将扭曲的LR图像{\ IT特征}与我们预读的HR先验中的无失真性HR对应物匹配来恢复HR图像,并解码匹配的功能以获得现实的HR图像。具体而言,我们的人力资源先验包含一个离散的特征代码簿及其相关的解码器,它们在使用量化的生成对抗网络(VQGAN)的HR图像上预估计。值得注意的是,我们在VQGAN中结合了一种新型的语义正则化,以提高重建图像的质量。对于功能匹配,我们首先提取由LR编码器组成的LR编码器的LR功能,然后遵循简单的最近邻居策略,将其与预读的代码簿匹配。特别是,我们为LR编码器配备了与解码器的残留快捷方式连接,这对于优化功能匹配损耗至关重要,还有助于补充可能的功能匹配错误。实验结果表明,我们的方法比以前的方法产生更现实的HR图像。代码以\ url {https://github.com/chaofengc/femasr}发布。
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Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNNs) have exhibited impressive performance on image super-resolution tasks. However, these deep learning-based super-resolution methods perform poorly in real-world super-resolution tasks, where the paired high-resolution and low-resolution images are unavailable and the low-resolution images are degraded by complicated and unknown kernels. To break these limitations, we propose the Unsupervised Bi-directional Cycle Domain Transfer Learning-based Generative Adversarial Network (UBCDTL-GAN), which consists of an Unsupervised Bi-directional Cycle Domain Transfer Network (UBCDTN) and the Semantic Encoder guided Super Resolution Network (SESRN). First, the UBCDTN is able to produce an approximated real-like LR image through transferring the LR image from an artificially degraded domain to the real-world LR image domain. Second, the SESRN has the ability to super-resolve the approximated real-like LR image to a photo-realistic HR image. Extensive experiments on unpaired real-world image benchmark datasets demonstrate that the proposed method achieves superior performance compared to state-of-the-art methods.
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在本文中,我们考虑了基于参考的超分辨率(REFSR)中的两个具有挑战性的问题,(i)如何选择适当的参考图像,以及(ii)如何以一种自我监督的方式学习真实世界RefSR。特别是,我们从双摄像头Zooms(SelfDZSR)观察到现实世界图像SR的新颖的自我监督学习方法。考虑到多台相机在现代智能手机中的普及,可以自然利用越来越多的缩放(远摄)图像作为指导较小的变焦(短对焦)图像的SR。此外,SelfDZSR学习了一个深层网络,以获得短对焦图像的SR结果,以具有与远摄图像相同的分辨率。为此,我们将远摄图像而不是其他高分辨率图像作为监督信息,然后从中选择中心贴片作为对相应的短对焦图像补丁的引用。为了减轻短对焦低分辨率(LR)图像和远摄地面真相(GT)图像之间未对准的影响,我们设计了辅助LR发电机,并将GT映射到辅助LR,同时保持空间位置不变。 。然后,可以利用辅助-LR通过建议的自适应空间变压器网络(ADASTN)将LR特征变形,并将REF特征与GT匹配。在测试过程中,可以直接部署SelfDZSR,以使用远摄映像的引用来超级解决整个短对焦图像。实验表明,我们的方法可以针对最先进的方法实现更好的定量和定性性能。代码可在https://github.com/cszhilu1998/selfdzsr上找到。
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虽然最近基于模型的盲目单图像超分辨率(SISR)的研究已经取得了巨大的成功,但大多数人都不认为图像劣化。首先,它们总是假设图像噪声obeys独立和相同分布的(i.i.d.)高斯或拉普拉斯分布,这在很大程度上低估了真实噪音的复杂性。其次,以前的常用核前沿(例如,归一化,稀疏性)不足以保证理性内核解决方案,从而退化后续SISR任务的性能。为了解决上述问题,本文提出了一种基于模型的盲人SISR方法,该方法在概率框架下,从噪声和模糊内核的角度精心模仿图像劣化。具体而言,而不是传统的i.i.d.噪声假设,基于补丁的非i.i.d。提出噪声模型来解决复杂的真实噪声,期望增加噪声表示模型的自由度。至于模糊内核,我们新建构建一个简洁但有效的内核生成器,并将其插入所提出的盲人SISR方法作为明确的内核(EKP)。为了解决所提出的模型,专门设计了理论上接地的蒙特卡罗EM算法。综合实验证明了我们对综合性和实时数据集的最新技术的方法的优越性。
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使用现代智能手机摄像机的夜成像由于光子计数低和成像系统中不可避免的噪声而变得麻烦。直接调整曝光时间和ISO等级在弱光条件下无法同时获得锋利和无噪声图像。尽管已经提出了许多方法来增强嘈杂或模糊的夜晚图像,但由于两个主要原因,它们在现实世界中的照片仍然不令人满意:1)单个图像中的信息有限和2)合成训练图像和真实图像之间的域间隙 - 世界照片(例如,模糊区域和分辨率的差异)。为了利用连续的长期和短曝光图像中的信息,我们提出了一条基于学习的管道来融合它们。开发了D2HNET框架,以通过在短期曝光图像的指导下脱毛和增强长期暴露图像来恢复高质量的图像。为了缩小域间隙,我们利用了两相deblernet-enhancenet架构,该体系结构在固定的低分辨率上执行准确的模糊去除,以便能够在不同的分辨率输入中处理大范围模糊。此外,我们从HD视频中合成了D2数据,并在其上进行了实验。验证集和真实照片的结果表明,我们的方法获得了更好的视觉质量和最先进的定量分数。可以在https://github.com/zhaoyuzhi/d2hnet上找到D2HNET代码,模型和D2-DATASET。
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Face Restoration (FR) aims to restore High-Quality (HQ) faces from Low-Quality (LQ) input images, which is a domain-specific image restoration problem in the low-level computer vision area. The early face restoration methods mainly use statistic priors and degradation models, which are difficult to meet the requirements of real-world applications in practice. In recent years, face restoration has witnessed great progress after stepping into the deep learning era. However, there are few works to study deep learning-based face restoration methods systematically. Thus, this paper comprehensively surveys recent advances in deep learning techniques for face restoration. Specifically, we first summarize different problem formulations and analyze the characteristic of the face image. Second, we discuss the challenges of face restoration. Concerning these challenges, we present a comprehensive review of existing FR methods, including prior based methods and deep learning-based methods. Then, we explore developed techniques in the task of FR covering network architectures, loss functions, and benchmark datasets. We also conduct a systematic benchmark evaluation on representative methods. Finally, we discuss future directions, including network designs, metrics, benchmark datasets, applications,etc. We also provide an open-source repository for all the discussed methods, which is available at https://github.com/TaoWangzj/Awesome-Face-Restoration.
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低光图像增强(LLIE)旨在提高在环境中捕获的图像的感知或解释性,较差的照明。该领域的最新进展由基于深度学习的解决方案为主,其中许多学习策略,网络结构,丢失功能,培训数据等已被采用。在本文中,我们提供了全面的调查,以涵盖从算法分类到开放问题的各个方面。为了检查现有方法的概括,我们提出了一个低光图像和视频数据集,其中图像和视频是在不同的照明条件下的不同移动电话的相机拍摄的。除此之外,我们首次提供统一的在线平台,涵盖许多流行的LLIE方法,其中结果可以通过用户友好的Web界面生产。除了在公开和我们拟议的数据集上对现有方法的定性和定量评估外,我们还验证了他们在黑暗中的脸部检测中的表现。这项调查与拟议的数据集和在线平台一起作为未来研究的参考来源和促进该研究领域的发展。拟议的平台和数据集以及收集的方法,数据集和评估指标是公开可用的,并将经常更新。
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我们提出了一个视频生成模型,该模型可以准确地重现对象运动,摄像头视图的变化以及随着时间的推移而产生的新内容。现有的视频生成方法通常无法生成新内容作为时间的函数,同时保持在真实环境中预期的一致性,例如合理的动态和对象持久性。一个常见的故障情况是,由于过度依赖归纳偏见而提供时间一致性,因此内容永远不会改变,例如单个潜在代码决定整个视频的内容。在另一个极端情况下,没有长期一致性,生成的视频可能会在不同场景之间不切实际。为了解决这些限制,我们通过重新设计暂时的潜在表示并通过较长的视频培训从数据中学习长期一致性来优先考虑时间轴。为此,我们利用了两阶段的培训策略,在该策略中,我们以低分辨率和高分辨率的较短视频分别训练了较长的视频。为了评估模型的功能,我们介绍了两个新的基准数据集,并明确关注长期时间动态。
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Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based image super-resolution (SR) has exhibited impressive success on known degraded low-resolution (LR) images. However, this type of approach is hard to hold its performance in practical scenarios when the degradation process is unknown. Despite existing blind SR methods proposed to solve this problem using blur kernel estimation, the perceptual quality and reconstruction accuracy are still unsatisfactory. In this paper, we analyze the degradation of a high-resolution (HR) image from image intrinsic components according to a degradation-based formulation model. We propose a components decomposition and co-optimization network (CDCN) for blind SR. Firstly, CDCN decomposes the input LR image into structure and detail components in feature space. Then, the mutual collaboration block (MCB) is presented to exploit the relationship between both two components. In this way, the detail component can provide informative features to enrich the structural context and the structure component can carry structural context for better detail revealing via a mutual complementary manner. After that, we present a degradation-driven learning strategy to jointly supervise the HR image detail and structure restoration process. Finally, a multi-scale fusion module followed by an upsampling layer is designed to fuse the structure and detail features and perform SR reconstruction. Empowered by such degradation-based components decomposition, collaboration, and mutual optimization, we can bridge the correlation between component learning and degradation modelling for blind SR, thereby producing SR results with more accurate textures. Extensive experiments on both synthetic SR datasets and real-world images show that the proposed method achieves the state-of-the-art performance compared to existing methods.
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Motion blur from camera shake is a major problem in videos captured by hand-held devices. Unlike single-image deblurring, video-based approaches can take advantage of the abundant information that exists across neighboring frames. As a result the best performing methods rely on the alignment of nearby frames. However, aligning images is a computationally expensive and fragile procedure, and methods that aggregate information must therefore be able to identify which regions have been accurately aligned and which have not, a task that requires high level scene understanding. In this work, we introduce a deep learning solution to video deblurring, where a CNN is trained end-toend to learn how to accumulate information across frames. To train this network, we collected a dataset of real videos recorded with a high frame rate camera, which we use to generate synthetic motion blur for supervision. We show that the features learned from this dataset extend to deblurring motion blur that arises due to camera shake in a wide range of videos, and compare the quality of results to a number of other baselines 1 .
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