Change detection (CD) aims to detect change regions within an image pair captured at different times, playing a significant role in diverse real-world applications. Nevertheless, most of the existing works focus on designing advanced network architectures to map the feature difference to the final change map while ignoring the influence of the quality of the feature difference. In this paper, we study the CD from a different perspective, i.e., how to optimize the feature difference to highlight changes and suppress unchanged regions, and propose a novel module denoted as iterative difference-enhanced transformers (IDET). IDET contains three transformers: two transformers for extracting the long-range information of the two images and one transformer for enhancing the feature difference. In contrast to the previous transformers, the third transformer takes the outputs of the first two transformers to guide the enhancement of the feature difference iteratively. To achieve more effective refinement, we further propose the multi-scale IDET-based change detection that uses multi-scale representations of the images for multiple feature difference refinements and proposes a coarse-to-fine fusion strategy to combine all refinements. Our final CD method outperforms seven state-of-the-art methods on six large-scale datasets under diverse application scenarios, which demonstrates the importance of feature difference enhancements and the effectiveness of IDET.
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Change detection (CD) is to decouple object changes (i.e., object missing or appearing) from background changes (i.e., environment variations) like light and season variations in two images captured in the same scene over a long time span, presenting critical applications in disaster management, urban development, etc. In particular, the endless patterns of background changes require detectors to have a high generalization against unseen environment variations, making this task significantly challenging. Recent deep learning-based methods develop novel network architectures or optimization strategies with paired-training examples, which do not handle the generalization issue explicitly and require huge manual pixel-level annotation efforts. In this work, for the first attempt in the CD community, we study the generalization issue of CD from the perspective of data augmentation and develop a novel weakly supervised training algorithm that only needs image-level labels. Different from general augmentation techniques for classification, we propose the background-mixed augmentation that is specifically designed for change detection by augmenting examples under the guidance of a set of background-changing images and letting deep CD models see diverse environment variations. Moreover, we propose the augmented & real data consistency loss that encourages the generalization increase significantly. Our method as a general framework can enhance a wide range of existing deep learning-based detectors. We conduct extensive experiments in two public datasets and enhance four state-of-the-art methods, demonstrating the advantages of our method. We release the code at https://github.com/tsingqguo/bgmix.
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Deep learning based change detection methods have received wide attentoion, thanks to their strong capability in obtaining rich features from images. However, existing AI-based CD methods largely rely on three functionality-enhancing modules, i.e., semantic enhancement, attention mechanisms, and correspondence enhancement. The stacking of these modules leads to great model complexity. To unify these three modules into a simple pipeline, we introduce Relational Change Detection Transformer (RCDT), a novel and simple framework for remote sensing change detection tasks. The proposed RCDT consists of three major components, a weight-sharing Siamese Backbone to obtain bi-temporal features, a Relational Cross Attention Module (RCAM) that implements offset cross attention to obtain bi-temporal relation-aware features, and a Features Constrain Module (FCM) to achieve the final refined predictions with high-resolution constraints. Extensive experiments on four different publically available datasets suggest that our proposed RCDT exhibits superior change detection performance compared with other competing methods. The therotical, methodogical, and experimental knowledge of this study is expected to benefit future change detection efforts that involve the cross attention mechanism.
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Change detection (CD) aims to find the difference between two images at different times and outputs a change map to represent whether the region has changed or not. To achieve a better result in generating the change map, many State-of-The-Art (SoTA) methods design a deep learning model that has a powerful discriminative ability. However, these methods still get lower performance because they ignore spatial information and scaling changes between objects, giving rise to blurry or wrong boundaries. In addition to these, they also neglect the interactive information of two different images. To alleviate these problems, we propose our network, the Scale and Relation-Aware Siamese Network (SARAS-Net) to deal with this issue. In this paper, three modules are proposed that include relation-aware, scale-aware, and cross-transformer to tackle the problem of scene change detection more effectively. To verify our model, we tested three public datasets, including LEVIR-CD, WHU-CD, and DSFIN, and obtained SoTA accuracy. Our code is available at https://github.com/f64051041/SARAS-Net.
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本文介绍了一种基于变压器的暹罗网络架构(由Cradiformer缩写),用于从一对共同登记的遥感图像改变检测(CD)。与最近的CD框架不同,该CD框架基于完全卷积的网络(CoundNets),该方法将具有多层感知(MLP)解码器的分层结构化变压器编码器统一,以暹罗网络架构中的多层感知器,以有效地呈现所需的多尺度远程详细信息用于准确的CD。两个CD数据集上的实验表明,所提出的端到端培训变换器架构比以前的同行实现更好的CD性能。我们的代码可在https://github.com/wgcban/changeFormer获得。
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使用遥感图像进行建筑检测和变更检测可以帮助城市和救援计划。此外,它们可用于自然灾害后的建筑损害评估。当前,大多数用于建筑物检测的现有模型仅使用一个图像(预拆架图像)来检测建筑物。这是基于这样的想法:由于存在被破坏的建筑物,后沙仪图像降低了模型的性能。在本文中,我们提出了一种称为暹罗形式的暹罗模型,该模型使用前和垃圾后图像作为输入。我们的模型有两个编码器,并具有分层变压器体系结构。两个编码器中每个阶段的输出都以特征融合的方式给予特征融合,以从disasaster图像生成查询,并且(键,值)是从disasaster图像中生成的。为此,在特征融合中也考虑了时间特征。在特征融合中使用颞变压器的另一个优点是,与CNN相比,它们可以更好地维持由变压器编码器产生的大型接受场。最后,在每个阶段,将颞变压器的输出输入简单的MLP解码器。在XBD和WHU数据集上评估了暹罗形式模型,用于构建检测以及Levir-CD和CDD数据集,以进行更改检测,并可以胜过最新的。
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Change detection (CD) is an essential earth observation technique. It captures the dynamic information of land objects. With the rise of deep learning, convolutional neural networks (CNN) have shown great potential in CD. However, current CNN models introduce backbone architectures that lose detailed information during learning. Moreover, current CNN models are heavy in parameters, which prevents their deployment on edge devices such as UAVs. In this work, we tackle this issue by proposing RDP-Net: a region detail preserving network for CD. We propose an efficient training strategy that constructs the training tasks during the warmup period of CNN training and lets the CNN learn from easy to hard. The training strategy enables CNN to learn more powerful features with fewer FLOPs and achieve better performance. Next, we propose an effective edge loss that increases the penalty for errors on details and improves the network's attention to details such as boundary regions and small areas. Furthermore, we provide a CNN model with a brand new backbone that achieves the state-of-the-art empirical performance in CD with only 1.70M parameters. We hope our RDP-Net would benefit the practical CD applications on compact devices and could inspire more people to bring change detection to a new level with the efficient training strategy. The code and models are publicly available at https://github.com/Chnja/RDPNet.
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变更检测(CD)旨在识别在不同时间拍摄的图像对中发生的变化。先前的方法从头开始设计特定的网络,以预测像素级别中的更改口罩,并与一般分割问题斗争。在本文中,我们提出了一种新的范式,该范式将CD降低到语义分割,这意味着调整现有且强大的语义分割网络以求解CD。这种新的范式方便地享受主流语义分割技术,以解决CD中的一般细分问题。因此,我们可以集中精力研究如何检测变化。我们提出了一种新颖而重要的见解,即CD中存在不同的变化类型,应分别学习它们。基于它,我们设计了一个名为MTF的模块来提取更改信息和融合时间功能。 MTF具有高解释性,并揭示了CD的基本特征。并且大多数分割网络都可以通过我们的MTF模块来解决CD问题。最后,我们提出了C-3PO,该网络可检测像素级别的变化。 C-3PO在没有铃铛和哨子的情况下实现最先进的表现。它很简单但有效,可以被视为该领域的新基线。我们的代码将可用。
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在过去的十年中,基于深度学习的算法在遥感图像分析的不同领域中广泛流行。最近,最初在自然语言处理中引入的基于变形金刚的体系结构遍布计算机视觉领域,在该字段中,自我发挥的机制已被用作替代流行的卷积操作员来捕获长期依赖性。受到计算机视觉的最新进展的启发,遥感社区还见证了对各种任务的视觉变压器的探索。尽管许多调查都集中在计算机视觉中的变压器上,但据我们所知,我们是第一个对基于遥感中变压器的最新进展进行系统评价的人。我们的调查涵盖了60多种基于变形金刚的60多种方法,用于遥感子方面的不同遥感问题:非常高分辨率(VHR),高光谱(HSI)和合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像。我们通过讨论遥感中变压器的不同挑战和开放问题来结束调查。此外,我们打算在遥感论文中频繁更新和维护最新的变压器,及其各自的代码:https://github.com/virobo-15/transformer-in-in-remote-sensing
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伪装的对象检测(COD)旨在识别自然场景中隐藏自己的物体。准确的COD遭受了许多与低边界对比度有关的挑战,并且对象出现(例如对象大小和形状)的较大变化。为了应对这些挑战,我们提出了一种新颖的背景感知跨层次融合网络(C2F-net),该网络融合了上下文感知的跨级特征,以准确识别伪装的对象。具体而言,我们通过注意力诱导的跨融合模块(ACFM)来计算来自多级特征的内容丰富的注意系数,该模块(ACFM)进一步在注意系数的指导下进一步集成了特征。然后,我们提出了一个双分支全局上下文模块(DGCM),以通过利用丰富的全球上下文信息来完善内容丰富的功能表示的融合功能。多个ACFM和DGCM以级联的方式集成,以产生高级特征的粗略预测。粗糙的预测充当了注意力图,以完善低级特征,然后再将其传递到我们的伪装推断模块(CIM)以生成最终预测。我们对三个广泛使用的基准数据集进行了广泛的实验,并将C2F-NET与最新模型(SOTA)模型进行比较。结果表明,C2F-NET是一种有效的COD模型,并且表现出明显的SOTA模型。此外,对息肉细分数据集的评估证明了我们在COD下游应用程序中C2F-NET的有希望的潜力。我们的代码可在以下网址公开获取:https://github.com/ben57882/c2fnet-tscvt。
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Camouflaged object detection (COD) aims to detect/segment camouflaged objects embedded in the environment, which has attracted increasing attention over the past decades. Although several COD methods have been developed, they still suffer from unsatisfactory performance due to the intrinsic similarities between the foreground objects and background surroundings. In this paper, we propose a novel Feature Aggregation and Propagation Network (FAP-Net) for camouflaged object detection. Specifically, we propose a Boundary Guidance Module (BGM) to explicitly model the boundary characteristic, which can provide boundary-enhanced features to boost the COD performance. To capture the scale variations of the camouflaged objects, we propose a Multi-scale Feature Aggregation Module (MFAM) to characterize the multi-scale information from each layer and obtain the aggregated feature representations. Furthermore, we propose a Cross-level Fusion and Propagation Module (CFPM). In the CFPM, the feature fusion part can effectively integrate the features from adjacent layers to exploit the cross-level correlations, and the feature propagation part can transmit valuable context information from the encoder to the decoder network via a gate unit. Finally, we formulate a unified and end-to-end trainable framework where cross-level features can be effectively fused and propagated for capturing rich context information. Extensive experiments on three benchmark camouflaged datasets demonstrate that our FAP-Net outperforms other state-of-the-art COD models. Moreover, our model can be extended to the polyp segmentation task, and the comparison results further validate the effectiveness of the proposed model in segmenting polyps. The source code and results will be released at https://github.com/taozh2017/FAPNet.
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表面缺陷检测是确保工业产品质量的极其至关重要的步骤。如今,基于编码器架构的卷积神经网络(CNN)在各种缺陷检测任务中取得了巨大的成功。然而,由于卷积的内在局部性,它们通常在明确建模长距离相互作用时表现出限制,这对于复杂情况下的像素缺陷检测至关重要,例如杂乱的背景和难以辨认的伪缺陷。最近的变压器尤其擅长学习全球图像依赖性,但对于详细的缺陷位置所需的本地结构信息有限。为了克服上述局限性,我们提出了一个有效的混合变压器体系结构,称为缺陷变压器(faft),用于表面缺陷检测,该检测将CNN和Transferaler纳入统一模型,以协作捕获本地和非本地关系。具体而言,在编码器模块中,首先采用卷积茎块来保留更详细的空间信息。然后,贴片聚合块用于生成具有四个层次结构的多尺度表示形式,每个层次结构之后分别是一系列的feft块,该块分别包括用于本地位置编码的本地位置块,一个轻巧的多功能自我自我 - 注意与良好的计算效率建模多尺度的全球上下文关系,以及用于功能转换和进一步位置信息学习的卷积馈送网络。最后,提出了一个简单但有效的解码器模块,以从编码器中的跳过连接中逐渐恢复空间细节。与其他基于CNN的网络相比,三个数据集上的广泛实验证明了我们方法的优势和效率。
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本文介绍了Dahitra,这是一种具有分层变压器的新型深度学习模型,可在飓风后根据卫星图像对建筑物的损害进行分类。自动化的建筑损害评估为决策和资源分配提供了关键信息,以快速应急响应。卫星图像提供了实时,高覆盖的信息,并提供了向大规模污点后建筑物损失评估提供信息的机会。此外,深入学习方法已证明在对建筑物的损害进行分类方面有希望。在这项工作中,提出了一个基于变压器的新型网络来评估建筑物的损失。该网络利用多个分辨率的层次空间特征,并在将变压器编码器应用于空间特征后捕获特征域的时间差异。当对大规模灾难损坏数据集(XBD)进行测试以构建本地化和损坏分类以及在Levir-CD数据集上进行更改检测任务时,该网络将实现最先进的绩效。此外,我们引入了一个新的高分辨率卫星图像数据集,IDA-BD(与2021年路易斯安那州的2021年飓风IDA有关,以便域名适应以进一步评估该模型的能力,以适用于新损坏的区域。域的适应结果表明,所提出的模型可以适应一个新事件,只有有限的微调。因此,所提出的模型通过更好的性能和域的适应来推进艺术的当前状态。此外,IDA-BD也提供了A高分辨率注释的数据集用于该领域的未来研究。
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玻璃在现实世界中非常普遍。受玻璃区域的不确定性以及玻璃背后的各种复杂场景的影响,玻璃的存在对许多计算机视觉任务构成了严重的挑战,从而使玻璃分割成为重要的计算机视觉任务。玻璃没有自己的视觉外观,而只能传输/反映其周围环境的外观,从而与其他常见对象根本不同。为了解决此类具有挑战性的任务,现有方法通常会探索并结合深网络中不同特征级别的有用线索。由于存在级别不同的特征之间的特征差距,即,深层特征嵌入了更多高级语义,并且更好地定位目标对象,而浅层特征具有更大的空间尺寸,并保持更丰富,更详细的低级信息,因此,将这些特征融合到天真的融合将导致亚最佳溶液。在本文中,我们将有效的特征融合到两个步骤中,以朝着精确的玻璃分割。首先,我们试图通过开发可区分性增强(DE)模块来弥合不同级别特征之间的特征差距,该模块使特定于级别的特征成为更具歧视性的表示,从而减轻了融合不兼容的特征。其次,我们设计了一个基于焦点和探索的融合(FEBF)模块,以通过突出显示常见并探索级别差异特征之间的差异,从而在融合过程中丰富挖掘有用的信息。
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空间红外的小型船舶检测旨在将小型船只与轨道轨道捕获的图像分开。由于图像覆盖面积极大(例如,数千平方公里),这些图像中的候选目标比空中基于天线和陆基成像设备观察到的目标要小得多,二聚体,更可变。现有的简短成像基于距离的红外数据集和目标检测方法不能很好地用于空间监视任务。为了解决这些问题,我们开发了一个空间红外的小型船舶检测数据集(即Nudt-Sirst-Sea),该数据集具有48个空间基红外图像和17598像素级的小型船上注释。每个图像覆盖约10000平方公里的面积,带有10000x10000像素。考虑到这些充满挑战的场景,考虑到这些微小的船只的极端特征(例如,小,昏暗,可变的),我们在本文中提出了多层Transunet(MTU-NET)。具体而言,我们设计了视觉变压器(VIT)卷积神经网络(CNN)混合编码器来提取多层次特征。首先将局部特征图用几个卷积层提取,然后馈入多级特征提取模块(MVTM)以捕获长距离依赖性。我们进一步提出了一种拷贝性衡量量 - 帕斯特(CRRP)数据增强方法,以加速训练阶段,从而有效地减轻了目标和背景之间样本不平衡问题的问题。此外,我们设计了一个焦点损失,以实现目标定位和形状描述。 NUDT-SIRST-SEA数据集的实验结果表明,就检测概率,错误警报率和联合交集的交集而言,我们的MTU-NET优于传统和现有的基于深度学习的SIRST方法。
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派生是一个重要而基本的计算机视觉任务,旨在消除在下雨天捕获的图像或视频中的雨条纹和累积。现有的派威方法通常会使雨水模型的启发式假设,这迫使它们采用复杂的优化或迭代细化以获得高回收质量。然而,这导致耗时的方法,并影响解决从假设偏离的雨水模式的有效性。在本文中,我们通过在没有复杂的雨水模型假设的情况下,通过在没有复杂的雨水模型假设的情况下制定污染作为预测滤波问题的简单而有效的污染方法。具体地,我们识别通过深网络自适应地预测适当的核的空间变型预测滤波(SPFILT以过滤不同的各个像素。由于滤波可以通过加速卷积来实现,因此我们的方法可以显着效率。我们进一步提出了eFderain +,其中包含三个主要贡献来解决残留的雨迹,多尺度和多样化的雨水模式而不会损害效率。首先,我们提出了不确定感知的级联预测滤波(UC-PFILT),其可以通过预测的内核来识别重建清洁像素的困难,并有效地移除残留的雨水迹线。其次,我们设计重量共享多尺度扩张过滤(WS-MS-DFILT),以处理多尺度雨条纹,而不会损害效率。第三,消除各种雨水模式的差距,我们提出了一种新颖的数据增强方法(即Rainmix)来培养我们的深层模型。通过对不同变体的复杂分析的所有贡献相结合,我们的最终方法在恢复质量和速度方面优于四个单像辐照数据集和一个视频派威数据集的基线方法。
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RGB热点对象检测(SOD)结合了两个光谱,以分段图像中的视觉明显区域。大多数现有方法都使用边界图来学习锋利的边界。这些方法忽略了孤立的边界像素与其他自信像素之间的相互作用,从而导致了次优性能。为了解决这个问题,我们为基于SWIN Transformer的RGB-T SOD提出了一个职位感知关系学习网络(PRLNET)。 PRLNET探索像素之间的距离和方向关系,以增强阶层内的紧凑性和类间的分离,从而产生具有清晰边界和均匀区域的显着对象掩模。具体而言,我们开发了一个新颖的签名距离辅助模块(SDMAM)来改善编码器特征表示,该模块考虑了边界邻域中不同像素的距离关系。然后,我们使用定向字段(FRDF)设计一种功能改进方法,该方法通过利用明显对象内部的功能来纠正边界邻域的特征。 FRDF利用对象像素之间的方向信息有效地增强了显着区域的阶层紧凑性。此外,我们构成了一个纯变压器编码器 - 模块网络,以增强RGB-T SOD的多光谱特征表示。最后,我们对三个公共基准数据集进行了定量和定性实验。结果表明,我们所提出的方法的表现优于最新方法。
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玻璃在我们的日常生活中非常普遍。现有的计算机视觉系统忽略了它,因此可能会产生严重的后果,例如,机器人可能会坠入玻璃墙。但是,感知玻璃的存在并不简单。关键的挑战是,任意物体/场景可以出现在玻璃后面。在本文中,我们提出了一个重要的问题,即从单个RGB图像中检测玻璃表面。为了解决这个问题,我们构建了第一个大规模玻璃检测数据集(GDD),并提出了一个名为GDNet-B的新颖玻璃检测网络,该网络通过新颖的大型场探索大型视野中的丰富上下文提示上下文特征集成(LCFI)模块并将高级和低级边界特征与边界特征增强(BFE)模块集成在一起。广泛的实验表明,我们的GDNET-B可以在GDD测试集内外的图像上达到满足玻璃检测结果。我们通过将其应用于其他视觉任务(包括镜像分割和显着对象检测)来进一步验证我们提出的GDNET-B的有效性和概括能力。最后,我们显示了玻璃检测的潜在应用,并讨论了可能的未来研究方向。
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大多数息肉分段方法使用CNNS作为其骨干,导致在编码器和解码器之间的信息交换信息时的两个关键问题:1)考虑到不同级别特征之间的贡献的差异; 2)设计有效机制,以融合这些功能。不同于现有的基于CNN的方法,我们采用了一个变压器编码器,它学会了更强大和强大的表示。此外,考虑到息肉的图像采集影响和难以实现的性质,我们介绍了三种新模块,包括级联融合模块(CFM),伪装识别模块(CIM),A和相似性聚集模块(SAM)。其中,CFM用于从高级功能收集息肉的语义和位置信息,而CIM应用于在低级功能中伪装的息肉信息。在SAM的帮助下,我们将息肉区域的像素特征扩展到整个息肉区域的高电平语义位置信息,从而有效地融合了交叉级别特征。所提出的模型名为Polyp-PVT,有效地抑制了特征中的噪声,并显着提高了他们的表现力。在五个广泛采用的数据集上进行了广泛的实验表明,所提出的模型对各种具有挑战性的情况(例如,外观变化,小物体)比现有方法更加强大,并实现了新的最先进的性能。拟议的模型可在https://github.com/dengpingfan/polyp-pvt获得。
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Semantic Change Detection (SCD) refers to the task of simultaneously extracting the changed areas and the semantic categories (before and after the changes) in Remote Sensing Images (RSIs). This is more meaningful than Binary Change Detection (BCD) since it enables detailed change analysis in the observed areas. Previous works established triple-branch Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures as the paradigm for SCD. However, it remains challenging to exploit semantic information with a limited amount of change samples. In this work, we investigate to jointly consider the spatio-temporal dependencies to improve the accuracy of SCD. First, we propose a SCanFormer (Semantic Change Transformer) to explicitly model the 'from-to' semantic transitions between the bi-temporal RSIs. Then, we introduce a semantic learning scheme to leverage the spatio-temporal constraints, which are coherent to the SCD task, to guide the learning of semantic changes. The resulting network (ScanNet) significantly outperforms the baseline method in terms of both detection of critical semantic changes and semantic consistency in the obtained bi-temporal results. It achieves the SOTA accuracy on two benchmark datasets for the SCD.
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