派生是一个重要而基本的计算机视觉任务,旨在消除在下雨天捕获的图像或视频中的雨条纹和累积。现有的派威方法通常会使雨水模型的启发式假设,这迫使它们采用复杂的优化或迭代细化以获得高回收质量。然而,这导致耗时的方法,并影响解决从假设偏离的雨水模式的有效性。在本文中,我们通过在没有复杂的雨水模型假设的情况下,通过在没有复杂的雨水模型假设的情况下制定污染作为预测滤波问题的简单而有效的污染方法。具体地,我们识别通过深网络自适应地预测适当的核的空间变型预测滤波(SPFILT以过滤不同的各个像素。由于滤波可以通过加速卷积来实现,因此我们的方法可以显着效率。我们进一步提出了eFderain +,其中包含三个主要贡献来解决残留的雨迹,多尺度和多样化的雨水模式而不会损害效率。首先,我们提出了不确定感知的级联预测滤波(UC-PFILT),其可以通过预测的内核来识别重建清洁像素的困难,并有效地移除残留的雨水迹线。其次,我们设计重量共享多尺度扩张过滤(WS-MS-DFILT),以处理多尺度雨条纹,而不会损害效率。第三,消除各种雨水模式的差距,我们提出了一种新颖的数据增强方法(即Rainmix)来培养我们的深层模型。通过对不同变体的复杂分析的所有贡献相结合,我们的最终方法在恢复质量和速度方面优于四个单像辐照数据集和一个视频派威数据集的基线方法。
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As a common weather, rain streaks adversely degrade the image quality. Hence, removing rains from an image has become an important issue in the field. To handle such an ill-posed single image deraining task, in this paper, we specifically build a novel deep architecture, called rain convolutional dictionary network (RCDNet), which embeds the intrinsic priors of rain streaks and has clear interpretability. In specific, we first establish a RCD model for representing rain streaks and utilize the proximal gradient descent technique to design an iterative algorithm only containing simple operators for solving the model. By unfolding it, we then build the RCDNet in which every network module has clear physical meanings and corresponds to each operation involved in the algorithm. This good interpretability greatly facilitates an easy visualization and analysis on what happens inside the network and why it works well in inference process. Moreover, taking into account the domain gap issue in real scenarios, we further design a novel dynamic RCDNet, where the rain kernels can be dynamically inferred corresponding to input rainy images and then help shrink the space for rain layer estimation with few rain maps so as to ensure a fine generalization performance in the inconsistent scenarios of rain types between training and testing data. By end-to-end training such an interpretable network, all involved rain kernels and proximal operators can be automatically extracted, faithfully characterizing the features of both rain and clean background layers, and thus naturally lead to better deraining performance. Comprehensive experiments substantiate the superiority of our method, especially on its well generality to diverse testing scenarios and good interpretability for all its modules. Code is available in \emph{\url{https://github.com/hongwang01/DRCDNet}}.
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这项工作研究了关节降雨和雾霾清除问题。在现实情况下,雨水和阴霾通常是两个经常共同发生的共同天气现象,可以极大地降低场景图像的清晰度和质量,从而导致视觉应用的性能下降,例如自动驾驶。但是,在场景图像中共同消除雨水和雾霾是艰难而挑战,在那里,阴霾和雨水的存在以及大气光的变化都可以降低现场信息。当前的方法集中在污染部分上,因此忽略了受大气光的变化影响的场景信息的恢复。我们提出了一个新颖的深神经网络,称为不对称双重编码器U-NET(ADU-NET),以应对上述挑战。 ADU-NET既产生污染物残留物,又产生残留的现场,以有效地去除雨水和雾霾,同时保留场景信息的保真度。广泛的实验表明,我们的工作在合成数据和现实世界数据基准(包括RainCityScapes,Bid Rain和Spa-data)的相当大的差距上优于现有的最新方法。例如,我们在RainCityScapes/spa-data上分别将最新的PSNR值提高了2.26/4.57。代码将免费提供给研究社区。
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随着移动设备的快速开发,现代使用的手机通常允许用户捕获4K分辨率(即超高定义)图像。然而,对于图像进行示范,在低级视觉中,一项艰巨的任务,现有作品通常是在低分辨率或合成图像上进行的。因此,这些方法对4K分辨率图像的有效性仍然未知。在本文中,我们探索了Moire模式的删除,以进行超高定义图像。为此,我们提出了第一个超高定义的演示数据集(UHDM),其中包含5,000个现实世界4K分辨率图像对,并对当前最新方法进行基准研究。此外,我们提出了一个有效的基线模型ESDNET来解决4K Moire图像,其中我们构建了一个语义对准的比例感知模块来解决Moire模式的尺度变化。广泛的实验表明了我们的方法的有效性,这可以超过最轻巧的优于最先进的方法。代码和数据集可在https://xinyu-andy.github.io/uhdm-page上找到。
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现有的DERANE方法主要集中于单个输入图像。只有单个输入图像,很难准确检测到雨条,去除雨条并恢复无雨图像。与单个2D图像相比,光场图像(LFI)通过通过元素摄像机记录每个事件射线的方向和位置,嵌入了广泛的3D结构和纹理信息,该镜头已成为计算机中的流行设备视觉和图形研究社区。在本文中,我们提出了一个新颖的网络4D-MGP-SRRNET,以从LFI中删除雨条。我们的方法将大雨LFI的所有子视图作为输入。为了充分利用LFI,我们采用4D卷积层来构建拟议的雨牛排清除网络,以同时处理LFI的所有子视图。在拟议的网络中,提出了带有新颖的多尺度自引导高斯工艺(MSGP)模块的雨水检测模型MGPDNET,以检测输入LFI的所有子视图中的雨条。引入了半监督的学习,以通过对虚拟世界LFI和现实世界中的LFI进行多个尺度上的虚拟世界LFI和现实世界中的LFI来准确检测雨季,这是通过计算现实世界中雨水条纹的伪地面真相。然后,所有减去预测的雨条的子视图都将馈送到4D残差模型中,以估计深度图。最后,所有子视图与相应的雨条和从估计的深度图转换的相应雨条和雾图都馈送到基于对抗性复发性神经网络的雨天LFI恢复模型,以逐步消除雨水条纹并恢复无雨的LFI LFI LFI。 。对合成LFI和现实世界LFI进行的广泛的定量和定性评估证明了我们提出的方法的有效性。
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Image restoration under hazy weather condition, which is called single image dehazing, has been of significant interest for various computer vision applications. In recent years, deep learning-based methods have achieved success. However, existing image dehazing methods typically neglect the hierarchy of features in the neural network and fail to exploit their relationships fully. To this end, we propose an effective image dehazing method named Hierarchical Contrastive Dehazing (HCD), which is based on feature fusion and contrastive learning strategies. HCD consists of a hierarchical dehazing network (HDN) and a novel hierarchical contrastive loss (HCL). Specifically, the core design in the HDN is a Hierarchical Interaction Module, which utilizes multi-scale activation to revise the feature responses hierarchically. To cooperate with the training of HDN, we propose HCL which performs contrastive learning on hierarchically paired exemplars, facilitating haze removal. Extensive experiments on public datasets, RESIDE, HazeRD, and DENSE-HAZE, demonstrate that HCD quantitatively outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in terms of PSNR, SSIM and achieves better visual quality.
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多尺度体系结构和注意力模块在许多基于深度学习的图像脱落方法中都显示出有效性。但是,将这两个组件手动设计和集成到神经网络中需要大量的劳动力和广泛的专业知识。在本文中,高性能多尺度的细心神经体系结构搜索(MANAS)框架是技术开发的。所提出的方法为图像脱落任务的最爱的多个灵活模块制定了新的多尺度注意搜索空间。在搜索空间下,建立了多尺度的细胞,该单元被进一步用于构建功能强大的图像脱落网络。通过基于梯度的搜索算法自动搜索脱毛网络的内部多尺度架构,该算法在某种程度上避免了手动设计的艰巨过程。此外,为了获得强大的图像脱落模型,还提出了一种实用有效的多到一对训练策略,以允许去磨损网络从具有相同背景场景的多个雨天图像中获取足够的背景信息,与此同时,共同优化了包括外部损失,内部损失,建筑正则损失和模型复杂性损失在内的多个损失功能,以实现可靠的损伤性能和可控的模型复杂性。对合成和逼真的雨图像以及下游视觉应用(即反对检测和分割)的广泛实验结果始终证明了我们提出的方法的优越性。
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由于大气湍流的扭曲而恢复图像是一个长期存在的问题,这是由于变形的空间变化,图像形成过程的非线性以及训练和测试数据的稀缺性。现有方法通常在失真模型上具有强大的统计假设,在许多情况下,由于没有概括,因此在现实世界中的性能有限。为了克服挑战,本文提出了一种端到端物理驱动的方法,该方法有效,可以推广到现实世界的湍流。在数据合成方面,我们通过通过宽sense式的平稳性近似随机场来显着增加SOTA湍流模拟器可以处理的图像分辨率。新的数据合成过程使大规模的多级湍流和训练的地面真相对产生。在网络设计方面,我们提出了湍流缓解变压器(TMT),这是一个两级U-NET形状的多帧恢复网络,该网络具有Noval有效的自发机制,称为暂时通道关节关注(TCJA)。我们还引入了一种新的培训方案,该方案由新的模拟器启用,并设计新的变压器单元以减少内存消耗。在静态场景和动态场景上的实验结果是有希望的,包括各种真实的湍流场景。
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大多数现有的基于深度学习的单图像动态场景盲目脱毛(SIDSBD)方法通常设计深网络,以直接从一个输入的运动模糊图像中直接删除空间变化的运动模糊,而无需模糊的内核估计。在本文中,受投射运动路径模糊(PMPB)模型和可变形卷积的启发,我们提出了一个新颖的约束可变形的卷积网络(CDCN),以进行有效的单图像动态场景,同时实现了准确的空间变化,以及仅观察到的运动模糊图像的高质量图像恢复。在我们提出的CDCN中,我们首先构建了一种新型的多尺度多级多输入多输出(MSML-MIMO)编码器架构,以提高功能提取能力。其次,与使用多个连续帧的DLVBD方法不同,提出了一种新颖的约束可变形卷积重塑(CDCR)策略,其中首先将可变形的卷积应用于输入的单运动模糊图像的模糊特征,用于学习学习的抽样点,以学习学习的采样点每个像素的运动模糊内核类似于PMPB模型中摄像机震动的运动密度函数的估计,然后提出了一种基于PMPB的新型重塑损耗函数来限制学习的采样点收敛,这可以使得可以使得可以使其产生。学习的采样点与每个像素的相对运动轨迹匹配,并促进空间变化的运动模糊内核估计的准确性。
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在恶劣天气下的图像修复是一项艰巨的任务。过去的大多数作品都集中在消除图像中的雨水和阴霾现象。但是,雪也是一种极为普遍的大气现象,它将严重影响高级计算机视觉任务的性能,例如对象检测和语义分割。最近,已经提出了一些用于降雪的方法,大多数方法直接将雪图像作为优化对象。但是,雪地点和形状的分布很复杂。因此,未能有效地检测雪花 /雪连胜将影响降雪并限制模型性能。为了解决这些问题,我们提出了一个雪地掩模的自适应残留网络(SMGARN)。具体而言,SMGARN由三个部分组成,即Mask-Net,Guidance-Fusion Network(GF-NET)和重建-NET。首先,我们构建了一个以自像素的注意(SA)和跨像素的注意(CA),以捕获雪花的特征并准确地定位了雪的位置,从而预测了准确的雪山。其次,预测的雪面被发送到专门设计的GF-NET中,以适应指导模型去除雪。最后,使用有效的重建网络来消除面纱效果并纠正图像以重建最终的无雪图像。广泛的实验表明,我们的SMGARN数值优于所有现有的降雪方法,并且重建的图像在视觉对比度上更清晰。所有代码都将可用。
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Change detection (CD) is to decouple object changes (i.e., object missing or appearing) from background changes (i.e., environment variations) like light and season variations in two images captured in the same scene over a long time span, presenting critical applications in disaster management, urban development, etc. In particular, the endless patterns of background changes require detectors to have a high generalization against unseen environment variations, making this task significantly challenging. Recent deep learning-based methods develop novel network architectures or optimization strategies with paired-training examples, which do not handle the generalization issue explicitly and require huge manual pixel-level annotation efforts. In this work, for the first attempt in the CD community, we study the generalization issue of CD from the perspective of data augmentation and develop a novel weakly supervised training algorithm that only needs image-level labels. Different from general augmentation techniques for classification, we propose the background-mixed augmentation that is specifically designed for change detection by augmenting examples under the guidance of a set of background-changing images and letting deep CD models see diverse environment variations. Moreover, we propose the augmented & real data consistency loss that encourages the generalization increase significantly. Our method as a general framework can enhance a wide range of existing deep learning-based detectors. We conduct extensive experiments in two public datasets and enhance four state-of-the-art methods, demonstrating the advantages of our method. We release the code at https://github.com/tsingqguo/bgmix.
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Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based image super-resolution (SR) has exhibited impressive success on known degraded low-resolution (LR) images. However, this type of approach is hard to hold its performance in practical scenarios when the degradation process is unknown. Despite existing blind SR methods proposed to solve this problem using blur kernel estimation, the perceptual quality and reconstruction accuracy are still unsatisfactory. In this paper, we analyze the degradation of a high-resolution (HR) image from image intrinsic components according to a degradation-based formulation model. We propose a components decomposition and co-optimization network (CDCN) for blind SR. Firstly, CDCN decomposes the input LR image into structure and detail components in feature space. Then, the mutual collaboration block (MCB) is presented to exploit the relationship between both two components. In this way, the detail component can provide informative features to enrich the structural context and the structure component can carry structural context for better detail revealing via a mutual complementary manner. After that, we present a degradation-driven learning strategy to jointly supervise the HR image detail and structure restoration process. Finally, a multi-scale fusion module followed by an upsampling layer is designed to fuse the structure and detail features and perform SR reconstruction. Empowered by such degradation-based components decomposition, collaboration, and mutual optimization, we can bridge the correlation between component learning and degradation modelling for blind SR, thereby producing SR results with more accurate textures. Extensive experiments on both synthetic SR datasets and real-world images show that the proposed method achieves the state-of-the-art performance compared to existing methods.
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许多图像处理网络在整个输入图像上应用一组静态卷积核,这是自然图像的次优,因为它们通常由异质视觉模式组成。最近在分类,分割和图像恢复方面的工作已经证明,动态核优于局部图像统计数据的静态内核。然而,这些工作经常采用每像素卷积核,这引入了高存储器和计算成本。为了在没有显着开销的情况下实现空间变化的处理,我们呈现\ TextBF {Malle} Chable \ TextBF {CONV} olution(\ textbf {malleconv}),作为动态卷积的有效变体。 \我们的权重由能够在特定空间位置产生内容相关的输出的有效预测器网络动态地产生。与以前的作品不同,\我们从输入生成一组更小的空间变化内核,这会扩大网络的接收领域,并显着降低计算和内存成本。然后通过具有最小内存开销的高效切片和-Conver操作员将这些内核应用于全分辨率的特征映射。我们进一步使用MalleConv建立了高效的去噪网络,被创建为\ textbf {mallenet}。它实现了高质量的结果,没有非常深的架构,例如,它是8.91 $ \ times $的速度快于最好的去噪算法(Swinir),同时保持类似的性能。我们还表明,添加到标准的基于卷积的骨干的单个\我们可以贡献显着降低计算成本或以相似的成本提高图像质量。项目页面:https://yifanjiang.net/malleconv.html
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引导过滤器是计算机视觉和计算机图形中的基本工具,旨在将结构信息从引导图像传输到目标图像。大多数现有方法构造来自指导本身的滤波器内核,而不考虑指导和目标之间的相互依赖性。然而,由于两种图像中通常存在显着不同的边沿,只需将引导的所有结构信息传送到目标即将导致各种伪像。要应对这个问题,我们提出了一个名为Deep Enterponal引导图像过滤的有效框架,其过滤过程可以完全集成两个图像中包含的互补信息。具体地,我们提出了一种注意力内核学习模块,分别从引导和目标生成双组滤波器内核,然后通过在两个图像之间建模像素方向依赖性来自适应地组合它们。同时,我们提出了一种多尺度引导图像滤波模块,以粗略的方式通过所构造的内核逐渐产生滤波结果。相应地,引入了多尺度融合策略以重用中间导点在粗略的过程中。广泛的实验表明,所提出的框架在广泛的引导图像滤波应用中,诸如引导超分辨率,横向模态恢复,纹理拆除和语义分割的最先进的方法。
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With the development of convolutional neural networks, hundreds of deep learning based dehazing methods have been proposed. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey on supervised, semi-supervised, and unsupervised single image dehazing. We first discuss the physical model, datasets, network modules, loss functions, and evaluation metrics that are commonly used. Then, the main contributions of various dehazing algorithms are categorized and summarized. Further, quantitative and qualitative experiments of various baseline methods are carried out. Finally, the unsolved issues and challenges that can inspire the future research are pointed out. A collection of useful dehazing materials is available at \url{https://github.com/Xiaofeng-life/AwesomeDehazing}.
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在许多计算机视觉子域中,图像降级仍然是一个具有挑战性的问题。最近的研究表明,在有监督的环境中取得了重大改进。但是,很少有挑战(例如空间忠诚度和类似卡通的平滑度)仍未解决或果断地忽略。我们的研究提出了一个简单而有效的架构,用于解决上述问题的降级问题。所提出的体系结构重新审视了模块化串联的概念,而不是长时间和更深的级联连接,以恢复给定图像的更清洁近似。我们发现不同的模块可以捕获多功能表示形式,而串联表示为低级图像恢复创造了更丰富的子空间。所提出的架构的参数数量仍然小于以前的大多数网络的数量,并且仍然对当前最新网络进行了重大改进。
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在弱光环境下,手持式摄影在长时间的曝光设置下遭受了严重的相机震动。尽管现有的Deblurry算法在暴露良好的模糊图像上表现出了令人鼓舞的性能,但它们仍然无法应对低光快照。在实用的低光脱毛中,复杂的噪声和饱和区是两个主导挑战。在这项工作中,我们提出了一种称为图像的新型非盲脱毛方法,并具有特征空间Wiener Deonervolution网络(Infwide),以系统地解决这些问题。在算法设计方面,Infwide提出了一个两分支的架构,该体系结构明确消除了噪声并幻觉,使图像空间中的饱和区域抑制了特征空间中的响起文物,并将两个互补输出与一个微妙的多尺度融合网络集成在一起高质量的夜间照片浮雕。为了进行有效的网络培训,我们设计了一组损失功能,集成了前向成像模型和向后重建,以形成近环的正则化,以确保深神经网络的良好收敛性。此外,为了优化Infwide在实际弱光条件下的适用性,采用基于物理过程的低光噪声模型来合成现实的嘈杂夜间照片进行模型训练。利用传统的Wiener Deonervolution算法的身体驱动的特征并引起了深层神经网络的表示能力,Infwide可以恢复细节,同时抑制在脱毛期间的不愉快的人工制品。关于合成数据和实际数据的广泛实验证明了所提出的方法的出色性能。
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Face Restoration (FR) aims to restore High-Quality (HQ) faces from Low-Quality (LQ) input images, which is a domain-specific image restoration problem in the low-level computer vision area. The early face restoration methods mainly use statistic priors and degradation models, which are difficult to meet the requirements of real-world applications in practice. In recent years, face restoration has witnessed great progress after stepping into the deep learning era. However, there are few works to study deep learning-based face restoration methods systematically. Thus, this paper comprehensively surveys recent advances in deep learning techniques for face restoration. Specifically, we first summarize different problem formulations and analyze the characteristic of the face image. Second, we discuss the challenges of face restoration. Concerning these challenges, we present a comprehensive review of existing FR methods, including prior based methods and deep learning-based methods. Then, we explore developed techniques in the task of FR covering network architectures, loss functions, and benchmark datasets. We also conduct a systematic benchmark evaluation on representative methods. Finally, we discuss future directions, including network designs, metrics, benchmark datasets, applications,etc. We also provide an open-source repository for all the discussed methods, which is available at https://github.com/TaoWangzj/Awesome-Face-Restoration.
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This paper explores the problem of reconstructing high-resolution light field (LF) images from hybrid lenses, including a high-resolution camera surrounded by multiple low-resolution cameras. The performance of existing methods is still limited, as they produce either blurry results on plain textured areas or distortions around depth discontinuous boundaries. To tackle this challenge, we propose a novel end-to-end learning-based approach, which can comprehensively utilize the specific characteristics of the input from two complementary and parallel perspectives. Specifically, one module regresses a spatially consistent intermediate estimation by learning a deep multidimensional and cross-domain feature representation, while the other module warps another intermediate estimation, which maintains the high-frequency textures, by propagating the information of the high-resolution view. We finally leverage the advantages of the two intermediate estimations adaptively via the learned attention maps, leading to the final high-resolution LF image with satisfactory results on both plain textured areas and depth discontinuous boundaries. Besides, to promote the effectiveness of our method trained with simulated hybrid data on real hybrid data captured by a hybrid LF imaging system, we carefully design the network architecture and the training strategy. Extensive experiments on both real and simulated hybrid data demonstrate the significant superiority of our approach over state-of-the-art ones. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first end-to-end deep learning method for LF reconstruction from a real hybrid input. We believe our framework could potentially decrease the cost of high-resolution LF data acquisition and benefit LF data storage and transmission.
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图像运动模糊通常是由于移动物体或摄像头摇动而导致的。这种模糊通常是方向性的,不均匀。先前的研究工作试图通过使用自我注意力的自我次数多尺度或多斑架构来解决非均匀的模糊。但是,使用自我电流框架通常会导致更长的推理时间,而像素间或通道间的自我注意力可能会导致过度记忆使用。本文提出了模糊的注意力网络(BANET),该网络通过单个正向通行证完成了准确有效的脱脂。我们的Banet利用基于区域的自我注意力,并通过多内核条池汇总到不同程度的模糊模式,并具有级联的平行扩张卷积,以汇总多尺度内容特征。关于GoPro和Hide基准的广泛实验结果表明,所提出的班轮在模糊的图像修复中表现出色,并可以实时提供Deblurred结果。
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