最近，图形神经网络已成为机器学习界的热门话题。本文提出了基于SCOPUS，自2004年以来，GNN论文首次发布的基于GNNS研究的概述。该研究旨在评估总量和定性的GNN研究趋势。我们提供了研究，积极和有影响力的作者和机构，出版物来源，最具引用文件和热门话题的趋势。我们的调查表明，该领域中最常见的主题类别是计算机科学，工程，电信，语言学，运营研究和管理科学，信息科学和图书馆学，商业和经济学，自动化和控制系统，机器人和社会科学。此外，GNN出版物最具活跃的来源是计算机科学的讲义。最多产或有影响力的机构在美国，中国和加拿大发现。我们还提供必须阅读论文和未来方向。最后，图表卷积网络和注意机制的应用现在是GNN研究的热门话题。

Deep learning has revolutionized many machine learning tasks in recent years, ranging from image classification and video processing to speech recognition and natural language understanding. The data in these tasks are typically represented in the Euclidean space. However, there is an increasing number of applications where data are generated from non-Euclidean domains and are represented as graphs with complex relationships and interdependency between objects. The complexity of graph data has imposed significant challenges on existing machine learning algorithms. Recently, many studies on extending deep learning approaches for graph data have emerged. In this survey, we provide a comprehensive overview of graph neural networks (GNNs) in data mining and machine learning fields. We propose a new taxonomy to divide the state-of-the-art graph neural networks into four categories, namely recurrent graph neural networks, convolutional graph neural networks, graph autoencoders, and spatial-temporal graph neural networks. We further discuss the applications of graph neural networks across various domains and summarize the open source codes, benchmark data sets, and model evaluation of graph neural networks. Finally, we propose potential research directions in this rapidly growing field.

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are a family of graph networks inspired by mechanisms existing between nodes on a graph. In recent years there has been an increased interest in GNN and their derivatives, i.e., Graph Attention Networks (GAT), Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN), and Graph Recurrent Networks (GRN). An increase in their usability in computer vision is also observed. The number of GNN applications in this field continues to expand; it includes video analysis and understanding, action and behavior recognition, computational photography, image and video synthesis from zero or few shots, and many more. This contribution aims to collect papers published about GNN-based approaches towards computer vision. They are described and summarized from three perspectives. Firstly, we investigate the architectures of Graph Neural Networks and their derivatives used in this area to provide accurate and explainable recommendations for the ensuing investigations. As for the other aspect, we also present datasets used in these works. Finally, using graph analysis, we also examine relations between GNN-based studies in computer vision and potential sources of inspiration identified outside of this field.

生物医学网络是与疾病网络的蛋白质相互作用的普遍描述符，从蛋白质相互作用，一直到医疗保健系统和科学知识。随着代表学习提供强大的预测和洞察的显着成功，我们目睹了表现形式学习技术的快速扩展，进入了这些网络的建模，分析和学习。在这篇综述中，我们提出了一个观察到生物学和医学中的网络长期原则 - 而在机器学习研究中经常出口 - 可以为代表学习提供概念基础，解释其当前的成功和限制，并告知未来进步。我们综合了一系列算法方法，即在其核心利用图形拓扑到将网络嵌入到紧凑的向量空间中，并捕获表示陈述学习证明有用的方式的广度。深远的影响包括鉴定复杂性状的变异性，单细胞的异心行为及其对健康的影响，协助患者的诊断和治疗以及制定安全有效的药物。

以图形为中心的人工智能（Graph AI）在建模自然界中普遍存在的相互作用系统（从生物学的动态系统到粒子物理学）方面取得了显着成功。数据的异质性的增加，需要对可以结合多种电感偏见的图形神经体系结构。但是，将来自各种来源的数据组合起来是具有挑战性的，因为适当的归纳偏差可能会因数据模式而异。多模式学习方法融合了多个数据模式，同时利用跨模式依赖性来应对这一挑战。在这里，我们调查了以图形为中心的AI的140项研究，并意识到，使用图越来越多地将各种数据类型汇集在一起​​，并将其馈入复杂的多模型模型。这些模型分为图像，语言和知识接地的多模式学习。我们提出了基于此分类的多模式图学习的算法蓝图。该蓝图是通过选择适当的四个不同组件来处理多模式数据的最先进架构的方法。这项工作可以为标准化精致的多模式体系结构的设计铺平道路，以解决高度复杂的现实世界问题。

保持个人特征和复杂的关系，广泛利用和研究了图表数据。通过更新和聚合节点的表示，能够捕获结构信息，图形神经网络（GNN）模型正在获得普及。在财务背景下，该图是基于实际数据构建的，这导致复杂的图形结构，因此需要复杂的方法。在这项工作中，我们在最近的财务环境中对GNN模型进行了全面的审查。我们首先将普通使用的财务图分类并总结每个节点的功能处理步骤。然后，我们总结了每个地图类型的GNN方法，每个区域的应用，并提出一些潜在的研究领域。

Anomaly analytics is a popular and vital task in various research contexts, which has been studied for several decades. At the same time, deep learning has shown its capacity in solving many graph-based tasks like, node classification, link prediction, and graph classification. Recently, many studies are extending graph learning models for solving anomaly analytics problems, resulting in beneficial advances in graph-based anomaly analytics techniques. In this survey, we provide a comprehensive overview of graph learning methods for anomaly analytics tasks. We classify them into four categories based on their model architectures, namely graph convolutional network (GCN), graph attention network (GAT), graph autoencoder (GAE), and other graph learning models. The differences between these methods are also compared in a systematic manner. Furthermore, we outline several graph-based anomaly analytics applications across various domains in the real world. Finally, we discuss five potential future research directions in this rapidly growing field.

人口级社会事件，如民事骚乱和犯罪，往往对我们的日常生活产生重大影响。预测此类事件对于决策和资源分配非常重要。由于缺乏关于事件发生的真实原因和潜在机制的知识，事件预测传统上具有挑战性。近年来，由于两个主要原因，研究事件预测研究取得了重大进展：（1）机器学习和深度学习算法的开发和（2）社交媒体，新闻来源，博客，经济等公共数据的可访问性指标和其他元数据源。软件/硬件技术中的数据的爆炸性增长导致了社会事件研究中的深度学习技巧的应用。本文致力于提供社会事件预测的深层学习技术的系统和全面概述。我们专注于两个社会事件的域名：\ Texit {Civil unrest}和\ texit {犯罪}。我们首先介绍事件预测问题如何作为机器学习预测任务制定。然后，我们总结了这些问题的数据资源，传统方法和最近的深度学习模型的发展。最后，我们讨论了社会事件预测中的挑战，并提出了一些有希望的未来研究方向。

Graphs are ubiquitous in nature and can therefore serve as models for many practical but also theoretical problems. For this purpose, they can be defined as many different types which suitably reflect the individual contexts of the represented problem. To address cutting-edge problems based on graph data, the research field of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) has emerged. Despite the field's youth and the speed at which new models are developed, many recent surveys have been published to keep track of them. Nevertheless, it has not yet been gathered which GNN can process what kind of graph types. In this survey, we give a detailed overview of already existing GNNs and, unlike previous surveys, categorize them according to their ability to handle different graph types and properties. We consider GNNs operating on static and dynamic graphs of different structural constitutions, with or without node or edge attributes. Moreover, we distinguish between GNN models for discrete-time or continuous-time dynamic graphs and group the models according to their architecture. We find that there are still graph types that are not or only rarely covered by existing GNN models. We point out where models are missing and give potential reasons for their absence.

深度学习属于人工智能领域，机器执行通常需要某种人类智能的任务。类似于大脑的基本结构，深度学习算法包括一种人工神经网络，其类似于生物脑结构。利用他们的感官模仿人类的学习过程，深入学习网络被送入（感官）数据，如文本，图像，视频或声音。这些网络在不同的任务中优于最先进的方法，因此，整个领域在过去几年中看到了指数增长。这种增长在过去几年中每年超过10,000多种出版物。例如，只有在医疗领域中的所有出版物中覆盖的搜索引擎只能在Q3 2020中覆盖所有出版物的子集，用于搜索术语“深度学习”，其中大约90％来自过去三年。因此，对深度学习领域的完全概述已经不可能在不久的将来获得，并且在不久的将来可能会难以获得难以获得子场的概要。但是，有几个关于深度学习的综述文章，这些文章专注于特定的科学领域或应用程序，例如计算机愿景的深度学习进步或在物体检测等特定任务中进行。随着这些调查作为基础，这一贡献的目的是提供对不同科学学科的深度学习的第一个高级，分类的元调查。根据底层数据来源（图像，语言，医疗，混合）选择了类别（计算机愿景，语言处理，医疗信息和其他工程）。此外，我们还审查了每个子类别的常见架构，方法，专业，利弊，评估，挑战和未来方向。

Graph mining tasks arise from many different application domains, ranging from social networks, transportation to E-commerce, etc., which have been receiving great attention from the theoretical and algorithmic design communities in recent years, and there has been some pioneering work employing the research-rich Reinforcement Learning (RL) techniques to address graph data mining tasks. However, these graph mining methods and RL models are dispersed in different research areas, which makes it hard to compare them. In this survey, we provide a comprehensive overview of RL and graph mining methods and generalize these methods to Graph Reinforcement Learning (GRL) as a unified formulation. We further discuss the applications of GRL methods across various domains and summarize the method descriptions, open-source codes, and benchmark datasets of GRL methods. Furthermore, we propose important directions and challenges to be solved in the future. As far as we know, this is the latest work on a comprehensive survey of GRL, this work provides a global view and a learning resource for scholars. In addition, we create an online open-source for both interested scholars who want to enter this rapidly developing domain and experts who would like to compare GRL methods.

Deep learning has been shown to be successful in a number of domains, ranging from acoustics, images, to natural language processing. However, applying deep learning to the ubiquitous graph data is non-trivial because of the unique characteristics of graphs. Recently, substantial research efforts have been devoted to applying deep learning methods to graphs, resulting in beneficial advances in graph analysis techniques. In this survey, we comprehensively review the different types of deep learning methods on graphs. We divide the existing methods into five categories based on their model architectures and training strategies: graph recurrent neural networks, graph convolutional networks, graph autoencoders, graph reinforcement learning, and graph adversarial methods. We then provide a comprehensive overview of these methods in a systematic manner mainly by following their development history. We also analyze the differences and compositions of different methods. Finally, we briefly outline the applications in which they have been used and discuss potential future research directions.

The stock market prediction has been a traditional yet complex problem researched within diverse research areas and application domains due to its non-linear, highly volatile and complex nature. Existing surveys on stock market prediction often focus on traditional machine learning methods instead of deep learning methods. Deep learning has dominated many domains, gained much success and popularity in recent years in stock market prediction. This motivates us to provide a structured and comprehensive overview of the research on stock market prediction focusing on deep learning techniques. We present four elaborated subtasks of stock market prediction and propose a novel taxonomy to summarize the state-of-the-art models based on deep neural networks from 2011 to 2022. In addition, we also provide detailed statistics on the datasets and evaluation metrics commonly used in the stock market. Finally, we highlight some open issues and point out several future directions by sharing some new perspectives on stock market prediction.

本次调查绘制了用于分析社交媒体数据的生成方法的研究状态的广泛的全景照片（Sota）。它填补了空白，因为现有的调查文章在其范围内或被约会。我们包括两个重要方面，目前正在挖掘和建模社交媒体的重要性：动态和网络。社会动态对于了解影响影响或疾病的传播，友谊的形成，友谊的形成等，另一方面，可以捕获各种复杂关系，提供额外的洞察力和识别否则将不会被注意的重要模式。

图形神经网络（GNN），图数据上深度神经网络的概括已被广泛用于各个领域，从药物发现到推荐系统。但是，当可用样本很少的情况下，这些应用程序的GNN是有限的。元学习一直是解决机器学习中缺乏样品的重要框架，近年来，研究人员已经开始将元学习应用于GNNS。在这项工作中，我们提供了对涉及GNN的不同元学习方法的综合调查，这些方法在各种图表中显示出使用这两种方法的力量。我们根据提出的架构，共享表示和应用程序分类文献。最后，我们讨论了几个激动人心的未来研究方向和打开问题。

受到计算机愿景和语言理解的深度学习的巨大成功的影响，建议的研究已经转移到发明基于神经网络的新推荐模型。近年来，我们在开发神经推荐模型方面目睹了显着进展，这概括和超越了传统的推荐模型，由于神经网络的强烈代表性。在本调查论文中，我们从建议建模与准确性目标的角度进行了系统审查，旨在总结该领域，促进研究人员和从业者在推荐系统上工作的研究人员和从业者。具体而具体基于推荐建模期间的数据使用，我们将工作划分为协作过滤和信息丰富的建议：1）协作滤波，其利用用户项目交互数据的关键来源; 2）内容丰富的建议，其另外利用与用户和项目相关的侧面信息，如用户配置文件和项目知识图; 3）时间/顺序推荐，其考虑与交互相关的上下文信息，例如时间，位置和过去的交互。在为每种类型审查代表性工作后，我们终于讨论了这一领域的一些有希望的方向。

本文对过去二十年来对自然语言生成（NLG）的研究提供了全面的审查，特别是与数据到文本生成和文本到文本生成深度学习方法有关，以及NLG的新应用技术。该调查旨在（a）给出关于NLG核心任务的最新综合，以及该领域采用的建筑;（b）详细介绍各种NLG任务和数据集，并提请注意NLG评估中的挑战，专注于不同的评估方法及其关系;（c）强调一些未来的强调和相对近期的研究问题，因为NLG和其他人工智能领域的协同作用而增加，例如计算机视觉，文本和计算创造力。

事实证明，信息提取方法可有效从结构化或非结构化数据中提取三重。以（头部实体，关系，尾部实体）形式组织这样的三元组的组织称为知识图（kgs）。当前的大多数知识图都是不完整的。为了在下游任务中使用kgs，希望预测kgs中缺少链接。最近，通过将实体和关系嵌入到低维的矢量空间中，旨在根据先前访问的三元组来预测三元组，从而对KGS表示不同的方法。根据如何独立或依赖对三元组进行处理，我们将知识图完成的任务分为传统和图形神经网络表示学习，并更详细地讨论它们。在传统的方法中，每个三重三倍将独立处理，并在基于GNN的方法中进行处理，三倍也考虑了他们的当地社区。查看全文

排名模型是信息检索系统的主要组成部分。排名的几种方法是基于传统的机器学习算法，使用一组手工制作的功能。最近，研究人员在信息检索中利用了深度学习模型。这些模型的培训结束于结束，以提取来自RAW数据的特征来排序任务，因此它们克服了手工制作功能的局限性。已经提出了各种深度学习模型，每个模型都呈现了一组神经网络组件，以提取用于排名的特征。在本文中，我们在不同方面比较文献中提出的模型，以了解每个模型的主要贡献和限制。在我们对文献的讨论中，我们分析了有前途的神经元件，并提出了未来的研究方向。我们还显示文档检索和其他检索任务之间的类比，其中排名的项目是结构化文档，答案，图像和视频。

图表神经网络（GNNS）最近在人工智能（AI）领域的普及，这是由于它们作为输入数据相对非结构化数据类型的独特能力。尽管GNN架构的一些元素在概念上类似于传统神经网络（以及神经网络变体）的操作中，但是其他元件代表了传统深度学习技术的偏离。本教程通过整理和呈现有关GNN最常见和性能变种的动机，概念，数学和应用的细节，将GNN的权力和新颖性暴露给AI从业者。重要的是，我们简明扼要地向实际示例提出了本教程，从而为GNN的主题提供了实用和可访问的教程。