We study a challenging task, conditional human motion generation, which produces plausible human motion sequences according to various conditional inputs, such as action classes or textual descriptors. Since human motions are highly diverse and have a property of quite different distribution from conditional modalities, such as textual descriptors in natural languages, it is hard to learn a probabilistic mapping from the desired conditional modality to the human motion sequences. Besides, the raw motion data from the motion capture system might be redundant in sequences and contain noises; directly modeling the joint distribution over the raw motion sequences and conditional modalities would need a heavy computational overhead and might result in artifacts introduced by the captured noises. To learn a better representation of the various human motion sequences, we first design a powerful Variational AutoEncoder (VAE) and arrive at a representative and low-dimensional latent code for a human motion sequence. Then, instead of using a diffusion model to establish the connections between the raw motion sequences and the conditional inputs, we perform a diffusion process on the motion latent space. Our proposed Motion Latent-based Diffusion model (MLD) could produce vivid motion sequences conforming to the given conditional inputs and substantially reduce the computational overhead in both the training and inference stages. Extensive experiments on various human motion generation tasks demonstrate that our MLD achieves significant improvements over the state-of-the-art methods among extensive human motion generation tasks, with two orders of magnitude faster than previous diffusion models on raw motion sequences.

人类运动建模对于许多现代图形应用非常重要，这些应用通常需要专业技能。为了消除外行的技能障碍，最近的运动生成方法可以直接产生以自然语言为条件的人类动作。但是，通过各种文本输入，实现多样化和细粒度的运动产生，仍然具有挑战性。为了解决这个问题，我们提出了MotionDiffuse，这是第一个基于基于文本模型的基于文本驱动的运动生成框架，该框架证明了现有方法的几种期望属性。 1）概率映射。 MotionDiffuse不是确定性的语言映射，而是通过一系列注入变化的步骤生成动作。 2）现实的综合。 MotionDiffuse在建模复杂的数据分布和生成生动的运动序列方面表现出色。 3）多级操作。 Motion-Diffuse响应有关身体部位的细粒度指示，以及随时间变化的文本提示，任意长度运动合成。我们的实验表明，Motion-Diffuse通过说服文本驱动运动产生和动作条件运动的运动来优于现有的SOTA方法。定性分析进一步证明了MotionDiffuse对全面运动产生的可控性。主页：https：//mingyuan-zhang.github.io/projects/motiondiffuse.html

我们解决了从文本描述中产生不同3D人类动作的问题。这项具有挑战性的任务需要两种方式的联合建模：从文本中理解和提取有用的人类以人为中心的信息，然后产生人类姿势的合理和现实序列。与大多数以前的工作相反，该作品着重于从文本描述中产生单一的，确定性的动作，我们设计了一种可以产生多种人类动作的变异方法。我们提出了Temos，这是一种具有人体运动数据的变异自动编码器（VAE）训练的文本生成模型，并结合了与VAE潜在空间兼容的文本编码器结合使用的文本编码器。我们显示Temos框架可以像先前的工作一样产生基于骨架的动画，以及更具表现力的SMPL身体运动。我们在套件运动语言基准上评估了我们的方法，尽管相对简单，但对艺术的状态表现出显着改善。代码和模型可在我们的网页上找到。

Conventional methods for human motion synthesis are either deterministic or struggle with the trade-off between motion diversity and motion quality. In response to these limitations, we introduce MoFusion, i.e., a new denoising-diffusion-based framework for high-quality conditional human motion synthesis that can generate long, temporally plausible, and semantically accurate motions based on a range of conditioning contexts (such as music and text). We also present ways to introduce well-known kinematic losses for motion plausibility within the motion diffusion framework through our scheduled weighting strategy. The learned latent space can be used for several interactive motion editing applications -- like inbetweening, seed conditioning, and text-based editing -- thus, providing crucial abilities for virtual character animation and robotics. Through comprehensive quantitative evaluations and a perceptual user study, we demonstrate the effectiveness of MoFusion compared to the state of the art on established benchmarks in the literature. We urge the reader to watch our supplementary video and visit https://vcai.mpi-inf.mpg.de/projects/MoFusion.

基于文本的运动生成模型正在引起人们对它们在游戏，动画或机器人行业中自动化运动过程的潜力的兴趣激增。在本文中，我们提出了一种基于扩散的运动合成和名为Flame的编辑模型。受扩散模型中最新成功的启发，我们将基于扩散的生成模型集成到运动域中。火焰可以产生与给定文本很好地对齐的高保真动作。此外，它可以编辑运动的各个部分，无论是在框架和联合方面，而无需进行任何微调。火焰涉及我们设计的新的基于变压器的架构，以更好地处理运动数据，这对于管理可变长度运动和良好的自由形式文本至关重要。在实验中，我们表明火焰在三个文本数据集上实现了最新的一代表演：HumanML3D，Babel和Kit。我们还证明，火焰的编辑能力可以扩展到其他任务，例如运动预测或运动内部，这些任务先前已被专用模型涵盖。

Generating controllable and editable human motion sequences is a key challenge in 3D Avatar generation. It has been labor-intensive to generate and animate human motion for a long time until learning-based approaches have been developed and applied recently. However, these approaches are still task-specific or modality-specific\cite {ahuja2019language2pose}\cite{ghosh2021synthesis}\cite{ferreira2021learning}\cite{li2021ai}. In this paper, we propose ``UDE", the first unified driving engine that enables generating human motion sequences from natural language or audio sequences (see Fig.~\ref{fig:teaser}). Specifically, UDE consists of the following key components: 1) a motion quantization module based on VQVAE that represents continuous motion sequence as discrete latent code\cite{van2017neural}, 2) a modality-agnostic transformer encoder\cite{vaswani2017attention} that learns to map modality-aware driving signals to a joint space, and 3) a unified token transformer (GPT-like\cite{radford2019language}) network to predict the quantized latent code index in an auto-regressive manner. 4) a diffusion motion decoder that takes as input the motion tokens and decodes them into motion sequences with high diversity. We evaluate our method on HumanML3D\cite{Guo_2022_CVPR} and AIST++\cite{li2021learn} benchmarks, and the experiment results demonstrate our method achieves state-of-the-art performance. Project website: \url{https://github.com/zixiangzhou916/UDE/

Denoising diffusion models hold great promise for generating diverse and realistic human motions. However, existing motion diffusion models largely disregard the laws of physics in the diffusion process and often generate physically-implausible motions with pronounced artifacts such as floating, foot sliding, and ground penetration. This seriously impacts the quality of generated motions and limits their real-world application. To address this issue, we present a novel physics-guided motion diffusion model (PhysDiff), which incorporates physical constraints into the diffusion process. Specifically, we propose a physics-based motion projection module that uses motion imitation in a physics simulator to project the denoised motion of a diffusion step to a physically-plausible motion. The projected motion is further used in the next diffusion step to guide the denoising diffusion process. Intuitively, the use of physics in our model iteratively pulls the motion toward a physically-plausible space. Experiments on large-scale human motion datasets show that our approach achieves state-of-the-art motion quality and improves physical plausibility drastically (>78% for all datasets).

Generating realistic motions for digital humans is a core but challenging part of computer animations and games, as human motions are both diverse in content and rich in styles. While the latest deep learning approaches have made significant advancements in this domain, they mostly consider motion synthesis and style manipulation as two separate problems. This is mainly due to the challenge of learning both motion contents that account for the inter-class behaviour and styles that account for the intra-class behaviour effectively in a common representation. To tackle this challenge, we propose a denoising diffusion probabilistic model solution for styled motion synthesis. As diffusion models have a high capacity brought by the injection of stochasticity, we can represent both inter-class motion content and intra-class style behaviour in the same latent. This results in an integrated, end-to-end trained pipeline that facilitates the generation of optimal motion and exploration of content-style coupled latent space. To achieve high-quality results, we design a multi-task architecture of diffusion model that strategically generates aspects of human motions for local guidance. We also design adversarial and physical regulations for global guidance. We demonstrate superior performance with quantitative and qualitative results and validate the effectiveness of our multi-task architecture.

Can we make virtual characters in a scene interact with their surrounding objects through simple instructions? Is it possible to synthesize such motion plausibly with a diverse set of objects and instructions? Inspired by these questions, we present the first framework to synthesize the full-body motion of virtual human characters performing specified actions with 3D objects placed within their reach. Our system takes as input textual instructions specifying the objects and the associated intentions of the virtual characters and outputs diverse sequences of full-body motions. This is in contrast to existing work, where full-body action synthesis methods generally do not consider object interactions, and human-object interaction methods focus mainly on synthesizing hand or finger movements for grasping objects. We accomplish our objective by designing an intent-driven full-body motion generator, which uses a pair of decoupled conditional variational autoencoders (CVAE) to learn the motion of the body parts in an autoregressive manner. We also optimize for the positions of the objects with six degrees of freedom (6DoF) such that they plausibly fit within the hands of the synthesized characters. We compare our proposed method with the existing methods of motion synthesis and establish a new and stronger state-of-the-art for the task of intent-driven motion synthesis. Through a user study, we further show that our synthesized full-body motions appear more realistic to the participants in more than 80% of scenarios compared to the current state-of-the-art methods, and are perceived to be as good as the ground truth on several occasions.

通过将图像形成过程分解成逐个申请的去噪自身额，扩散模型（DMS）实现了最先进的合成导致图像数据和超越。另外，它们的配方允许引导机构来控制图像生成过程而不会再刷新。然而，由于这些模型通常在像素空间中直接操作，因此强大的DMS的优化通常消耗数百个GPU天，并且由于顺序评估，推理是昂贵的。为了在保留其质量和灵活性的同时启用有限计算资源的DM培训，我们将它们应用于强大的佩带自动化器的潜在空间。与以前的工作相比，这种代表上的培训扩散模型允许第一次达到复杂性降低和细节保存之间的近乎最佳点，极大地提高了视觉保真度。通过将跨关注层引入模型架构中，我们将扩散模型转化为强大而柔性的发电机，以进行诸如文本或边界盒和高分辨率合成的通用调节输入，以卷积方式变得可以实现。我们的潜在扩散模型（LDMS）实现了一种新的技术状态，可在各种任务中进行图像修复和高竞争性能，包括无条件图像生成，语义场景合成和超级分辨率，同时与基于像素的DMS相比显着降低计算要求。代码可在https://github.com/compvis/lattent-diffusion获得。

There has been a recent explosion of impressive generative models that can produce high quality images (or videos) conditioned on text descriptions. However, all such approaches rely on conditional sentences that contain unambiguous descriptions of scenes and main actors in them. Therefore employing such models for more complex task of story visualization, where naturally references and co-references exist, and one requires to reason about when to maintain consistency of actors and backgrounds across frames/scenes, and when not to, based on story progression, remains a challenge. In this work, we address the aforementioned challenges and propose a novel autoregressive diffusion-based framework with a visual memory module that implicitly captures the actor and background context across the generated frames. Sentence-conditioned soft attention over the memories enables effective reference resolution and learns to maintain scene and actor consistency when needed. To validate the effectiveness of our approach, we extend the MUGEN dataset and introduce additional characters, backgrounds and referencing in multi-sentence storylines. Our experiments for story generation on the MUGEN, the PororoSV and the FlintstonesSV dataset show that our method not only outperforms prior state-of-the-art in generating frames with high visual quality, which are consistent with the story, but also models appropriate correspondences between the characters and the background.

给定一系列自然语言描述，我们的任务是生成与文本相对应的3D人类动作，并遵循指令的时间顺序。特别是，我们的目标是实现一系列动作的综合，我们将其称为时间动作组成。文本条件运动合成中的艺术现状仅采用单个动作或单个句子作为输入。这部分是由于缺乏包含动作序列的合适训练数据，但这也是由于其非自动进取模型公式的计算复杂性，该计算的规模不能很好地扩展到长序列。在这项工作中，我们解决了这两个问题。首先，我们利用了最近的Babel运动文本集合，该收藏品具有广泛的标记作用，其中许多作用以它们之间的过渡为顺序。接下来，我们设计了一种基于变压器的方法，该方法在动作中进行非自动打击，但在动作序列中进行自动加工。与多个基线相比，这种层次配方在我们的实验中被证明有效。我们的方法被称为“为人类动作的时间动作组成”教授，为各种各样的动作和语言描述中的时间构成产生了现实的人类动作。为了鼓励从事这项新任务的工作，我们将代码用于研究目的，以$ \ href {toch.is.tue.mpg.de} {\ textrm {我们的网站}} $。

随着信息中的各种方式存在于现实世界中的各种方式，多式联信息之间的有效互动和融合在计算机视觉和深度学习研究中的多模式数据的创造和感知中起着关键作用。通过卓越的功率，在多式联运信息中建模互动，多式联运图像合成和编辑近年来已成为一个热门研究主题。与传统的视觉指导不同，提供明确的线索，多式联路指南在图像合成和编辑方面提供直观和灵活的手段。另一方面，该领域也面临着具有固有的模态差距的特征的几个挑战，高分辨率图像的合成，忠实的评估度量等。在本调查中，我们全面地阐述了最近多式联运图像综合的进展根据数据模型和模型架构编辑和制定分类。我们从图像合成和编辑中的不同类型的引导方式开始介绍。然后，我们描述了多模式图像综合和编辑方法，其具有详细的框架，包括生成的对抗网络（GAN），GaN反转，变压器和其他方法，例如NERF和扩散模型。其次是在多模式图像合成和编辑中广泛采用的基准数据集和相应的评估度量的综合描述，以及分析各个优点和限制的不同合成方法的详细比较。最后，我们为目前的研究挑战和未来的研究方向提供了深入了解。与本调查相关的项目可在HTTPS://github.com/fnzhan/mise上获得

我们提出了一个基于神经网络的系统，用于长期，多动能人类运动合成。该系统被称为神经木偶，可以从简单的用户输入中平稳过渡，包括带有预期动作持续时间的动作标签，以及如果用户指定的话，则可以产生高质量和有意义的动作。我们系统的核心是一种基于变压器的新型运动生成模型，即Marionet，它可以在给定的动作标签给定不同的动作。与现有运动生成模型不同，Marionet利用了过去的运动剪辑和未来动作标签的上下文信息，专门用于生成可以平稳融合历史和未来动作的动作。具体而言，Marionet首先将目标动作标签和上下文信息编码为动作级潜在代码。该代码通过时间展开模块将代码展开为帧级控制信号，然后可以将其与其他帧级控制信号（如目标轨迹）结合使用。然后以自动回归方式生成运动帧。通过依次应用木偶，系统神经木偶可以借助两个简单的方案（即“影子开始”和“动作修订”）来稳健地产生长期的多动作运动。与新型系统一起，我们还提供了一个专门针对多动运动综合任务的新数据集，其中包含动作标签及其上下文信息。进行了广泛的实验，以研究我们系统产生的动作的动作准确性，自然主义和过渡平滑度。

扩散概率模型（DPM）由于其有希望的结果和对跨模式合成的支持，已成为有条件产生的流行方法。条件合成中的一个关键逃亡者是在条件输入和生成的输出之间实现高对应。大多数现有方法通过将先验纳入变异下限中，隐含地学习了这种关系。在这项工作中，我们采用了另一条路线 - 我们通过使用对比度学习来最大化其共同信息来增强输入输出连接。为此，我们引入了有条件的离散对比扩散（CDCD）损失，并设计了两种对比扩散机制，以有效地将其纳入剥离过程中。我们通过将CDCD与传统的变分目标联系起来来制定CDCD。我们证明了我们的方法在三种多种多样的条件合成任务中的评估中的功效：舞蹈到音乐的生成，文本到图像综合和班级调节图像综合。在每个方面，我们达到最新的或更高的合成质量并提高输入输出对应关系。此外，提出的方法改善了扩散模型的收敛性，将所需扩散步骤的数量减少了两个基准的35％以上，从而大大提高了推理速度。

Achieving multiple genres and long-term choreography sequences from given music is a challenging task, due to the lack of a multi-genre dataset. To tackle this problem,we propose a Multi Art Genre Intelligent Choreography Dataset (MagicDance). The data of MagicDance is captured from professional dancers assisted by motion capture technicians. It has a total of 8 hours 3D motioncapture human dances with paired music, and 16 different dance genres. To the best of our knowledge, MagicDance is the 3D dance dataset with the most genres. In addition, we find that the existing two types of methods (generation-based method and synthesis-based method) can only satisfy one of the diversity and duration, but they can complement to some extent. Based on this observation, we also propose a generation-synthesis choreography network (MagicNet), which cascades a Diffusion-based 3D Diverse Dance fragments Generation Network (3DGNet) and a Genre&Coherent aware Retrieval Module (GCRM). The former can generate various dance fragments from only one music clip. The latter is utilized to select the best dance fragment generated by 3DGNet and switch them into a complete dance according to the genre and coherent matching score. Quantitative and qualitative experiments demonstrate the quality of MagicDance, and the state-of-the-art performance of MagicNet.

我们的目标是从规定的行动类别中解决从规定的行动类别创造多元化和自然人动作视频的有趣但具有挑战性的问题。关键问题在于能够在视觉外观中综合多种不同的运动序列。在本文中通过两步过程实现，该两步处理维持内部3D姿势和形状表示，Action2Motion和Motion2Video。 Action2Motion随机生成规定的动作类别的合理的3D姿势序列，该类别由Motion2Video进行处理和呈现，以形成2D视频。具体而言，Lie代数理论从事人类运动学的物理法之后代表自然人动作;开发了一种促进输出运动的分集的时间变化自动编码器（VAE）。此外，给定衣服人物的额外输入图像，提出了整个管道以提取他/她的3D详细形状，并在视频中呈现来自不同视图的合理运动。这是通过改进从单个2D图像中提取3D人类形状和纹理，索引，动画和渲染的现有方法来实现这一点，以形成人类运动的2D视频。它还需要3D人类运动数据集的策策和成果进行培训目的。彻底的经验实验，包括消融研究，定性和定量评估表现出我们的方法的适用性，并展示了解决相关任务的竞争力，其中我们的方法的组成部分与最先进的方式比较。

我们提出了一种使用变异隐式神经表示（INR）的动作条件人类运动产生方法。变分形式主义可以使INR的动作条件分布，从中可以轻松地采样表示形式以产生新的人类运动序列。我们的方法通过构造提供可变的长度序列生成，因为INR的一部分已针对随时间嵌入的整个任意长度进行了优化。相反，以前的作品报告了建模可变长度序列的困难。我们证实，使用变压器解码器的方法优于人类Act12，NTU-RGBD和UESTC数据集的所有相关方法，从现实主义和生成动作的多样性方面。令人惊讶的是，即使我们使用MLP解码器的方法也始终优于最先进的基于变压器的自动编码器。特别是，我们表明，在现实主义和多样性方面，我们方法生成的可变长度运动比最先进方法产生的固定长度运动更好。 https://github.com/pacerv/implicitmotion上的代码。

In this work, we present a novel framework built to simplify 3D asset generation for amateur users. To enable interactive generation, our method supports a variety of input modalities that can be easily provided by a human, including images, text, partially observed shapes and combinations of these, further allowing to adjust the strength of each input. At the core of our approach is an encoder-decoder, compressing 3D shapes into a compact latent representation, upon which a diffusion model is learned. To enable a variety of multi-modal inputs, we employ task-specific encoders with dropout followed by a cross-attention mechanism. Due to its flexibility, our model naturally supports a variety of tasks, outperforming prior works on shape completion, image-based 3D reconstruction, and text-to-3D. Most interestingly, our model can combine all these tasks into one swiss-army-knife tool, enabling the user to perform shape generation using incomplete shapes, images, and textual descriptions at the same time, providing the relative weights for each input and facilitating interactivity. Despite our approach being shape-only, we further show an efficient method to texture the generated shape using large-scale text-to-image models.

神经网络的出现彻底改变了运动合成领域。然而，学会从给定的分布中无条件合成动作仍然是一项具有挑战性的任务，尤其是当动作高度多样化时。我们提出了Modi，这是一种无条件的生成模型，可以合成各种动作。我们的模型在完全无监督的环境中训练，从多样化，非结构化和未标记的运动数据集中进行了训练，并产生了一个行为良好，高度语义的潜在空间。我们的模型的设计遵循StyleGAN的多产架构，并将其两个关键技术组件调整为运动域：一组样式编码，这些样式编码注入了生成器层次结构的每个级别和映射功能，并形成了一个学习和形成一个分离的潜在空间。我们表明，尽管数据集中缺乏任何结构，但潜在空间可以在语义上聚集，并促进语义编辑和运动插值。此外，我们提出了一种将未见动作转向潜在空间的技术，并展示了基于潜在的运动编辑操作，否则这些动作无法通过天真地操纵明确的运动表示无法实现。我们的定性和定量实验表明，我们的框架达到了最新的合成质量，可以遵循高度多样化的运动数据集的分布。代码和训练有素的模型将在https://sigal-raab.github.io/modi上发布。