在许多计算机视觉子域中,图像降级仍然是一个具有挑战性的问题。最近的研究表明,在有监督的环境中取得了重大改进。但是,很少有挑战(例如空间忠诚度和类似卡通的平滑度)仍未解决或果断地忽略。我们的研究提出了一个简单而有效的架构,用于解决上述问题的降级问题。所提出的体系结构重新审视了模块化串联的概念,而不是长时间和更深的级联连接,以恢复给定图像的更清洁近似。我们发现不同的模块可以捕获多功能表示形式,而串联表示为低级图像恢复创造了更丰富的子空间。所提出的架构的参数数量仍然小于以前的大多数网络的数量,并且仍然对当前最新网络进行了重大改进。
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现实世界图像Denoising是一个实用的图像恢复问题,旨在从野外嘈杂的输入中获取干净的图像。最近,Vision Transformer(VIT)表现出强大的捕获远程依赖性的能力,许多研究人员试图将VIT应用于图像DeNosing任务。但是,现实世界的图像是一个孤立的框架,它使VIT构建了内部贴片的远程依赖性,该依赖性将图像分为贴片并混乱噪声模式和梯度连续性。在本文中,我们建议通过使用连续的小波滑动转换器来解决此问题,该小波滑动转换器在现实世界中构建频率对应关系,称为dnswin。具体而言,我们首先使用CNN编码器从嘈杂的输入图像中提取底部功能。 DNSWIN的关键是将高频和低频信息与功能和构建频率依赖性分开。为此,我们提出了小波滑动窗口变压器,该变压器利用离散的小波变换,自我注意力和逆离散小波变换来提取深度特征。最后,我们使用CNN解码器将深度特征重建为DeNo的图像。对现实世界的基准测试的定量和定性评估都表明,拟议的DNSWIN对最新方法的表现良好。
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Image restoration tasks demand a complex balance between spatial details and high-level contextualized information while recovering images. In this paper, we propose a novel synergistic design that can optimally balance these competing goals. Our main proposal is a multi-stage architecture, that progressively learns restoration functions for the degraded inputs, thereby breaking down the overall recovery process into more manageable steps. Specifically, our model first learns the contextualized features using encoder-decoder architectures and later combines them with a high-resolution branch that retains local information. At each stage, we introduce a novel per-pixel adaptive design that leverages in-situ supervised attention to reweight the local features. A key ingredient in such a multi-stage architecture is the information exchange between different stages. To this end, we propose a twofaceted approach where the information is not only exchanged sequentially from early to late stages, but lateral connections between feature processing blocks also exist to avoid any loss of information. The resulting tightly interlinked multi-stage architecture, named as MPRNet, delivers strong performance gains on ten datasets across a range of tasks including image deraining, deblurring, and denoising. The source code and pre-trained models are available at https://github.com/swz30/MPRNet.
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派生是一个重要而基本的计算机视觉任务,旨在消除在下雨天捕获的图像或视频中的雨条纹和累积。现有的派威方法通常会使雨水模型的启发式假设,这迫使它们采用复杂的优化或迭代细化以获得高回收质量。然而,这导致耗时的方法,并影响解决从假设偏离的雨水模式的有效性。在本文中,我们通过在没有复杂的雨水模型假设的情况下,通过在没有复杂的雨水模型假设的情况下制定污染作为预测滤波问题的简单而有效的污染方法。具体地,我们识别通过深网络自适应地预测适当的核的空间变型预测滤波(SPFILT以过滤不同的各个像素。由于滤波可以通过加速卷积来实现,因此我们的方法可以显着效率。我们进一步提出了eFderain +,其中包含三个主要贡献来解决残留的雨迹,多尺度和多样化的雨水模式而不会损害效率。首先,我们提出了不确定感知的级联预测滤波(UC-PFILT),其可以通过预测的内核来识别重建清洁像素的困难,并有效地移除残留的雨水迹线。其次,我们设计重量共享多尺度扩张过滤(WS-MS-DFILT),以处理多尺度雨条纹,而不会损害效率。第三,消除各种雨水模式的差距,我们提出了一种新颖的数据增强方法(即Rainmix)来培养我们的深层模型。通过对不同变体的复杂分析的所有贡献相结合,我们的最终方法在恢复质量和速度方面优于四个单像辐照数据集和一个视频派威数据集的基线方法。
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降解的图像通常存在于字符图像的一般来源中,从而导致特征识别结果不令人满意。现有的方法有专门的努力来恢复降级的角色图像。但是,这些方法获得的降解结果似乎并不能提高字符识别性能。这主要是因为当前方法仅着眼于像素级信息,而忽略了角色的关键特征,例如其字形,从而在脱索过程中导致字符标志性损害。在本文中,我们介绍了一个基于字形融合和注意力机制(即Churformer)的新型通用框架,以精确地恢复角色图像而不改变其固有的字形。与现有的框架不同,Charformer引入了一个并行目标任务,用于捕获其他信息并将其注入DICONISE骨架的图像,这将在字符图像DeNoising期间保持角色字形的一致性。此外,我们利用基于注意力的网络进行全局本地特征交互,这将有助于处理盲目的denoising和增强deNoSising绩效。我们将Charformer与多个数据集上的最新方法进行比较。实验结果表明了杂形和质量上的优势。
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随着移动设备的快速开发,现代使用的手机通常允许用户捕获4K分辨率(即超高定义)图像。然而,对于图像进行示范,在低级视觉中,一项艰巨的任务,现有作品通常是在低分辨率或合成图像上进行的。因此,这些方法对4K分辨率图像的有效性仍然未知。在本文中,我们探索了Moire模式的删除,以进行超高定义图像。为此,我们提出了第一个超高定义的演示数据集(UHDM),其中包含5,000个现实世界4K分辨率图像对,并对当前最新方法进行基准研究。此外,我们提出了一个有效的基线模型ESDNET来解决4K Moire图像,其中我们构建了一个语义对准的比例感知模块来解决Moire模式的尺度变化。广泛的实验表明了我们的方法的有效性,这可以超过最轻巧的优于最先进的方法。代码和数据集可在https://xinyu-andy.github.io/uhdm-page上找到。
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在过去几年中,深度卷积神经网络在低光图像增强中取得了令人印象深刻的成功。深度学习方法大多通过堆叠网络结构并加深网络深度来提高特征提取的能力。在单个时导致更多的运行时间成本为了减少推理时间,在完全提取本地特征和全局特征的同时,我们通过SGN定期,我们提出了基于广泛的自我引导网络(Absgn)的现实世界低灯图像增强。策略是一种广泛的策略处理不同曝光的噪音。所提出的网络被许多主流基准验证.Aditional实验结果表明,所提出的网络优于最先进的低光图像增强解决方案。
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卷积神经网络(CNNS)成功地进行了压缩图像感测。然而,由于局部性和重量共享的归纳偏差,卷积操作证明了建模远程依赖性的内在限制。变压器,最初作为序列到序列模型设计,在捕获由于基于自我关注的架构而捕获的全局背景中,即使它可以配备有限的本地化能力。本文提出了一种混合框架,一个混合框架,其集成了从CNN提供的借用的优点以及变压器提供的全局上下文,以获得增强的表示学习。所提出的方法是由自适应采样和恢复组成的端到端压缩图像感测方法。在采样模块中,通过学习的采样矩阵测量图像逐块。在重建阶段,将测量投射到双杆中。一个是用于通过卷积建模邻域关系的CNN杆,另一个是用于采用全球自我关注机制的变压器杆。双分支结构是并发,并且本地特征和全局表示在不同的分辨率下融合,以最大化功能的互补性。此外,我们探索一个渐进的战略和基于窗口的变压器块,以降低参数和计算复杂性。实验结果表明了基于专用变压器的架构进行压缩感测的有效性,与不同数据集的最先进方法相比,实现了卓越的性能。
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Recently, very deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been attracting considerable attention in image restoration. However, as the depth grows, the long-term dependency problem is rarely realized for these very deep models, which results in the prior states/layers having little influence on the subsequent ones. Motivated by the fact that human thoughts have persistency, we propose a very deep persistent memory network (MemNet) that introduces a memory block, consisting of a recursive unit and a gate unit, to explicitly mine persistent memory through an adaptive learning process. The recursive unit learns multi-level representations of the current state under different receptive fields. The representations and the outputs from the previous memory blocks are concatenated and sent to the gate unit, which adaptively controls how much of the previous states should be reserved, and decides how much of the current state should be stored. We apply MemNet to three image restoration tasks, i.e., image denosing, superresolution and JPEG deblocking. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate the necessity of the MemNet and its unanimous superiority on all three tasks over the state of the arts. Code is available at https://github.com/ tyshiwo/MemNet.
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使用注意机制的深度卷积神经网络(CNN)在动态场景中取得了巨大的成功。在大多数这些网络中,只能通过注意图精炼的功能传递到下一层,并且不同层的注意力图彼此分开,这并不能充分利用来自CNN中不同层的注意信息。为了解决这个问题,我们引入了一种新的连续跨层注意传播(CCLAT)机制,该机制可以利用所有卷积层的分层注意信息。基于CCLAT机制,我们使用非常简单的注意模块来构建一个新型残留的密集注意融合块(RDAFB)。在RDAFB中,从上述RDAFB的输出中推断出的注意图和每一层直接连接到后续的映射,从而导致CRLAT机制。以RDAFB为基础,我们为动态场景Deblurring设计了一个名为RDAFNET的有效体系结构。基准数据集上的实验表明,所提出的模型的表现优于最先进的脱毛方法,并证明了CCLAT机制的有效性。源代码可在以下网址提供:https://github.com/xjmz6/rdafnet。
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在光子 - 稀缺情况下的成像引入了许多应用的挑战,因为捕获的图像具有低信噪比和较差的亮度。在本文中,我们通过模拟量子图像传感器(QIS)的成像来研究低光子计数条件下的原始图像恢复。我们开发了一个轻量级框架,由多级金字塔去噪网络(MPDNET)和亮度调整(LA)模块组成,以实现单独的去噪和亮度增强。我们框架的主要组成部分是多跳过的剩余块(MARB),其集成了多尺度特征融合和注意机制,以实现更好的特征表示。我们的MPDNET采用拉普拉斯金字塔的想法,以了解不同级别的小规模噪声图和大规模的高频细节,在多尺度输入图像上进行特征提取,以编码更丰富的上下文信息。我们的LA模块通过估计其照明来增强去噪图像的亮度,这可以更好地避免颜色变形。广泛的实验结果表明,通过抑制噪声并有效地恢复亮度和颜色,我们的图像恢复器可以在具有各种光子水平的具有各种光子水平的降解图像上实现优异的性能。
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Image restoration is a long-standing low-level vision problem that aims to restore high-quality images from lowquality images (e.g., downscaled, noisy and compressed images). While state-of-the-art image restoration methods are based on convolutional neural networks, few attempts have been made with Transformers which show impressive performance on high-level vision tasks. In this paper, we propose a strong baseline model SwinIR for image restoration based on the Swin Transformer. SwinIR consists of three parts: shallow feature extraction, deep feature extraction and high-quality image reconstruction. In particular, the deep feature extraction module is composed of several residual Swin Transformer blocks (RSTB), each of which has several Swin Transformer layers together with a residual connection. We conduct experiments on three representative tasks: image super-resolution (including classical, lightweight and real-world image super-resolution), image denoising (including grayscale and color image denoising) and JPEG compression artifact reduction. Experimental results demonstrate that SwinIR outperforms state-of-the-art methods on different tasks by up to 0.14∼0.45dB, while the total number of parameters can be reduced by up to 67%.
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A very deep convolutional neural network (CNN) has recently achieved great success for image super-resolution (SR) and offered hierarchical features as well. However, most deep CNN based SR models do not make full use of the hierarchical features from the original low-resolution (LR) images, thereby achieving relatively-low performance. In this paper, we propose a novel residual dense network (RDN) to address this problem in image SR. We fully exploit the hierarchical features from all the convolutional layers. Specifically, we propose residual dense block (RDB) to extract abundant local features via dense connected convolutional layers. RDB further allows direct connections from the state of preceding RDB to all the layers of current RDB, leading to a contiguous memory (CM) mechanism. Local feature fusion in RDB is then used to adaptively learn more effective features from preceding and current local features and stabilizes the training of wider network. After fully obtaining dense local features, we use global feature fusion to jointly and adaptively learn global hierarchical features in a holistic way. Experiments on benchmark datasets with different degradation models show that our RDN achieves favorable performance against state-of-the-art methods.
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最近,卷积神经网络(CNN)已被广泛用于图像DeNoising。现有方法受益于剩余学习并获得高性能。许多研究都注意到优化CNN的网络体系结构,但忽略了残留学习的局限性。本文提出了两个局限性。一个是残留学习的重点是估计噪声,从而忽略图像信息。另一个是图像自相似性没有被有效考虑。本文提出了一个组成剥落网络(CDN),其图像信息路径(IIP)和噪声估计路径(NEP)将分别解决这两个问题。 IIP通过图像到图像的方法来培训图像信息。对于NEP,它从训练的角度利用了图像自相似性。这种基于相似性的训练方法将NEP限制为输出具有特定类型噪声的不同图像贴片的相似估计噪声分布。最后,将全面考虑图像信息和噪声分布信息,以进行图像denoising。实验表明,CDN达到最新的结果会导致合成和现实世界图像降解。我们的代码将在https://github.com/jiahongz/cdn上发布。
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由于卷积神经网络(CNNS)在从大规模数据中进行了学习的可概括图像前沿执行井,因此这些模型已被广泛地应用于图像恢复和相关任务。最近,另一类神经架构,变形金刚表现出对自然语言和高级视觉任务的显着性能。虽然变压器模型减轻了CNNS的缺点(即,有限的接收领域并对输入内容而无关),但其计算复杂性以空间分辨率二次大转,因此可以对涉及高分辨率图像的大多数图像恢复任务应用得不可行。在这项工作中,我们通过在构建块(多头关注和前锋网络)中进行多个关键设计,提出了一种有效的变压器模型,使得它可以捕获远程像素相互作用,同时仍然适用于大图像。我们的模型,命名恢复变压器(RESTORMER),实现了最先进的结果,导致几种图像恢复任务,包括图像派生,单图像运动脱棕,散焦去纹(单图像和双像素数据)和图像去噪(高斯灰度/颜色去噪,真实的图像去噪)。源代码和预先训练的型号可在https://github.com/swz30/restormer上获得。
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随着深度学习(DL)的出现,超分辨率(SR)也已成为一个蓬勃发展的研究领域。然而,尽管结果有希望,但该领域仍然面临需要进一步研究的挑战,例如,允许灵活地采样,更有效的损失功能和更好的评估指标。我们根据最近的进步来回顾SR的域,并检查最新模型,例如扩散(DDPM)和基于变压器的SR模型。我们对SR中使用的当代策略进行了批判性讨论,并确定了有前途但未开发的研究方向。我们通过纳入该领域的最新发展,例如不确定性驱动的损失,小波网络,神经体系结构搜索,新颖的归一化方法和最新评估技术来补充先前的调查。我们还为整章中的模型和方法提供了几种可视化,以促进对该领域趋势的全球理解。最终,这篇综述旨在帮助研究人员推动DL应用于SR的界限。
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Multi-Scale and U-shaped Networks are widely used in various image restoration problems, including deblurring. Keeping in mind the wide range of applications, we present a comparison of these architectures and their effects on image deblurring. We also introduce a new block called as NFResblock. It consists of a Fast Fourier Transformation layer and a series of modified Non-Linear Activation Free Blocks. Based on these architectures and additions, we introduce NFResnet and NFResnet+, which are modified multi-scale and U-Net architectures, respectively. We also use three different loss functions to train these architectures: Charbonnier Loss, Edge Loss, and Frequency Reconstruction Loss. Extensive experiments on the Deep Video Deblurring dataset, along with ablation studies for each component, have been presented in this paper. The proposed architectures achieve a considerable increase in Peak Signal to Noise (PSNR) ratio and Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) value.
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图像超分辨率(SR)是重要的图像处理方法之一,可改善计算机视野领域的图像分辨率。在过去的二十年中,在超级分辨率领域取得了重大进展,尤其是通过使用深度学习方法。这项调查是为了在深度学习的角度进行详细的调查,对单像超分辨率的最新进展进行详细的调查,同时还将告知图像超分辨率的初始经典方法。该调查将图像SR方法分类为四个类别,即经典方法,基于学习的方法,无监督学习的方法和特定领域的SR方法。我们还介绍了SR的问题,以提供有关图像质量指标,可用参考数据集和SR挑战的直觉。使用参考数据集评估基于深度学习的方法。一些审查的最先进的图像SR方法包括增强的深SR网络(EDSR),周期循环gan(Cincgan),多尺度残留网络(MSRN),Meta残留密度网络(META-RDN) ,反复反射网络(RBPN),二阶注意网络(SAN),SR反馈网络(SRFBN)和基于小波的残留注意网络(WRAN)。最后,这项调查以研究人员将解决SR的未来方向和趋势和开放问题的未来方向和趋势。
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Discriminative model learning for image denoising has been recently attracting considerable attentions due to its favorable denoising performance. In this paper, we take one step forward by investigating the construction of feed-forward denoising convolutional neural networks (DnCNNs) to embrace the progress in very deep architecture, learning algorithm, and regularization method into image denoising. Specifically, residual learning and batch normalization are utilized to speed up the training process as well as boost the denoising performance. Different from the existing discriminative denoising models which usually train a specific model for additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) at a certain noise level, our DnCNN model is able to handle Gaussian denoising with unknown noise level (i.e., blind Gaussian denoising). With the residual learning strategy, DnCNN implicitly removes the latent clean image in the hidden layers. This property motivates us to train a single DnCNN model to tackle with several general image denoising tasks such as Gaussian denoising, single image super-resolution and JPEG image deblocking. Our extensive experiments demonstrate that our DnCNN model can not only exhibit high effectiveness in several general image denoising tasks, but also be efficiently implemented by benefiting from GPU computing.
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Recently, Transformer-based image restoration networks have achieved promising improvements over convolutional neural networks due to parameter-independent global interactions. To lower computational cost, existing works generally limit self-attention computation within non-overlapping windows. However, each group of tokens are always from a dense area of the image. This is considered as a dense attention strategy since the interactions of tokens are restrained in dense regions. Obviously, this strategy could result in restricted receptive fields. To address this issue, we propose Attention Retractable Transformer (ART) for image restoration, which presents both dense and sparse attention modules in the network. The sparse attention module allows tokens from sparse areas to interact and thus provides a wider receptive field. Furthermore, the alternating application of dense and sparse attention modules greatly enhances representation ability of Transformer while providing retractable attention on the input image.We conduct extensive experiments on image super-resolution, denoising, and JPEG compression artifact reduction tasks. Experimental results validate that our proposed ART outperforms state-of-the-art methods on various benchmark datasets both quantitatively and visually. We also provide code and models at the website https://github.com/gladzhang/ART.
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