本文介绍了为法律领域设计域特定的对话代理面临的挑战的关键原则和解决方案。它包括范围，平台，架构和输入数据的准备问题。它提供回答用户查询和记录用户信息，包括联系人详细信息和与案例相关信息的功能。它利用亚马逊Web服务（AWS）Lex后建立的深度学习技术与AWS Lambda相结合。由于缺乏公开的数据，我们确定了两种方法，包括众包实验和存档的查询，以制定许多语言资源。这包括训练数据集，对话代理的一组预定响应，一组回归测试用例和进一步的对话测试集。我们提出了一种分层BOT结构，便于多级别委派并在回归测试集上报告模型准确性。此外，我们突出显示添加到BOT的功能，以改善对话流程和整体用户体验。

Any organization needs to improve their products, services, and processes. In this context, engaging with customers and understanding their journey is essential. Organizations have leveraged various techniques and technologies to support customer engagement, from call centres to chatbots and virtual agents. Recently, these systems have used Machine Learning (ML) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) to analyze large volumes of customer feedback and engagement data. The goal is to understand customers in context and provide meaningful answers across various channels. Despite multiple advances in Conversational Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Recommender Systems (RS), it is still challenging to understand the intent behind customer questions during the customer journey. To address this challenge, in this paper, we study and analyze the recent work in Conversational Recommender Systems (CRS) in general and, more specifically, in chatbot-based CRS. We introduce a pipeline to contextualize the input utterances in conversations. We then take the next step towards leveraging reverse feature engineering to link the contextualized input and learning model to support intent recognition. Since performance evaluation is achieved based on different ML models, we use transformer base models to evaluate the proposed approach using a labelled dialogue dataset (MSDialogue) of question-answering interactions between information seekers and answer providers.

这项工作提出了一个新的对话数据集，即cookdial，该数据集促进了对任务知识了解的面向任务的对话系统的研究。该语料库包含260个以人类对任务为导向的对话框，其中代理给出了配方文档，指导用户烹饪菜肴。 Cookdial中的对话框展示了两个独特的功能：（i）对话流与支持文档之间的程序对齐； （ii）复杂的代理决策涉及分割长句子，解释硬说明并在对话框上下文中解决核心。此外，我们在假定的面向任务的对话框系统中确定了三个具有挑战性的（子）任务：（1）用户问题理解，（2）代理操作框架预测和（3）代理响应生成。对于这些任务中的每一个，我们都会开发一个神经基线模型，我们在cookdial数据集上进行了评估。我们公开发布烹饪数据集，包括对话框和食谱文档的丰富注释，以刺激对特定于域的文档接地对话框系统的进一步研究。

在过去的十年中，对对话系统的兴趣已经大大增长。从扩展过程中，也有兴趣开发和改进意图分类和插槽填充模型，这是两个组件，这些组件通常在以任务为导向的对话框系统中使用。此外，良好的评估基准对于帮助比较和分析结合此类模型的系统很重要。不幸的是，该领域的许多文献仅限于对相对较少的基准数据集的分析。为了促进针对任务的对话系统的更强大的分析，我们对意图分类和插槽填充任务进行了公开可用数据集的调查。我们分类每个数据集的重要特征，并就每个数据集的适用性，优势和劣势进行讨论。我们的目标是，这项调查有助于提高这些数据集的可访问性，我们希望它们能够在未来评估意图分类和填充插槽模型中用于以任务为导向的对话框系统。

We introduce BotSIM, a modular, open-source Bot SIMulation environment with dialog generation, user simulation and conversation analytics capabilities. BotSIM aims to serve as a one-stop solution for large-scale data-efficient end-to-end evaluation, diagnosis and remediation of commercial task-oriented dialog (TOD) systems to significantly accelerate commercial bot development and evaluation, reduce cost and time-to-market. BotSIM adopts a layered design comprising the infrastructure layer, the adaptor layer and the application layer. The infrastructure layer hosts key models and components to support BotSIM's major functionalities via a streamlined "generation-simulation-remediation" pipeline. The adaptor layer is used to extend BotSIM to accommodate new bot platforms. The application layer provides a suite of command line tools and a Web App to significantly lower the entry barrier for BotSIM users such as bot admins or practitioners. In this report, we focus on the technical designs of various system components. A detailed case study using Einstein BotBuilder is also presented to show how to apply BotSIM pipeline for bot evaluation and remediation. The detailed system descriptions can be found in our system demo paper. The toolkit is available at: https://github.com/salesforce/BotSIM .

We present BotSIM, a data-efficient end-to-end Bot SIMulation toolkit for commercial text-based task-oriented dialog (TOD) systems. BotSIM consists of three major components: 1) a Generator that can infer semantic-level dialog acts and entities from bot definitions and generate user queries via model-based paraphrasing; 2) an agenda-based dialog user Simulator (ABUS) to simulate conversations with the dialog agents; 3) a Remediator to analyze the simulated conversations, visualize the bot health reports and provide actionable remediation suggestions for bot troubleshooting and improvement. We demonstrate BotSIM's effectiveness in end-to-end evaluation, remediation and multi-intent dialog generation via case studies on two commercial bot platforms. BotSIM's "generation-simulation-remediation" paradigm accelerates the end-to-end bot evaluation and iteration process by: 1) reducing manual test cases creation efforts; 2) enabling a holistic gauge of the bot in terms of NLU and end-to-end performance via extensive dialog simulation; 3) improving the bot troubleshooting process with actionable suggestions. A demo of our system can be found at https://tinyurl.com/mryu74cd and a demo video at https://youtu.be/qLi5iSoly30. We have open-sourced the toolkit at https://github.com/salesforce/botsim

This paper presents a conversational AI platform called Flowstorm. Flowstorm is an open-source SaaS project suitable for creating, running, and analyzing conversational applications. Thanks to the fast and fully automated build process, the dialogues created within the platform can be executed in seconds. Furthermore, we propose a novel dialogue architecture that uses a combination of tree structures with generative models. The tree structures are also used for training NLU models suitable for specific dialogue scenarios. However, the generative models are globally used across applications and extend the functionality of the dialogue trees. Moreover, the platform functionality benefits from out-of-the-box components, such as the one responsible for extracting data from utterances or working with crawled data. Additionally, it can be extended using a custom code directly in the platform. One of the essential features of the platform is the possibility to reuse the created assets across applications. There is a library of prepared assets where each developer can contribute. All of the features are available through a user-friendly visual editor.

我们提出了Tacobot，这是为首届Alexa Prive Taskbot Challenge构建的面向任务的对话系统，该系统可帮助用户完成多步骤烹饪和家庭装修任务。Tacobot的设计采用以用户为中心的原则，并渴望提供协作且易于访问的对话体验。为此，它具有准确的语言理解，灵活的对话管理和引人入胜的响应生成。此外，Tacobot还以强大的搜索引擎和自动化的端到端测试套件为支持。在引导Tacobot的开发中，我们探索了一系列数据增强策略，以训练先进的神经语言处理模型，并通过收集的真实对话不断改善对话经验。在半决赛结束时，Tacobot的平均评分为3.55/5.0。

Chatbots已经彻底改变了人类与计算机系统互动的方式，他们替代了服务代理，呼叫中心代表等。健身行业一直是一种不断增长的行业，尽管它还没有适应AI，ML和云计算等最新技术。在本文中，我们建议使用IBM Watson开发适合健身管理的聊天栏，并将其与Web应用程序集成。我们建议使用自然语言处理（NLP）和自然语言理解（NLU）以及为Chatbot Assistant提供的IBM Cloud Watson框架。该软件采用无服务器架构，通过提供饮食计划，家庭练习，互动咨询会，健身建议，将专业的服务结合起来。

问答系统被认为是流行且经常有效的信息在网络上寻求信息的手段。在这样的系统中，寻求信息者可以通过自然语言提出问题来获得对他们的查询的简短回应。交互式问题回答是一种最近提出且日益流行的解决方案，它位于问答和对话系统的交集。一方面，用户可以以普通语言提出问题，并找到对她的询问的实际回答；另一方面，如果在初始请求中有多个可能的答复，很少或歧义，则系统可以将问题交通会话延长到对话中。通过允许用户提出更多问题，交互式问题回答使用户能够与系统动态互动并获得更精确的结果。这项调查提供了有关当前文献中普遍存在的交互式提问方法的详细概述。它首先要解释提问系统的基本原理，从而定义新的符号和分类法，以将所有已确定的作品结合在统一框架内。然后，根据提出的方法，评估方法和数据集/应用程序域来介绍和检查有关交互式问题解答系统的审查已发表的工作。我们还描述了围绕社区提出的特定任务和问题的趋势，从而阐明了学者的未来利益。 GitHub页面的综合综合了本文献研究中涵盖的所有主要主题，我们的工作得到了进一步的支持。 https://sisinflab.github.io/interactive-question-answering-systems-survey/

与具有粗粒度信息的Crosswoz（中文）和多发性（英文）数据集相比，没有数据集，可以正确处理细粒度和分层级别信息。在本文中，我们在香港发布了一份粤语知识驱动的对话数据集（KDDRES），将多转谈话中的信息放在一个特定的餐厅。我们的语料库包含0.8k次谈话，它来自10家餐厅，提供不同地区的各种风格。除此之外，我们还设计了细粒度的插槽和意图，以更好地捕获语义信息。基准实验和数据统计分析显示了我们数据集的多样性和丰富的注释。我们认为，KDDRE的出版可以是当前对话数据集的必要补充，以及社会中小企业（中小企业）更适合和更有价值，如为每家餐馆建立定制的对话系统。语料库和基准模型是公开可用的。

One of the biggest challenges of natural language generation (NLG) is the proper handling of named entities. Named entities are a common source of grammar mistakes such as wrong prepositions, wrong article handling, or incorrect entity inflection. Without factoring linguistic representation, such errors are often underrepresented when evaluating on a small set of arbitrarily picked argument values, or when translating a dataset from a linguistically simpler language, like English, to a linguistically complex language, like Russian. However, for some applications, broadly precise grammatical correctness is critical -- native speakers may find entity-related grammar errors silly, jarring, or even offensive. To enable the creation of more linguistically diverse NLG datasets, we release a Corpus of Linguistically Significant Entities (CLSE) annotated by linguist experts. The corpus includes 34 languages and covers 74 different semantic types to support various applications from airline ticketing to video games. To demonstrate one possible use of CLSE, we produce an augmented version of the Schema-Guided Dialog Dataset, SGD-CLSE. Using the CLSE's entities and a small number of human translations, we create a linguistically representative NLG evaluation benchmark in three languages: French (high-resource), Marathi (low-resource), and Russian (highly inflected language). We establish quality baselines for neural, template-based, and hybrid NLG systems and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of each approach.

自2016年成立以来，Alexa奖计划使数百名大学生能够通过Socialbot Grand Challenge探索和竞争以发展对话代理商。挑战的目的是建立能够与人类在流行主题上连贯而诱人的代理人20分钟，同时达到至少4.0/5.0的平均评分。但是，由于对话代理商试图帮助用户完成日益复杂的任务，因此需要新的对话AI技术和评估平台。成立于2021年的Alexa奖Taskbot Challenge建立在Socialbot Challenge的成功基础上，通过引入交互式协助人类进行现实世界烹饪和做自己动手做的任务的要求，同时同时使用语音和视觉方式。这项挑战要求TaskBots识别和理解用户的需求，识别和集成任务和域知识，并开发新的方式，不分散用户的注意力，而不必分散他们的任务，以及其他挑战。本文概述了Taskbot挑战赛，描述了使用Cobot Toolkit提供给团队提供的基础架构支持，并总结了参与团队以克服研究挑战所采取的方法。最后，它分析了比赛第一年的竞争任务机器人的性能。

以任务为导向的对话系统（TODS）继续升高，因为各种行业发现有效地利用其能力，节省时间和金钱。然而，即使是最先进的TOD尚未达到其全部潜力。TOD通常具有主要设计专注于完成手头的任务，因此任务分辨率的度量应优先考虑。可能会忽略可能指向对话的其他可能指向成功或其他方面的会话质量属性。这可能导致人类和对话系统之间的相互作用，让用户不满意或沮丧。本文探讨了对话系统的评价框架的文献，以及对话系统中的会话质量属性的作用，看起来，如何以及在与对话系统的性能相关的情况下，如何相关。

Business processes that involve AI-powered automation have been gaining importance and market share in recent years. These business processes combine the characteristics of classical business process management, goal-driven chatbots, conversational recommendation systems, and robotic process automation. In the new context, prescriptive process monitoring demands innovative approaches. Unfortunately, data logs from these new processes are still not available in the public domain. We describe the main challenges in this new domain and introduce a synthesized dataset that is based on an actual use case of intelligent process automation with chatbot orchestration. Using this dataset, we demonstrate crowd-wisdom and goal-driven approaches to prescriptive process monitoring.

与EMNLP2022 SERETOD车间共同划分的半监督和增强任务的对话系统的挑战。

我们在面向任务为导向的对话框（TOD）的端到端学习中提出了一种新问题，其中对话系统模仿故障排除代理，该故障排除代理通过诊断其问题（例如，汽车而未启动）帮助用户。这些对话框基于特定于域的流程图，该代理在对话期间应该遵循代理。我们的任务暴露了神经TOD的新颖技术挑战，例如在没有显式注释的情况下对流程图的话语接地，当用户询问澄清问题时，提及额外的手动页面，以及在测试时间遵循看不见的流程图。我们释放由2,738个对话框组成的数据集（浮雕），该对话框为12个不同的故障排除流程图。我们还设计了一个神经模型，扑腾，它使用检索增强的生成架构来训练对话框。我们的实验发现，Flonet可以对未来的流程图进行零射流传输，并为未来的研究设定强大的基线。

Chatbots, or bots for short, are multi-modal collaborative assistants that can help people complete useful tasks. Usually, when chatbots are referenced in connection with elections, they often draw negative reactions due to the fear of mis-information and hacking. Instead, in this paper, we explore how chatbots may be used to promote voter participation in vulnerable segments of society like senior citizens and first-time voters. In particular, we build a system that amplifies official information while personalizing it to users' unique needs transparently. We discuss its design, build prototypes with frequently asked questions (FAQ) election information for two US states that are low on an ease-of-voting scale, and report on its initial evaluation in a focus group. Our approach can be a win-win for voters, election agencies trying to fulfill their mandate and democracy at large.

在本文中，我们介绍了一个系统，以展示最新的最新检索增强生成模型的功能，该模型接受了知识密集型语言任务的培训，例如插槽填充，开放式域问题答案，对话和事实检查。此外，鉴于用户查询，我们显示如何将这些不同模型的输出组合在一起以互相盘问彼此的输出。特别是，我们展示了使用问题答案模型如何提高对话的准确性。我们还将发布演示中使用的所有模型作为本文的贡献。一个简短的视频，展示了该系统，请访问https://ibm.box.com/v/emnlp2022-demo。

我们提出了一个开放域的社交聊天机器人Chirpy Cardinal。为了既有信息又有信息，我们的机器人以一种真实的，情感上的方式与用户聊天。通过将受控的神经产生与脚手架，手写的对话整合在一起，我们让用户和机器人都轮流推动对话，从而产生引人入胜且流利的体验。Chirpy Cardinal部署在Alexa奖Socialbot Grand Challenge的第四次迭代中，每天处理数千次对话，在9个机器人中排名第二，平均用户评级为3.58/5。