船舶重新识别技术是智能运输系统的重要组成部分,也是海洋监视所需的视觉感知任务的重要组成部分。但是,与陆地上的情况不同,海上环境是复杂且可变的,样品较少,并且在海上进行船舶重新识别更加困难。因此,本文提出了一种转移动态对准算法,并模拟海上船只的摇摆状况,使用良好的和类似的军舰作为测试目标,以改善识别困难,从而应对复杂的海洋条件和复杂的海洋条件和影响的影响。讨论不同类型的血管作为转移对象的影响。实验结果表明,改进的算法将平均平均准确性(MAP)提高了10.2%,第一个命中率(RANK1)平均提高了4.9%。
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近年来,随着对公共安全的需求越来越多,智能监测网络的快速发展,人员重新识别(RE-ID)已成为计算机视野领域的热门研究主题之一。人员RE-ID的主要研究目标是从不同的摄像机中检索具有相同身份的人。但是,传统的人重新ID方法需要手动标记人的目标,这消耗了大量的劳动力成本。随着深度神经网络的广泛应用,出现了许多基于深入的基于学习的人物的方法。因此,本文促进研究人员了解最新的研究成果和该领域的未来趋势。首先,我们总结了对几个最近公布的人的研究重新ID调查,并补充了系统地分类基于深度学习的人的重新ID方法的最新研究方法。其次,我们提出了一种多维分类,根据度量标准和表示学习,将基于深度学习的人的重新ID方法分为四类,包括深度度量学习,本地特征学习,生成的对抗学习和序列特征学习的方法。此外,我们根据其方法和动机来细分以上四类,讨论部分子类别的优缺点。最后,我们讨论了一些挑战和可能的研究方向的人重新ID。
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最近的智能故障诊断(IFD)的进展大大依赖于深度代表学习和大量标记数据。然而,机器通常以各种工作条件操作,或者目标任务具有不同的分布,其中包含用于训练的收集数据(域移位问题)。此外,目标域中的新收集的测试数据通常是未标记的,导致基于无监督的深度转移学习(基于UDTL为基础的)IFD问题。虽然它已经实现了巨大的发展,但标准和开放的源代码框架以及基于UDTL的IFD的比较研究尚未建立。在本文中,我们根据不同的任务,构建新的分类系统并对基于UDTL的IFD进行全面审查。对一些典型方法和数据集的比较分析显示了基于UDTL的IFD中的一些开放和基本问题,这很少研究,包括特征,骨干,负转移,物理前导等的可转移性,强调UDTL的重要性和再现性 - 基于IFD,整个测试框架将发布给研究界以促进未来的研究。总之,发布的框架和比较研究可以作为扩展界面和基本结果,以便对基于UDTL的IFD进行新的研究。代码框架可用于\ url {https:/github.com/zhaozhibin/udtl}。
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Person re-identification (Re-ID) aims at retrieving a person of interest across multiple non-overlapping cameras. With the advancement of deep neural networks and increasing demand of intelligent video surveillance, it has gained significantly increased interest in the computer vision community. By dissecting the involved components in developing a person Re-ID system, we categorize it into the closed-world and open-world settings. The widely studied closed-world setting is usually applied under various research-oriented assumptions, and has achieved inspiring success using deep learning techniques on a number of datasets. We first conduct a comprehensive overview with in-depth analysis for closed-world person Re-ID from three different perspectives, including deep feature representation learning, deep metric learning and ranking optimization. With the performance saturation under closed-world setting, the research focus for person Re-ID has recently shifted to the open-world setting, facing more challenging issues. This setting is closer to practical applications under specific scenarios. We summarize the open-world Re-ID in terms of five different aspects. By analyzing the advantages of existing methods, we design a powerful AGW baseline, achieving state-of-the-art or at least comparable performance on twelve datasets for FOUR different Re-ID tasks. Meanwhile, we introduce a new evaluation metric (mINP) for person Re-ID, indicating the cost for finding all the correct matches, which provides an additional criteria to evaluate the Re-ID system for real applications. Finally, some important yet under-investigated open issues are discussed.
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虽然在许多域内生成并提供了大量的未标记数据,但对视觉数据的自动理解的需求高于以往任何时候。大多数现有机器学习模型通常依赖于大量标记的训练数据来实现高性能。不幸的是,在现实世界的应用中,不能满足这种要求。标签的数量有限,手动注释数据昂贵且耗时。通常需要将知识从现有标记域传输到新域。但是,模型性能因域之间的差异(域移位或数据集偏差)而劣化。为了克服注释的负担,域适应(DA)旨在在将知识从一个域转移到另一个类似但不同的域中时减轻域移位问题。无监督的DA(UDA)处理标记的源域和未标记的目标域。 UDA的主要目标是减少标记的源数据和未标记的目标数据之间的域差异,并在培训期间在两个域中学习域不变的表示。在本文中,我们首先定义UDA问题。其次,我们从传统方法和基于深度学习的方法中概述了不同类别的UDA的最先进的方法。最后,我们收集常用的基准数据集和UDA最先进方法的报告结果对视觉识别问题。
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基于深度学习的路面裂缝检测方法通常需要大规模标签,具有详细的裂缝位置信息来学习准确的预测。然而,在实践中,由于路面裂缝的各种视觉模式,裂缝位置很难被手动注释。在本文中,我们提出了一种基于深域适应的裂缝检测网络(DDACDN),其学会利用源域知识来预测目标域中的多类别裂缝位置信息,其中仅是图像级标签可用的。具体地,DDACDN首先通过双分支权重共享骨干网络从源和目标域中提取裂缝特征。并且在实现跨域自适应的努力中,通过从每个域的特征空间聚合三尺度特征来构建中间域,以使来自源域的裂缝特征适应目标域。最后,该网络涉及两个域的知识,并接受识别和本地化路面裂缝的培训。为了便于准确的培训和验证域适应,我们使用两个具有挑战性的路面裂缝数据集CQu-BPDD和RDD2020。此外,我们构建了一个名为CQu-BPMDD的新型大型沥青路面多标签疾病数据集,其中包含38994个高分辨率路面疾病图像,以进一步评估模型的稳健性。广泛的实验表明,DDACDN优于最先进的路面裂纹检测方法,以预测目标结构域的裂缝位置。
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人的步态被认为是一种独特的生物识别标识符,其可以在距离处以覆盖方式获取。但是,在受控场景中捕获的现有公共领域步态数据集接受的模型导致应用于现实世界无约束步态数据时的剧烈性能下降。另一方面,视频人员重新识别技术在大规模公共可用数据集中实现了有希望的性能。鉴于服装特性的多样性,衣物提示对于人们的认可不可靠。因此,实际上尚不清楚为什么最先进的人重新识别方法以及他们的工作。在本文中,我们通过从现有的视频人重新识别挑战中提取剪影来构建一个新的步态数据集,该挑战包括1,404人以不受约束的方式行走。基于该数据集,可以进行步态认可与人重新识别之间的一致和比较研究。鉴于我们的实验结果表明,目前在受控情景收集的数据下设计的目前的步态识别方法不适合真实监视情景,我们提出了一种名为Realgait的新型步态识别方法。我们的结果表明,在实际监视情景中识别人的步态是可行的,并且潜在的步态模式可能是视频人重新设计在实践中的真正原因。
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With the improvement of arithmetic power and algorithm accuracy of personal devices, biological features are increasingly widely used in personal identification, and palm vein recognition has rich extractable features and has been widely studied in recent years. However, traditional recognition methods are poorly robust and susceptible to environmental influences such as reflections and noise. In this paper, a convolutional neural network based on VGG-16 transfer learning fused attention mechanism is used as the feature extraction network on the infrared palm vein dataset. The palm vein classification task is first trained using palmprint classification methods, followed by matching using a similarity function, in which we propose the multi-task loss function to improve the accuracy of the matching task. In order to verify the robustness of the model, some experiments were carried out on datasets from different sources. Then, we used K-means clustering to determine the adaptive matching threshold and finally achieved an accuracy rate of 98.89% on prediction set. At the same time, the matching is with high efficiency which takes an average of 0.13 seconds per palm vein pair, and that means our method can be adopted in practice.
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Visual perception plays an important role in autonomous driving. One of the primary tasks is object detection and identification. Since the vision sensor is rich in color and texture information, it can quickly and accurately identify various road information. The commonly used technique is based on extracting and calculating various features of the image. The recent development of deep learning-based method has better reliability and processing speed and has a greater advantage in recognizing complex elements. For depth estimation, vision sensor is also used for ranging due to their small size and low cost. Monocular camera uses image data from a single viewpoint as input to estimate object depth. In contrast, stereo vision is based on parallax and matching feature points of different views, and the application of deep learning also further improves the accuracy. In addition, Simultaneous Location and Mapping (SLAM) can establish a model of the road environment, thus helping the vehicle perceive the surrounding environment and complete the tasks. In this paper, we introduce and compare various methods of object detection and identification, then explain the development of depth estimation and compare various methods based on monocular, stereo, and RDBG sensors, next review and compare various methods of SLAM, and finally summarize the current problems and present the future development trends of vision technologies.
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随着深度学习技术的快速发展和计算能力的提高,深度学习已广泛应用于高光谱图像(HSI)分类领域。通常,深度学习模型通常包含许多可训练参数,并且需要大量标记的样品来实现最佳性能。然而,关于HSI分类,由于手动标记的难度和耗时的性质,大量标记的样本通常难以获取。因此,许多研究工作侧重于建立一个少数标记样本的HSI分类的深层学习模型。在本文中,我们专注于这一主题,并对相关文献提供系统审查。具体而言,本文的贡献是双重的。首先,相关方法的研究进展根据学习范式分类,包括转移学习,积极学习和少量学习。其次,已经进行了许多具有各种最先进的方法的实验,总结了结果以揭示潜在的研究方向。更重要的是,虽然深度学习模型(通常需要足够的标记样本)和具有少量标记样本的HSI场景之间存在巨大差距,但是通过深度学习融合,可以很好地表征小样本集的问题方法和相关技术,如转移学习和轻量级模型。为了再现性,可以在HTTPS://github.com/shuguoj/hsi-classification中找到纸张中评估的方法的源代码.git。
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最近,面部生物识别是对传统认证系统的方便替代的巨大关注。因此,检测恶意尝试已经发现具有重要意义,导致面部抗欺骗〜(FAS),即面部呈现攻击检测。与手工制作的功能相反,深度特色学习和技术已经承诺急剧增加FAS系统的准确性,解决了实现这种系统的真实应用的关键挑战。因此,处理更广泛的发展以及准确的模型的新研究区越来越多地引起了研究界和行业的关注。在本文中,我们为自2017年以来对与基于深度特征的FAS方法相关的文献综合调查。在这一主题上阐明,基于各种特征和学习方法的语义分类。此外,我们以时间顺序排列,其进化进展和评估标准(数据集内集和数据集互联集合中集)覆盖了FAS的主要公共数据集。最后,我们讨论了开放的研究挑战和未来方向。
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由于其在智能城市和城市监测中的潜在应用,车辆重新ID最近引起了热烈的关注。然而,它遭受了通过观察变化和照明变化引起的大型阶级变化,以及阶级相似性,特别是对于具有类似外观的不同标识。为了处理这些问题,在本文中,我们提出了一种新颖的深度网络架构,其由有意义的属性引导,包括相机视图,车辆类型和用于车辆RE-ID的颜色。特别是,我们的网络是端到端训练的,并包含由相应属性嵌入的深度特征的三个子网(即,相机视图,车辆类型和车辆颜色)。此外,为了克服不同视图的有限载体图像的缺点,我们设计了一个视图指定的生成的对抗性网络来生成多视图车辆图像。对于网络培训,我们在Veri-776数据集上注释了视图标签。请注意,只能使用ID信息直接在其他数据集上直接在其他数据集上采用预先训练的视图(以及类型和颜色)子网,这展示了我们模型的泛化。基准数据集Veri-776和车辆的广泛实验表明,拟议的方法实现了有希望的性能,并对车辆重新ID的新型最先进的性能。
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Deep learning has produced state-of-the-art results for a variety of tasks. While such approaches for supervised learning have performed well, they assume that training and testing data are drawn from the same distribution, which may not always be the case. As a complement to this challenge, single-source unsupervised domain adaptation can handle situations where a network is trained on labeled data from a source domain and unlabeled data from a related but different target domain with the goal of performing well at test-time on the target domain. Many single-source and typically homogeneous unsupervised deep domain adaptation approaches have thus been developed, combining the powerful, hierarchical representations from deep learning with domain adaptation to reduce reliance on potentially-costly target data labels. This survey will compare these approaches by examining alternative methods, the unique and common elements, results, and theoretical insights. We follow this with a look at application areas and open research directions.
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Transfer learning aims at improving the performance of target learners on target domains by transferring the knowledge contained in different but related source domains. In this way, the dependence on a large number of target domain data can be reduced for constructing target learners. Due to the wide application prospects, transfer learning has become a popular and promising area in machine learning. Although there are already some valuable and impressive surveys on transfer learning, these surveys introduce approaches in a relatively isolated way and lack the recent advances in transfer learning. Due to the rapid expansion of the transfer learning area, it is both necessary and challenging to comprehensively review the relevant studies. This survey attempts to connect and systematize the existing transfer learning researches, as well as to summarize and interpret the mechanisms and the strategies of transfer learning in a comprehensive way, which may help readers have a better understanding of the current research status and ideas. Unlike previous surveys, this survey paper reviews more than forty representative transfer learning approaches, especially homogeneous transfer learning approaches, from the perspectives of data and model. The applications of transfer learning are also briefly introduced. In order to show the performance of different transfer learning models, over twenty representative transfer learning models are used for experiments. The models are performed on three different datasets, i.e., Amazon Reviews, Reuters-21578, and Office-31. And the experimental results demonstrate the importance of selecting appropriate transfer learning models for different applications in practice.
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Multi-modal fusion is a basic task of autonomous driving system perception, which has attracted many scholars' interest in recent years. The current multi-modal fusion methods mainly focus on camera data and LiDAR data, but pay little attention to the kinematic information provided by the bottom sensors of the vehicle, such as acceleration, vehicle speed, angle of rotation. These information are not affected by complex external scenes, so it is more robust and reliable. In this paper, we introduce the existing application fields of vehicle bottom information and the research progress of related methods, as well as the multi-modal fusion methods based on bottom information. We also introduced the relevant information of the vehicle bottom information data set in detail to facilitate the research as soon as possible. In addition, new future ideas of multi-modal fusion technology for autonomous driving tasks are proposed to promote the further utilization of vehicle bottom information.
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地理定位的概念是指确定地球上的某些“实体”的位置的过程,通常使用全球定位系统(GPS)坐标。感兴趣的实体可以是图像,图像序列,视频,卫星图像,甚至图像中可见的物体。由于GPS标记媒体的大规模数据集由于智能手机和互联网而迅速变得可用,而深入学习已经上升以提高机器学习模型的性能能力,因此由于其显着影响而出现了视觉和对象地理定位的领域广泛的应用,如增强现实,机器人,自驾驶车辆,道路维护和3D重建。本文提供了对涉及图像的地理定位的全面调查,其涉及从捕获图像(图像地理定位)或图像内的地理定位对象(对象地理定位)的地理定位的综合调查。我们将提供深入的研究,包括流行算法的摘要,对所提出的数据集的描述以及性能结果的分析来说明每个字段的当前状态。
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无监督的域适应性(UDA)引起了相当大的关注,这将知识从富含标签的源域转移到相关但未标记的目标域。减少域间差异一直是提高UDA性能的关键因素,尤其是对于源域和目标域之间存在较大差距的任务。为此,我们提出了一种新颖的风格感知功能融合方法(SAFF),以弥合大域间隙和转移知识,同时减轻阶级歧视性信息的丧失。受到人类传递推理和学习能力的启发,研究了一种新颖的风格感知的自我互化领域(SSID),通过一系列中级辅助综合概念将两个看似无关的概念联系起来。具体而言,我们提出了一种新颖的SSID学习策略,该策略从源和目标域中选择样本作为锚点,然后随机融合这些锚的对象和样式特征,以生成具有标记和样式丰富的中级辅助功能以进行知识转移。此外,我们设计了一个外部存储库来存储和更新指定的标记功能,以获得稳定的类功能和班级样式功能。基于提议的内存库,内部和域间损耗功能旨在提高类识别能力和特征兼容性。同时,我们通过无限抽样模拟SSID的丰富潜在特征空间,并通过数学理论模拟损失函数的收敛性。最后,我们对常用的域自适应基准测试进行了全面的实验,以评估所提出的SAFF,并且实验结果表明,所提出的SAFF可以轻松地与不同的骨干网络结合在一起,并获得更好的性能作为插入插型模块。
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工作记忆(WM)表示在脑海中存储的信息,是人类认知领域的一个基本研究主题。可以监测大脑的电活动的脑电图(EEG)已被广泛用于测量WM的水平。但是,关键的挑战之一是个体差异可能会导致无效的结果,尤其是当既定模型符合陌生主题时。在这项工作中,我们提出了一个具有空间注意力(CS-DASA)的跨主题深层适应模型,以概括跨科目的工作负载分类。首先,我们将EEG时间序列转换为包含空间,光谱和时间信息的多帧EEG图像。首先,CS-DASA中的主题共享模块从源和目标主题中接收多帧的EEG图像数据,并学习了共同的特征表示。然后,在特定于主题的模块中,实现了最大平均差异,以测量重现的内核希尔伯特空间中的域分布差异,这可以为域适应增加有效的罚款损失。此外,采用主题对象的空间注意机制专注于目标图像数据的判别空间特征。在包含13个受试者的公共WM EEG数据集上进行的实验表明,所提出的模型能够达到比现有最新方法更好的性能。
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虽然数据驱动的故障诊断方法已被广泛应用,但模型培训需要大规模标记数据。然而,在真正的行业实施这一点难以阻碍这些方法的应用。因此,迫切需要在这种情况下运行良好的有效诊断方法。本​​研究中,多级半监督改进的深度嵌入式聚类(MS-SSIDEC)方法,将半监督学习与改进的深度嵌入式聚类相结合(IDEC),建议共同探索稀缺标记的数据和大规模的未标记数据。在第一阶段,提出了一种可以自动将未标记的数据映射到低维特征空间中的跳过连接的卷积自动编码器(SCCAE),并预先培训以成为故障特征提取器。在第二阶段,提出了一个半监督的改进的深嵌入式聚类(SSIDEC)网络以进行聚类。首先用可用标记数据初始化,然后用于同时优化群集标签分配,并使要素空间更加群集。为了解决过度装备现象,在本阶段将虚拟的对抗培训(增值税)作为正则化术语。在第三阶段,伪标签是通过SSIDEC的高质量结果获得的。标记的数据集可以由这些伪标记的数据增强,然后利用以训练轴承故障诊断模型。来自滚动轴承的两个振动数据数据集用于评估所提出的方法的性能。实验结果表明,该方法在半监督和无监督的故障诊断任务中实现了有希望的性能。该方法通过有效地探索无监督数据,提供了在有限标记样本的情况下的故障诊断方法。
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The 1$^{\text{st}}$ Workshop on Maritime Computer Vision (MaCVi) 2023 focused on maritime computer vision for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) and Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV), and organized several subchallenges in this domain: (i) UAV-based Maritime Object Detection, (ii) UAV-based Maritime Object Tracking, (iii) USV-based Maritime Obstacle Segmentation and (iv) USV-based Maritime Obstacle Detection. The subchallenges were based on the SeaDronesSee and MODS benchmarks. This report summarizes the main findings of the individual subchallenges and introduces a new benchmark, called SeaDronesSee Object Detection v2, which extends the previous benchmark by including more classes and footage. We provide statistical and qualitative analyses, and assess trends in the best-performing methodologies of over 130 submissions. The methods are summarized in the appendix. The datasets, evaluation code and the leaderboard are publicly available at https://seadronessee.cs.uni-tuebingen.de/macvi.
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