A fundamental question in any peer-to-peer ride-sharing system is how to, both effectively and efficiently, meet the request of passengers to balance the supply and demand in real time. On the passenger side, traditional approaches focus on pricing strategies by increasing the probability of users' call to adjust the distribution of demand. However, previous methods do not take into account the impact of changes in strategy on future supply and demand changes, which means drivers are repositioned to different destinations due to passengers' calls, which will affect the driver's income for a period of time in the future. Motivated by this observation, we make an attempt to optimize the distribution of demand to handle this problem by learning the long-term spatio-temporal values as a guideline for pricing strategy. In this study, we propose an offline deep reinforcement learning based method focusing on the demand side to improve the utilization of transportation resources and customer satisfaction. We adopt a spatio-temporal learning method to learn the value of different time and location, then incentivize the ride requests of passengers to adjust the distribution of demand to balance the supply and demand in the system. In particular, we model the problem as a Markov Decision Process (MDP).

3D多对象跟踪（MOT）确保在连续动态检测过程中保持一致性，有利于自动驾驶中随后的运动计划和导航任务。但是，基于摄像头的方法在闭塞情况下受到影响，准确跟踪基于激光雷达的方法的对象的不规则运动可能是具有挑战性的。某些融合方法效果很好，但不认为在遮挡下出现外观特征的不可信问题。同时，错误检测问题也显着影响跟踪。因此，我们根据组合的外观运动优化（Camo-Mot）提出了一种新颖的相机融合3D MOT框架，该框架使用相机和激光镜数据，并大大减少了由遮挡和错误检测引起的跟踪故障。对于遮挡问题，我们是第一个提出遮挡头来有效地选择最佳对象外观的人，从而减少了闭塞的影响。为了减少错误检测在跟踪中的影响，我们根据置信得分设计一个运动成本矩阵，从而提高了3D空间中的定位和对象预测准确性。由于现有的多目标跟踪方法仅考虑一个类别，因此我们还建议建立多类损失，以在多类别场景中实现多目标跟踪。在Kitti和Nuscenes跟踪基准测试上进行了一系列验证实验。我们提出的方法在KITTI测试数据集上的所有多模式MOT方法中实现了最先进的性能和最低的身份开关（IDS）值（CAR为23，行人为137）。并且我们提出的方法在Nuscenes测试数据集上以75.3％的AMOTA进行了所有算法中的最新性能。

新颖的智能环境，如智能家居，智能城市和智能交通，正在推动在边缘设备部署深神经网络（DNN）的兴趣越来越兴趣。不幸的是，在资源受限的边缘设备上部署DNN构成了巨大的挑战。如果模拟器可以与深度学习框架互动，它可以促进在边缘深度学习的研究。现有的仿真框架（如MATLAB，NS-3等）尚未扩展以支持边缘学习的模拟。为了支持边缘节点上的大规模培训模拟，我们提出了一种基于离散的Edge学习模拟器。它包括深度学习模块和网络仿真模块。具体而言，它使模拟作为深度学习的环境。我们的框架是通用的，可以在部署深度学习模型之前在各种深度学习问题中使用。在本文中，我们提供了基于离散的学习模拟器的设计和实现细节，并呈现了所提出的模拟器的说明性用例。

在本文中，我们介绍了有关典型乘车共享系统中决策优化问题的强化学习方法的全面，深入的调查。涵盖了有关乘车匹配，车辆重新定位，乘车，路由和动态定价主题的论文。在过去的几年中，大多数文献都出现了，并且要继续解决一些核心挑战：模型复杂性，代理协调和多个杠杆的联合优化。因此，我们还引入了流行的数据集和开放式仿真环境，以促进进一步的研发。随后，我们讨论了有关该重要领域的强化学习研究的许多挑战和机会。

许多应用程序需要在许多系统性能指标上收集不同变量或测量的数据。我们将这些措施或变量广泛地术语。沿着每种测量的数据收集通常会引发成本，因此希望考虑建模中的措施成本。这是成本敏感学习领域的一个相当新的问题。已经尝试结合和选择措施来纳入成本。然而，现有的研究要么不严格执行预算限制，或者不是“大多数人”的成本效益。随着专注于分类问题，我们提出了一种计算有效的方法，可以通过探索解决空间的最多的“有希望”部分来找到给定预算下的近最佳模式。我们而不是输出单个模型，我们生成模型计划 - 通过模型成本和预期预测精度排序的模型列表。这可用于在给定预算下选择具有最佳预测准确性的模型，或在预算和预测准确性之间进行换算。在一些基准数据集上的实验表明，我们的方法对竞争方法有利地进行了比较。

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become commonplace to solve routine everyday tasks. Because of the exponential growth in medical imaging data volume and complexity, the workload on radiologists is steadily increasing. We project that the gap between the number of imaging exams and the number of expert radiologist readers required to cover this increase will continue to expand, consequently introducing a demand for AI-based tools that improve the efficiency with which radiologists can comfortably interpret these exams. AI has been shown to improve efficiency in medical-image generation, processing, and interpretation, and a variety of such AI models have been developed across research labs worldwide. However, very few of these, if any, find their way into routine clinical use, a discrepancy that reflects the divide between AI research and successful AI translation. To address the barrier to clinical deployment, we have formed MONAI Consortium, an open-source community which is building standards for AI deployment in healthcare institutions, and developing tools and infrastructure to facilitate their implementation. This report represents several years of weekly discussions and hands-on problem solving experience by groups of industry experts and clinicians in the MONAI Consortium. We identify barriers between AI-model development in research labs and subsequent clinical deployment and propose solutions. Our report provides guidance on processes which take an imaging AI model from development to clinical implementation in a healthcare institution. We discuss various AI integration points in a clinical Radiology workflow. We also present a taxonomy of Radiology AI use-cases. Through this report, we intend to educate the stakeholders in healthcare and AI (AI researchers, radiologists, imaging informaticists, and regulators) about cross-disciplinary challenges and possible solutions.

Smart City applications, such as traffic monitoring and disaster response, often use swarms of intelligent and cooperative drones to efficiently collect sensor data over different areas of interest and time spans. However, when the required sensing becomes spatio-temporally large and varying, a collective arrangement of sensing tasks to a large number of battery-restricted and distributed drones is challenging. To address this problem, we introduce a scalable and energy-aware model for planning and coordination of spatio-temporal sensing. The coordination model is built upon a decentralized multi-agent collective learning algorithm (EPOS) to ensure scalability, resilience, and flexibility that existing approaches lack of. Experimental results illustrate the outstanding performance of the proposed method compared to state-of-the-art methods. Analytical results contribute a deeper understanding of how coordinated mobility of drones influences sensing performance. This novel coordination solution is applied to traffic monitoring using real-world data to demonstrate a $46.45\%$ more accurate and $2.88\%$ more efficient detection of vehicles as the number of drones become a scarce resource.

Unbiased learning to rank (ULTR) studies the problem of mitigating various biases from implicit user feedback data such as clicks, and has been receiving considerable attention recently. A popular ULTR approach for real-world applications uses a two-tower architecture, where click modeling is factorized into a relevance tower with regular input features, and a bias tower with bias-relevant inputs such as the position of a document. A successful factorization will allow the relevance tower to be exempt from biases. In this work, we identify a critical issue that existing ULTR methods ignored - the bias tower can be confounded with the relevance tower via the underlying true relevance. In particular, the positions were determined by the logging policy, i.e., the previous production model, which would possess relevance information. We give both theoretical analysis and empirical results to show the negative effects on relevance tower due to such a correlation. We then propose three methods to mitigate the negative confounding effects by better disentangling relevance and bias. Empirical results on both controlled public datasets and a large-scale industry dataset show the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.

Benefiting from its single-photon sensitivity, single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array has been widely applied in various fields such as fluorescence lifetime imaging and quantum computing. However, large-scale high-fidelity single-photon imaging remains a big challenge, due to the complex hardware manufacture craft and heavy noise disturbance of SPAD arrays. In this work, we introduce deep learning into SPAD, enabling super-resolution single-photon imaging over an order of magnitude, with significant enhancement of bit depth and imaging quality. We first studied the complex photon flow model of SPAD electronics to accurately characterize multiple physical noise sources, and collected a real SPAD image dataset (64 $\times$ 32 pixels, 90 scenes, 10 different bit depth, 3 different illumination flux, 2790 images in total) to calibrate noise model parameters. With this real-world physical noise model, we for the first time synthesized a large-scale realistic single-photon image dataset (image pairs of 5 different resolutions with maximum megapixels, 17250 scenes, 10 different bit depth, 3 different illumination flux, 2.6 million images in total) for subsequent network training. To tackle the severe super-resolution challenge of SPAD inputs with low bit depth, low resolution, and heavy noise, we further built a deep transformer network with a content-adaptive self-attention mechanism and gated fusion modules, which can dig global contextual features to remove multi-source noise and extract full-frequency details. We applied the technique on a series of experiments including macroscopic and microscopic imaging, microfluidic inspection, and Fourier ptychography. The experiments validate the technique's state-of-the-art super-resolution SPAD imaging performance, with more than 5 dB superiority on PSNR compared to the existing methods.

The task of referring video object segmentation aims to segment the object in the frames of a given video to which the referring expressions refer. Previous methods adopt multi-stage approach and design complex pipelines to obtain promising results. Recently, the end-to-end method based on Transformer has proved its superiority. In this work, we draw on the advantages of the above methods to provide a simple and effective pipeline for RVOS. Firstly, We improve the state-of-the-art one-stage method ReferFormer to obtain mask sequences that are strongly correlated with language descriptions. Secondly, based on a reliable and high-quality keyframe, we leverage the superior performance of video object segmentation model to further enhance the quality and temporal consistency of the mask results. Our single model reaches 70.3 J &F on the Referring Youtube-VOS validation set and 63.0 on the test set. After ensemble, we achieve 64.1 on the final leaderboard, ranking 1st place on CVPR2022 Referring Youtube-VOS challenge. Code will be available at https://github.com/Zhiweihhh/cvpr2022-rvos-challenge.git.