实体对齐（EA）的目的是在不同的知识图（kgs）中找到指代现实世界中同一对象的实体。最近的研究结合了时间信息，以增强KGS的表示。暂时KGS（TKG）之间的EA的现有方法利用时间感知的注意机制将关系和时间信息纳入实体嵌入中。该方法通过使用时间信息优于先前的方法。但是，我们认为，由于大多数TKG具有统一的时间表示，因此不必学习kgs中的时间信息的嵌入。因此，我们提出了一个简单的图形神经网络（GNN）模型，并结合了时间信息匹配机制，该模型以更少的时间和更少的参数实现了更好的性能。此外，由于对齐种子很难在现实世界应用中标记，因此我们还提出了一种通过TKG的时间信息生成无监督比对种子的方法。公共数据集的广泛实验表明，我们的监督方法显着优于先前的方法，而无监督的方法具有竞争性能。

Neural Radiance Field (NeRF) is a powerful tool to faithfully generate novel views for scenes with only sparse captured images. Despite its strong capability for representing 3D scenes and their appearance, its editing ability is very limited. In this paper, we propose a simple but effective extension of vanilla NeRF, named PaletteNeRF, to enable efficient color editing on NeRF-represented scenes. Motivated by recent palette-based image decomposition works, we approximate each pixel color as a sum of palette colors modulated by additive weights. Instead of predicting pixel colors as in vanilla NeRFs, our method predicts additive weights. The underlying NeRF backbone could also be replaced with more recent NeRF models such as KiloNeRF to achieve real-time editing. Experimental results demonstrate that our method achieves efficient, view-consistent, and artifact-free color editing on a wide range of NeRF-represented scenes.

Sleep stage recognition is crucial for assessing sleep and diagnosing chronic diseases. Deep learning models, such as Convolutional Neural Networks and Recurrent Neural Networks, are trained using grid data as input, making them not capable of learning relationships in non-Euclidean spaces. Graph-based deep models have been developed to address this issue when investigating the external relationship of electrode signals across different brain regions. However, the models cannot solve problems related to the internal relationships between segments of electrode signals within a specific brain region. In this study, we propose a Pearson correlation-based graph attention network, called PearNet, as a solution to this problem. Graph nodes are generated based on the spatial-temporal features extracted by a hierarchical feature extraction method, and then the graph structure is learned adaptively to build node connections. Based on our experiments on the Sleep-EDF-20 and Sleep-EDF-78 datasets, PearNet performs better than the state-of-the-art baselines.

因果图作为因果建模的有效和强大的工具，通常被假定为有向的无环图（DAG）。但是，推荐系统通常涉及反馈循环，该反馈循环定义为推荐项目的循环过程，将用户反馈纳入模型更新以及重复该过程。结果，重要的是将循环纳入因果图中，以准确地对推荐系统进行动态和迭代数据生成过程。但是，反馈回路并不总是有益的，因为随着时间的流逝，它们可能会鼓励越来越狭窄的内容暴露，如果无人看管的话，可能会导致回声室。结果，重要的是要了解何时会导致Echo Chambers以及如何减轻回声室而不会损害建议性能。在本文中，我们设计了一个带有循环的因果图，以描述推荐的动态过程。然后，我们采取马尔可夫工艺来分析回声室的数学特性，例如导致回声腔的条件。受理论分析的启发，我们提出了一个动态的因果协作过滤（$ \ partial $ ccf）模型，该模型估算了用户基于后门调整的项目的干预后偏好，并通过反事实推理减轻了Echo Echo Chamber。在现实世界数据集上进行了多个实验，结果表明，我们的框架可以比其他最先进的框架更好地减轻回声室，同时通过基本建议模型实现可比的建议性能。

研究人员对科学发现多年来，研究人员已经实施了观察 - 假设 - 预测 - 实验循环的研究范式。然而，随着MEGA级和毫米科学研究的数据爆炸，有时候很难手动分析数据并提出新的假设来推动科学发现的周期。在本文中，我们介绍了一个可解释的AI辅助范式的科学发现。关键是使用可解释的AI（XAI）来帮助推导数据或模型解释和科学发现。我们展示了如何计算和数据密集型方法 - 以及实验和理论方法 - 可以无缝融合为科学研究。为了展示AI辅助科学发现过程，并为我们历史上一些最伟大的思想付出了尊重，我们展示了Kepler的行星运动和牛顿定律的普遍引力的定律可以通过基于Tycho的（可解释）的AI重新发现Brahe的天文观测数据，其作品在16-17世纪领先科学革命。这项工作还强调了可解释的AI（与黑匣子AI）在科学发现中的重要性，以帮助人类防止或更好地为未来可能发生的技术奇点做好准备。

用于检测CT肺血管造影（CTPA）图像上的肺栓塞（PES）的自动化方法是高需求。现有方法通常采用单独的步骤进行PE候选检测和假阳性去除，而不考虑另一步骤的能力。结果，大多数现有方法通常遭受高误率，以达到可接受的敏感性。本研究介绍了一个端到端的培训卷积神经网络（CNN），其中两个步骤共同优化。所提出的CNN由三个连接子网组成：1）一种用于检测包含可疑PES的多维数据集的新型3D候选提案网络，2）用于生成用于候选的固定血管对齐图像表示的3D空间转换子网，以及3）2D分类网络将转换立方体的三个横截面作为输入，消除了误报。我们使用PE挑战的20个CTPA测试数据集评估了我们的方法，在0mm，2mm和5mm定位误差下，实现了78.9％，80.7％和80.7％的灵敏度，2mm和5mm定位误差，其优于状态 - 最新方法。我们进一步在我们自己的数据集中进一步评估了我们的系统，该数据集由129个CTPA数据组成，共269个栓子。我们的系统在0mm，2mm和5mm定位误差下每卷的2个假阳性达到63.2％，78.9％和86.8％的灵敏度。

Deep learning-based methods have achieved remarkable success in image restoration and enhancement, but are they still competitive when there is a lack of paired training data? As one such example, this paper explores the low-light image enhancement problem, where in practice it is extremely challenging to simultaneously take a low-light and a normal-light photo of the same visual scene. We propose a highly effective unsupervised generative adversarial network, dubbed Enlight-enGAN, that can be trained without low/normal-light image pairs, yet proves to generalize very well on various real-world test images. Instead of supervising the learning using ground truth data, we propose to regularize the unpaired training using the information extracted from the input itself, and benchmark a series of innovations for the low-light image enhancement problem, including a global-local discriminator structure, a selfregularized perceptual loss fusion, and the attention mechanism. Through extensive experiments, our proposed approach outperforms recent methods under a variety of metrics in terms of visual quality and subjective user study. Thanks to the great flexibility brought by unpaired training, EnlightenGAN is demonstrated to be easily adaptable to enhancing real-world images from various domains. Our codes and pre-trained models are available at: https://github.com/VITA-Group/EnlightenGAN.

Benefiting from the intrinsic supervision information exploitation capability, contrastive learning has achieved promising performance in the field of deep graph clustering recently. However, we observe that two drawbacks of the positive and negative sample construction mechanisms limit the performance of existing algorithms from further improvement. 1) The quality of positive samples heavily depends on the carefully designed data augmentations, while inappropriate data augmentations would easily lead to the semantic drift and indiscriminative positive samples. 2) The constructed negative samples are not reliable for ignoring important clustering information. To solve these problems, we propose a Cluster-guided Contrastive deep Graph Clustering network (CCGC) by mining the intrinsic supervision information in the high-confidence clustering results. Specifically, instead of conducting complex node or edge perturbation, we construct two views of the graph by designing special Siamese encoders whose weights are not shared between the sibling sub-networks. Then, guided by the high-confidence clustering information, we carefully select and construct the positive samples from the same high-confidence cluster in two views. Moreover, to construct semantic meaningful negative sample pairs, we regard the centers of different high-confidence clusters as negative samples, thus improving the discriminative capability and reliability of the constructed sample pairs. Lastly, we design an objective function to pull close the samples from the same cluster while pushing away those from other clusters by maximizing and minimizing the cross-view cosine similarity between positive and negative samples. Extensive experimental results on six datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of CCGC compared with the existing state-of-the-art algorithms.

To generate high quality rendering images for real time applications, it is often to trace only a few samples-per-pixel (spp) at a lower resolution and then supersample to the high resolution. Based on the observation that the rendered pixels at a low resolution are typically highly aliased, we present a novel method for neural supersampling based on ray tracing 1/4-spp samples at the high resolution. Our key insight is that the ray-traced samples at the target resolution are accurate and reliable, which makes the supersampling an interpolation problem. We present a mask-reinforced neural network to reconstruct and interpolate high-quality image sequences. First, a novel temporal accumulation network is introduced to compute the correlation between current and previous features to significantly improve their temporal stability. Then a reconstruct network based on a multi-scale U-Net with skip connections is adopted for reconstruction and generation of the desired high-resolution image. Experimental results and comparisons have shown that our proposed method can generate higher quality results of supersampling, without increasing the total number of ray-tracing samples, over current state-of-the-art methods.

Temporal sentence grounding (TSG) aims to identify the temporal boundary of a specific segment from an untrimmed video by a sentence query. All existing works first utilize a sparse sampling strategy to extract a fixed number of video frames and then conduct multi-modal interactions with query sentence for reasoning. However, we argue that these methods have overlooked two indispensable issues: 1) Boundary-bias: The annotated target segment generally refers to two specific frames as corresponding start and end timestamps. The video downsampling process may lose these two frames and take the adjacent irrelevant frames as new boundaries. 2) Reasoning-bias: Such incorrect new boundary frames also lead to the reasoning bias during frame-query interaction, reducing the generalization ability of model. To alleviate above limitations, in this paper, we propose a novel Siamese Sampling and Reasoning Network (SSRN) for TSG, which introduces a siamese sampling mechanism to generate additional contextual frames to enrich and refine the new boundaries. Specifically, a reasoning strategy is developed to learn the inter-relationship among these frames and generate soft labels on boundaries for more accurate frame-query reasoning. Such mechanism is also able to supplement the absent consecutive visual semantics to the sampled sparse frames for fine-grained activity understanding. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of SSRN on three challenging datasets.