行动调速器是标称控制循环的附加方案，该方案监视和调整控制措施以强制执行以端加状态和控制约束表示的安全规范。在本文中，我们介绍了系统的强大动作调速器（RAG），该动力学可以使用具有参数和加法不确定性的离散时间分段仿射（PWA）模型来表示，并受到非convex约束。我们开发了抹布的理论属性和计算方法。之后，我们介绍了抹布来实现安全加强学习（RL），即确保在线RL勘探和探索过程中的历史约束满意度。该开发使控制策略的安全实时演变和适应操作环境和系统参数的变化（由于老化，损坏等）。我们通过考虑将其应用于质量 - 弹簧式抑制系统的软地面问题来说明抹布在约束执法和安全RL中的有效性。

一般而言，融合是人类驱动因素和自治车辆的具有挑战性的任务，特别是在密集的交通中，因为合并的车辆通常需要与其他车辆互动以识别或创造间隙并安全合并。在本文中，我们考虑了强制合并方案的自主车辆控制问题。我们提出了一种新的游戏 - 理论控制器，称为领导者跟随者游戏控制器（LFGC），其中自主EGO车辆和其他具有先验不确定驾驶意图的车辆之间的相互作用被建模为部分可观察到的领导者 - 跟随游戏。 LFGC估计基于观察到的轨迹的其他车辆在线在线，然后预测其未来的轨迹，并计划使用模型预测控制（MPC）来同时实现概率保证安全性和合并目标的自我车辆自己的轨迹。为了验证LFGC的性能，我们在模拟和NGSIM数据中测试它，其中LFGC在合并中展示了97.5％的高成功率。

预计自动驾驶技术不仅可以提高移动性和道路安全性，还可以提高能源效率的益处。在可预见的未来，自动车辆（AVS）将在与人机车辆共享的道路上运行。为了保持安全性和活力，同时尽量减少能耗，AV规划和决策过程应考虑自动自动驾驶车辆与周围的人机车辆之间的相互作用。在本章中，我们描述了一种通过基于认知层次理论和强化学习开发人的驾驶员行为建模来开发共用道路上的节能自主驾驶政策的框架。

在本文中，我们引入了一种基于基础架构的传感的移动机器人本地化的固定理论方法。所提出的方法计算设置了在传感器和机器人运动模型上假设已知噪声界限的假设下限制机器人体和方向的设置。我们为这种集合理论定位方法建立了理论属性和计算方法，并说明了其在模拟中的自动化式停车示例以及在现实世界实验中的全向机器人本地化问题中的应用。我们证明，与FastSlam相比，与不确定性设置初始化和传感器噪声相比，设定理论定位方法可以牢固地性能。

We present a dynamic path planning algorithm to navigate an amphibious rotor craft through a concave time-invariant obstacle field while attempting to minimize energy usage. We create a nonlinear quaternion state model that represents the rotor craft dynamics above and below the water. The 6 degree of freedom dynamics used within a layered architecture to generate motion paths for the vehicle to follow and the required control inputs. The rotor craft has a 3 dimensional map of its surroundings that is updated via limited range onboard sensor readings within the current medium (air or water). Path planning is done via PRM and D* Lite.

Biological systems often choose actions without an explicit reward signal, a phenomenon known as intrinsic motivation. The computational principles underlying this behavior remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigate an information-theoretic approach to intrinsic motivation, based on maximizing an agent's empowerment (the mutual information between its past actions and future states). We show that this approach generalizes previous attempts to formalize intrinsic motivation, and we provide a computationally efficient algorithm for computing the necessary quantities. We test our approach on several benchmark control problems, and we explain its success in guiding intrinsically motivated behaviors by relating our information-theoretic control function to fundamental properties of the dynamical system representing the combined agent-environment system. This opens the door for designing practical artificial, intrinsically motivated controllers and for linking animal behaviors to their dynamical properties.

Modern mobile burst photography pipelines capture and merge a short sequence of frames to recover an enhanced image, but often disregard the 3D nature of the scene they capture, treating pixel motion between images as a 2D aggregation problem. We show that in a "long-burst", forty-two 12-megapixel RAW frames captured in a two-second sequence, there is enough parallax information from natural hand tremor alone to recover high-quality scene depth. To this end, we devise a test-time optimization approach that fits a neural RGB-D representation to long-burst data and simultaneously estimates scene depth and camera motion. Our plane plus depth model is trained end-to-end, and performs coarse-to-fine refinement by controlling which multi-resolution volume features the network has access to at what time during training. We validate the method experimentally, and demonstrate geometrically accurate depth reconstructions with no additional hardware or separate data pre-processing and pose-estimation steps.

Reinforcement learning can enable robots to navigate to distant goals while optimizing user-specified reward functions, including preferences for following lanes, staying on paved paths, or avoiding freshly mowed grass. However, online learning from trial-and-error for real-world robots is logistically challenging, and methods that instead can utilize existing datasets of robotic navigation data could be significantly more scalable and enable broader generalization. In this paper, we present ReViND, the first offline RL system for robotic navigation that can leverage previously collected data to optimize user-specified reward functions in the real-world. We evaluate our system for off-road navigation without any additional data collection or fine-tuning, and show that it can navigate to distant goals using only offline training from this dataset, and exhibit behaviors that qualitatively differ based on the user-specified reward function.

Recent advances in batch (offline) reinforcement learning have shown promising results in learning from available offline data and proved offline reinforcement learning to be an essential toolkit in learning control policies in a model-free setting. An offline reinforcement learning algorithm applied to a dataset collected by a suboptimal non-learning-based algorithm can result in a policy that outperforms the behavior agent used to collect the data. Such a scenario is frequent in robotics, where existing automation is collecting operational data. Although offline learning techniques can learn from data generated by a sub-optimal behavior agent, there is still an opportunity to improve the sample complexity of existing offline reinforcement learning algorithms by strategically introducing human demonstration data into the training process. To this end, we propose a novel approach that uses uncertainty estimation to trigger the injection of human demonstration data and guide policy training towards optimal behavior while reducing overall sample complexity. Our experiments show that this approach is more sample efficient when compared to a naive way of combining expert data with data collected from a sub-optimal agent. We augmented an existing offline reinforcement learning algorithm Conservative Q-Learning with our approach and performed experiments on data collected from MuJoCo and OffWorld Gym learning environments.

Monitoring changes inside a reservoir in real time is crucial for the success of CO2 injection and long-term storage. Machine learning (ML) is well-suited for real-time CO2 monitoring because of its computational efficiency. However, most existing applications of ML yield only one prediction (i.e., the expectation) for a given input, which may not properly reflect the distribution of the testing data, if it has a shift with respect to that of the training data. The Simultaneous Quantile Regression (SQR) method can estimate the entire conditional distribution of the target variable of a neural network via pinball loss. Here, we incorporate this technique into seismic inversion for purposes of CO2 monitoring. The uncertainty map is then calculated pixel by pixel from a particular prediction interval around the median. We also propose a novel data-augmentation method by sampling the uncertainty to further improve prediction accuracy. The developed methodology is tested on synthetic Kimberlina data, which are created by the Department of Energy and based on a CO2 capture and sequestration (CCS) project in California. The results prove that the proposed network can estimate the subsurface velocity rapidly and with sufficient resolution. Furthermore, the computed uncertainty quantifies the prediction accuracy. The method remains robust even if the testing data are distorted due to problems in the field data acquisition. Another test demonstrates the effectiveness of the developed data-augmentation method in increasing the spatial resolution of the estimated velocity field and in reducing the prediction error.