解决纳米级的形态学化相变对各种学科的许多科学和工业应用至关重要。通过组合全场传输X射线显微镜（TXM）和X射线吸收附近边缘结构（XANES）的TXM-XANES成像技术是通过获取具有多能量X的一系列显微镜图像来操作的新兴工具 - 接合并配合以获得化学图。然而，由于系统误差和用于快速采集的低曝光照明，其能力受到差的信噪比差的限制。在这项工作中，通过利用TXM-XANES成像数据的内在属性和子空间建模，我们引入了一种简单且坚固的去噪方法来提高图像质量，这使得能够快速和高灵敏度的化学成像。对合成和实时数据集的广泛实验证明了该方法的优越性。

In this paper, we study the use of deep Transformer translation model for the CCMT 2022 Chinese-Thai low-resource machine translation task. We first explore the experiment settings (including the number of BPE merge operations, dropout probability, embedding size, etc.) for the low-resource scenario with the 6-layer Transformer. Considering that increasing the number of layers also increases the regularization on new model parameters (dropout modules are also introduced when using more layers), we adopt the highest performance setting but increase the depth of the Transformer to 24 layers to obtain improved translation quality. Our work obtains the SOTA performance in the Chinese-to-Thai translation in the constrained evaluation.

Given a natural language that describes the user's demands, the NL2Code task aims to generate code that addresses the demands. This is a critical but challenging task that mirrors the capabilities of AI-powered programming. The NL2Code task is inherently versatile, diverse and complex. For example, a demand can be described in different languages, in different formats, and at different levels of granularity. This inspired us to do this survey for NL2Code. In this survey, we focus on how does neural network (NN) solves NL2Code. We first propose a comprehensive framework, which is able to cover all studies in this field. Then, we in-depth parse the existing studies into this framework. We create an online website to record the parsing results, which tracks existing and recent NL2Code progress. In addition, we summarize the current challenges of NL2Code as well as its future directions. We hope that this survey can foster the evolution of this field.

Marketing is an important mechanism to increase user engagement and improve platform revenue, and heterogeneous causal learning can help develop more effective strategies. Most decision-making problems in marketing can be formulated as resource allocation problems and have been studied for decades. Existing works usually divide the solution procedure into two fully decoupled stages, i.e., machine learning (ML) and operation research (OR) -- the first stage predicts the model parameters and they are fed to the optimization in the second stage. However, the error of the predicted parameters in ML cannot be respected and a series of complex mathematical operations in OR lead to the increased accumulative errors. Essentially, the improved precision on the prediction parameters may not have a positive correlation on the final solution due to the side-effect from the decoupled design. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for solving resource allocation problems to mitigate the side-effects. Our key intuition is that we introduce the decision factor to establish a bridge between ML and OR such that the solution can be directly obtained in OR by only performing the sorting or comparison operations on the decision factor. Furthermore, we design a customized loss function that can conduct direct heterogeneous causal learning on the decision factor, an unbiased estimation of which can be guaranteed when the loss converges. As a case study, we apply our approach to two crucial problems in marketing: the binary treatment assignment problem and the budget allocation problem with multiple treatments. Both large-scale simulations and online A/B Tests demonstrate that our approach achieves significant improvement compared with state-of-the-art.

Current computer vision models, unlike the human visual system, cannot yet achieve general-purpose visual understanding. Existing efforts to create a general vision model are limited in the scope of assessed tasks and offer no overarching framework to perform them holistically. We present a new comprehensive benchmark, General-purpose Visual Understanding Evaluation (G-VUE), covering the full spectrum of visual cognitive abilities with four functional domains $\unicode{x2014}$ Perceive, Ground, Reason, and Act. The four domains are embodied in 11 carefully curated tasks, from 3D reconstruction to visual reasoning and manipulation. Along with the benchmark, we provide a general encoder-decoder framework to allow for the evaluation of arbitrary visual representation on all 11 tasks. We evaluate various pre-trained visual representations with our framework and observe that (1) Transformer-based visual backbone generally outperforms CNN-based backbone on G-VUE, (2) visual representations from vision-language pre-training are superior to those with vision-only pre-training across visual tasks. With G-VUE, we provide a holistic evaluation standard to motivate research toward building general-purpose visual systems via obtaining more general-purpose visual representations.

Hybrid tabular-textual question answering (QA) requires reasoning from heterogeneous information, and the types of reasoning are mainly divided into numerical reasoning and span extraction. Despite being the main challenge of the task compared to extractive QA, current numerical reasoning method simply uses LSTM to autoregressively decode program sequences, and each decoding step produces either an operator or an operand. However, the step-by-step decoding suffers from exposure bias, and the accuracy of program generation drops sharply with progressive decoding. In this paper, we propose a non-autoregressive program generation framework, which facilitates program generation in parallel. Our framework, which independently generates complete program tuples containing both operators and operands, can significantly boost the speed of program generation while addressing the error accumulation issue. Our experiments on the MultiHiertt dataset shows that our model can bring about large improvements (+7.97 EM and +6.38 F1 points) over the strong baseline, establishing the new state-of-the-art performance, while being much faster (21x) in program generation. The performance drop of our method is also significantly smaller than the baseline with increasing numbers of numerical reasoning steps.

随着几个行业正在朝着建模大规模的3D虚拟世界迈进，因此需要根据3D内容的数量，质量和多样性来扩展的内容创建工具的需求变得显而易见。在我们的工作中，我们旨在训练Parterant 3D生成模型，以合成纹理网格，可以通过3D渲染引擎直接消耗，因此立即在下游应用中使用。 3D生成建模的先前工作要么缺少几何细节，因此在它们可以生成的网格拓扑中受到限制，通常不支持纹理，或者在合成过程中使用神经渲染器，这使得它们在常见的3D软件中使用。在这项工作中，我们介绍了GET3D，这是一种生成模型，该模型直接生成具有复杂拓扑，丰富几何细节和高保真纹理的显式纹理3D网格。我们在可区分的表面建模，可区分渲染以及2D生成对抗网络中桥接了最新成功，以从2D图像集合中训练我们的模型。 GET3D能够生成高质量的3D纹理网格，从汽车，椅子，动物，摩托车和人类角色到建筑物，对以前的方法进行了重大改进。

本文解决了当参与需求响应（DR）时优化电动汽车（EV）的充电/排放时间表的问题。由于电动汽车的剩余能量，到达和出发时间以及未来的电价中存在不确定性，因此很难做出充电决定以最大程度地减少充电成本，同时保证电动汽车的电池最先进（SOC）在内某些范围。为了解决这一难题，本文将EV充电调度问题制定为Markov决策过程（CMDP）。通过协同结合增强的Lagrangian方法和软演员评论家算法，本文提出了一种新型安全的非政策钢筋学习方法（RL）方法来解决CMDP。通过Lagrangian值函数以策略梯度方式更新Actor网络。采用双重危机网络来同步估计动作值函数，以避免高估偏差。所提出的算法不需要强烈的凸度保证，可以保证被检查的问题，并且是有效的样本。现实世界中电价的全面数值实验表明，我们提出的算法可以实现高解决方案最佳性和约束依从性。

我们描述了JD Explore Academy对WMT 2022共享的一般翻译任务的提交。我们参加了所有高资源曲目和一条中型曲目，包括中文英语，德语英语，捷克语英语，俄语 - 英语和日语英语。我们通过扩大两个主要因素，即语言对和模型大小，即\ textbf {vega-mt}系统来推动以前的工作的极限 - 进行翻译的双向培训。至于语言对，我们将“双向”扩展到“多向”设置，涵盖所有参与语言，以利用跨语言的常识，并将其转移到下游双语任务中。至于型号尺寸，我们将变压器限制到拥有近47亿参数的极大模型，以完全增强我们VEGA-MT的模型容量。此外，我们采用数据增强策略，例如单语数据的循环翻译以及双语和单语数据的双向自我训练，以全面利用双语和单语言数据。为了使我们的Vega-MT适应通用域测试集，设计了概括调整。根据受约束系统的官方自动分数，根据图1所示的sacrebleu，我们在{zh-en（33.5），en-zh（49.7）（49.7），de-en（33.7）上获得了第一名-de（37.8），CS-EN（54.9），En-CS（41.4）和En-Ru（32.7）}，在{ru-en（45.1）和Ja-en（25.6）}和第三名上的第二名和第三名在{en-ja（41.5）}上； W.R.T彗星，我们在{zh-en（45.1），en-zh（61.7），de-en（58.0），en-de（63.2），cs-en（74.7），ru-en（ru-en（ru-en）上，我们获得了第一名64.9），en-ru（69.6）和en-ja（65.1）}，分别在{en-cs（95.3）和ja-en（40.6）}上的第二名。将发布模型，以通过GitHub和Omniforce平台来促进MT社区。

文本表示的预培训（PT）已成功应用于低资源神经机器翻译（NMT）。但是，它通常无法在资源丰富的NMT上获得显着的收益（有时甚至更糟），与其随机定位（RI）对应物相当。我们迈出了第一步，通过两个探测分析来研究资源丰富的场景中PT和RI之间的互补性，并发现：1）PT并不提高准确性，而是通过实现平坦的损失景观而不是RI的概括。 2）PT不是提高词汇选择的信心，而是通过分配更平滑的词汇概率分布而不是RI的词汇分布来提高词汇选择的信心。基于这些见解，我们建议将它们的互补性与模型融合算法相结合，该算法利用最佳传输来对齐PT和RI之间的神经元。对两个资源丰富的翻译基准的实验，WMT'17英语 - 中国（20m）和WMT'19英语 - 德国人（36m），表明PT和RI可以彼此很好地互补，可以实现实质性的改进，考虑到这两个翻译准确性，考虑到同时的翻译准确性，概括和负多样性。探测工具和代码的发布：https：//github.com/zanchangtong/ptvsri。