In this paper, we present a novel visual SLAM and long-term localization benchmark for autonomous driving in challenging conditions based on the large-scale 4Seasons dataset. The proposed benchmark provides drastic appearance variations caused by seasonal changes and diverse weather and illumination conditions. While significant progress has been made in advancing visual SLAM on small-scale datasets with similar conditions, there is still a lack of unified benchmarks representative of real-world scenarios for autonomous driving. We introduce a new unified benchmark for jointly evaluating visual odometry, global place recognition, and map-based visual localization performance which is crucial to successfully enable autonomous driving in any condition. The data has been collected for more than one year, resulting in more than 300 km of recordings in nine different environments ranging from a multi-level parking garage to urban (including tunnels) to countryside and highway. We provide globally consistent reference poses with up to centimeter-level accuracy obtained from the fusion of direct stereo-inertial odometry with RTK GNSS. We evaluate the performance of several state-of-the-art visual odometry and visual localization baseline approaches on the benchmark and analyze their properties. The experimental results provide new insights into current approaches and show promising potential for future research. Our benchmark and evaluation protocols will be available at https://www.4seasons-dataset.com/.

Event cameras offer the capacity to asynchronously capture brightness changes with low latency, high temporal resolution, and high dynamic range. Deploying deep learning methods for classification or other tasks to these sensors typically requires large labeled datasets. Since the amount of labeled event data is tiny compared to the bulk of labeled RGB imagery, the progress of event-based vision has remained limited. To reduce the dependency on labeled event data, we introduce Masked Event Modeling (MEM), a self-supervised pretraining framework for events. Our method pretrains a neural network on unlabeled events, which can originate from any event camera recording. Subsequently, the pretrained model is finetuned on a downstream task leading to an overall better performance while requiring fewer labels. Our method outperforms the state-of-the-art on N-ImageNet, N-Cars, and N-Caltech101, increasing the object classification accuracy on N-ImageNet by 7.96%. We demonstrate that Masked Event Modeling is superior to RGB-based pretraining on a real world dataset.

We propose an end-to-end inverse rendering pipeline called SupeRVol that allows us to recover 3D shape and material parameters from a set of color images in a super-resolution manner. To this end, we represent both the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) and the signed distance function (SDF) by multi-layer perceptrons. In order to obtain both the surface shape and its reflectance properties, we revert to a differentiable volume renderer with a physically based illumination model that allows us to decouple reflectance and lighting. This physical model takes into account the effect of the camera's point spread function thereby enabling a reconstruction of shape and material in a super-resolution quality. Experimental validation confirms that SupeRVol achieves state of the art performance in terms of inverse rendering quality. It generates reconstructions that are sharper than the individual input images, making this method ideally suited for 3D modeling from low-resolution imagery.

We introduce PRISM, a method for real-time filtering in a probabilistic generative model of agent motion and visual perception. Previous approaches either lack uncertainty estimates for the map and agent state, do not run in real-time, do not have a dense scene representation or do not model agent dynamics. Our solution reconciles all of these aspects. We start from a predefined state-space model which combines differentiable rendering and 6-DoF dynamics. Probabilistic inference in this model amounts to simultaneous localisation and mapping (SLAM) and is intractable. We use a series of approximations to Bayesian inference to arrive at probabilistic map and state estimates. We take advantage of well-established methods and closed-form updates, preserving accuracy and enabling real-time capability. The proposed solution runs at 10Hz real-time and is similarly accurate to state-of-the-art SLAM in small to medium-sized indoor environments, with high-speed UAV and handheld camera agents (Blackbird, EuRoC and TUM-RGBD).

We present G-MSM (Graph-based Multi-Shape Matching), a novel unsupervised learning approach for non-rigid shape correspondence. Rather than treating a collection of input poses as an unordered set of samples, we explicitly model the underlying shape data manifold. To this end, we propose an adaptive multi-shape matching architecture that constructs an affinity graph on a given set of training shapes in a self-supervised manner. The key idea is to combine putative, pairwise correspondences by propagating maps along shortest paths in the underlying shape graph. During training, we enforce cycle-consistency between such optimal paths and the pairwise matches which enables our model to learn topology-aware shape priors. We explore different classes of shape graphs and recover specific settings, like template-based matching (star graph) or learnable ranking/sorting (TSP graph), as special cases in our framework. Finally, we demonstrate state-of-the-art performance on several recent shape correspondence benchmarks, including real-world 3D scan meshes with topological noise and challenging inter-class pairs.

从理想图像中估算神经辐射场（NERF）已在计算机视觉社区中进行了广泛的研究。大多数方法都采用最佳照明和缓慢的相机运动。这些假设通常在机器人应用中违反，其中图像包含运动模糊，场景可能没有合适的照明。这可能会给下游任务（例如导航，检查或可视化场景）带来重大问题。为了减轻我们提出的E-NERF的这些问题，这是第一种方法，该方法以快速移动的事件摄像机的形式估算了以NERF的形式进行体积的场景表示形式。我们的方法可以在非常快速的运动和高动态范围条件下恢复NERF，而基于框架的方法失败。我们证明，仅提供事件流作为输入，可以渲染高质量的帧。此外，通过结合事件和框架，我们可以在严重的运动模糊下估计比最先进的方法更高的质量。我们还表明，将事件和帧组合可以克服在只有很少的输入视图的情况下，无需额外正则化的方案中的NERF估计案例。

尽管进行了多年的研究，但跨域的概括仍然是深层网络的语义分割的关键弱点。先前的研究取决于静态模型的假设，即训练过程完成后，模型参数在测试时间保持固定。在这项工作中，我们通过一种自适应方法来挑战这一前提，用于语义分割，将推理过程调整为每个输入样本。自我适应在两个级别上运行。首先，它采用了自我监督的损失，该损失将网络中卷积层的参数定制为输入图像。其次，在批准层中，自适应近似于整个测试数据的平均值和方差，这是不可用的。它通过在训练和从单个测试样本得出的参考分布之间进行插值来实现这一目标。为了凭经验分析我们的自适应推理策略，我们制定并遵循严格的评估协议，以解决先前工作的严重局限性。我们的广泛分析得出了一个令人惊讶的结论：使用标准训练程序，自我适应大大优于强大的基准，并在多域基准测试方面设定了新的最先进的准确性。我们的研究表明，自适应推断可以补充培训时间的既定模型正规化实践，以改善深度网络的概括到异域数据。

我们解决了最小化一类能量功能的问题，该功能由数据和平滑度术语组成，这些术语通常发生在机器学习，计算机视觉和模式识别中。尽管离散优化方法能够提供理论最优保证，但它们只能处理有限数量的标签，因此会遭受标签离散偏置的困扰。现有的连续优化方法可以找到Sublabel精确的解决方案，但对于大型标签空间而言，它们并不有效。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种有效的Sublabel精确方法，该方法利用了连续模型和离散模型的最佳属性。我们将问题分为两个顺序的步骤：（i）选择标签范围的全局离散优化，以及（ii）在所选范围内的能量函数凸的有效连续连续的sublabel-carcurate局部改进。这样做可以使我们能够提高时间和记忆效率，同时实际上将准确性保持在与连续凸放放松方法相同的水平上，此外，在离散方法级别上提供了理论最佳保证。最后，我们显示了提出的对一般成对平滑度项的拟议方法的灵活性，因此它适用于广泛的正则化。图像授予问题的说明示例的实验证明了该方法的特性。代码复制实验可在\ url {https://github.com/nurlanov-zh/sublabel-accurate-alpha-expansion}获得。

人脑可以被认为是一种图形结构，包括数以千的通过突触连接的生物神经元。如果某些神经元损坏，它具有显着的能力，可以自动重新汇总信息流过备用路径。此外，大脑能够保留信息并将其应用于类似但完全看不见的情况。在本文中，我们从大脑的这些属性中汲取灵感，以开发一个计算框架，以在广义图中找到源节点和目标节点之间的最佳低成本路径。我们证明我们的框架能够在测试时处理看不见的图。此外，当在推理期间任意添加或删除节点时，可以找到替代的最佳路径，同时保持固定的预测时间。代码可在此处找到：https：//github.com/hangligit/pathfinding

We introduce Power Bundle Adjustment as an expansion type algorithm for solving large-scale bundle adjustment problems. It is based on the power series expansion of the inverse Schur complement and constitutes a new family of solvers that we call inverse expansion methods. We theoretically justify the use of power series and we prove the convergence of our approach. Using the real-world BAL dataset we show that the proposed solver challenges the state-of-the-art iterative methods and significantly accelerates the solution of the normal equation, even for reaching a very high accuracy. This easy-to-implement solver can also complement a recently presented distributed bundle adjustment framework. We demonstrate that employing the proposed Power Bundle Adjustment as a sub-problem solver significantly improves speed and accuracy of the distributed optimization.