归纳逻辑编程是基于数学逻辑的机器学习形式，该数学逻辑从给定的示例和背景知识中生成逻辑程序。在此项目中，我们扩展了Popper ILP系统以利用多任务学习。我们实施最新方法和几种新策略来提高搜索性能。此外，我们引入了约束保存，该技术可改善所有方法的整体性能。约束保存使系统可以在背景知识集的更新之间传输知识。因此，我们减少了系统执行的重复工作量。此外，约束保存使我们能够从当前的最新迭代加深搜索方法过渡到更有效的广度首次搜索方法。最后，我们尝试了课程学习技术，并显示了它们对该领域的潜在好处。

程序中的魔术值是一个恒定的符号，对于执行程序至关重要，但对其选择没有明确的解释。对于现有的程序综合方法，很难学习具有魔法价值的学习程序。为了克服这一限制，我们引入了一种归纳逻辑编程方法，以有效地学习具有魔术价值的程序。我们对包括程序合成，药物设计和游戏玩法在内的各种领域的实验表明，我们的方法可以（i）在预测精度和学习时间方面优于现有方法，（ii）从无限领域中学习魔法价值观，例如PI的值和（iii）比例为具有数百万个恒定符号的域。

The goal of inductive logic programming (ILP) is to search for a hypothesis that generalises training examples and background knowledge (BK). To improve performance, we introduce an approach that, before searching for a hypothesis, first discovers where not to search. We use given BK to discover constraints on hypotheses, such as that a number cannot be both even and odd. We use the constraints to bootstrap a constraint-driven ILP system. Our experiments on multiple domains (including program synthesis and game playing) show that our approach can (i) substantially reduce learning times by up to 97%, and (ii) scale to domains with millions of facts.

我们介绍了一种感应逻辑编程方法，将经典的鸿沟和征服搜索结合使用现代约束驱动搜索。我们的任何时间方法都可以学习最佳，递归和大程序并支持谓词发明。我们对三个领域的实验（分类，归纳，普通游戏和计划综合）表明，我们的方法可以提高预测准确性和降低学习时间。

归纳逻辑编程（ILP）是一种机器学习的形式。ILP的目标是诱导推广培训示例的假设（一组逻辑规则）。随着ILP转30，我们提供了对该领域的新介绍。我们介绍了必要的逻辑符号和主要学习环境;描述ILP系统的构建块;比较几个维度的几个系统;描述四个系统（Aleph，Tilde，Aspal和Metagol）;突出关键应用领域;最后，总结了未来研究的当前限制和方向。

The recent increase in public and academic interest in preserving biodiversity has led to the growth of the field of conservation technology. This field involves designing and constructing tools that utilize technology to aid in the conservation of wildlife. In this article, we will use case studies to demonstrate the importance of designing conservation tools with human-wildlife interaction in mind and provide a framework for creating successful tools. These case studies include a range of complexities, from simple cat collars to machine learning and game theory methodologies. Our goal is to introduce and inform current and future researchers in the field of conservation technology and provide references for educating the next generation of conservation technologists. Conservation technology not only has the potential to benefit biodiversity but also has broader impacts on fields such as sustainability and environmental protection. By using innovative technologies to address conservation challenges, we can find more effective and efficient solutions to protect and preserve our planet's resources.

A Digital Twin (DT) is a simulation of a physical system that provides information to make decisions that add economic, social or commercial value. The behaviour of a physical system changes over time, a DT must therefore be continually updated with data from the physical systems to reflect its changing behaviour. For resource-constrained systems, updating a DT is non-trivial because of challenges such as on-board learning and the off-board data transfer. This paper presents a framework for updating data-driven DTs of resource-constrained systems geared towards system health monitoring. The proposed solution consists of: (1) an on-board system running a light-weight DT allowing the prioritisation and parsimonious transfer of data generated by the physical system; and (2) off-board robust updating of the DT and detection of anomalous behaviours. Two case studies are considered using a production gas turbine engine system to demonstrate the digital representation accuracy for real-world, time-varying physical systems.

We introduce Argoverse 2 (AV2) - a collection of three datasets for perception and forecasting research in the self-driving domain. The annotated Sensor Dataset contains 1,000 sequences of multimodal data, encompassing high-resolution imagery from seven ring cameras, and two stereo cameras in addition to lidar point clouds, and 6-DOF map-aligned pose. Sequences contain 3D cuboid annotations for 26 object categories, all of which are sufficiently-sampled to support training and evaluation of 3D perception models. The Lidar Dataset contains 20,000 sequences of unlabeled lidar point clouds and map-aligned pose. This dataset is the largest ever collection of lidar sensor data and supports self-supervised learning and the emerging task of point cloud forecasting. Finally, the Motion Forecasting Dataset contains 250,000 scenarios mined for interesting and challenging interactions between the autonomous vehicle and other actors in each local scene. Models are tasked with the prediction of future motion for "scored actors" in each scenario and are provided with track histories that capture object location, heading, velocity, and category. In all three datasets, each scenario contains its own HD Map with 3D lane and crosswalk geometry - sourced from data captured in six distinct cities. We believe these datasets will support new and existing machine learning research problems in ways that existing datasets do not. All datasets are released under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license.

We present a Machine Learning (ML) study case to illustrate the challenges of clinical translation for a real-time AI-empowered echocardiography system with data of ICU patients in LMICs. Such ML case study includes data preparation, curation and labelling from 2D Ultrasound videos of 31 ICU patients in LMICs and model selection, validation and deployment of three thinner neural networks to classify apical four-chamber view. Results of the ML heuristics showed the promising implementation, validation and application of thinner networks to classify 4CV with limited datasets. We conclude this work mentioning the need for (a) datasets to improve diversity of demographics, diseases, and (b) the need of further investigations of thinner models to be run and implemented in low-cost hardware to be clinically translated in the ICU in LMICs. The code and other resources to reproduce this work are available at https://github.com/vital-ultrasound/ai-assisted-echocardiography-for-low-resource-countries.

The ability to jointly learn from multiple modalities, such as text, audio, and visual data, is a defining feature of intelligent systems. While there have been promising advances in designing neural networks to harness multimodal data, the enormous success of data augmentation currently remains limited to single-modality tasks like image classification. Indeed, it is particularly difficult to augment each modality while preserving the overall semantic structure of the data; for example, a caption may no longer be a good description of an image after standard augmentations have been applied, such as translation. Moreover, it is challenging to specify reasonable transformations that are not tailored to a particular modality. In this paper, we introduce LeMDA, Learning Multimodal Data Augmentation, an easy-to-use method that automatically learns to jointly augment multimodal data in feature space, with no constraints on the identities of the modalities or the relationship between modalities. We show that LeMDA can (1) profoundly improve the performance of multimodal deep learning architectures, (2) apply to combinations of modalities that have not been previously considered, and (3) achieve state-of-the-art results on a wide range of applications comprised of image, text, and tabular data.