Covid-19大流行的发作使风险的心理健康带来了。社会咨询在这种环境中取得了显着意义。与一般面向目标的对话不同,患者和治疗师之间的对话是相当明暗的,尽管谈话的目标非常明显。在这种情况下,了解患者的目的在提供治疗会话中提供有效咨询方面是必要的,同样适用于对话系统。在这项工作中,我们前进是一个小小的一步,在开发精神健康咨询的自动对话系统中。我们开发一个名为HOPE的新型数据集,为咨询谈话中的对话行为分类提供平台。我们确定此类对话的要求,并提出了12个域特定的对话法(DAC)标签。我们收集12.9k的话语从youtube上公开的咨询会话视频,用DAC标签提取他们的成绩单,清洁并注释它们。此外,我们提出了一种基于变压器的架构的Sparta,具有新颖的扬声器和时间感知的语境学习,用于对话行动分类。我们的评价显示了若干基线的令人信服的表现,实现了最先进的希望。我们还通过对Sparta进行广泛的实证和定性分析来补充我们的实验。
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在多方对话中有效地发现发言者的情绪状态是设计人类类似的会话代理商的重要性。在谈话期间,扬声器的认知状态通常由于某些过去的话语而改变,这可能导致他们的情绪状态的翻转。因此,在对话期间发现扬声器情感翻转背后的原因(触发)对于解释个人话语的情感标签至关重要。在本文中,除了解决对话中的情感认可的任务(ERC),我们介绍了一种新的任务 - 情感 - 翻转推理(EFR),旨在识别过去的话语,这引发了一个人的情绪状态以在一定时间翻转。我们提出了一个掩蔽的存储器网络来解决前者和基于变换器的网络的后一种任务。为此,我们考虑融合的基准情感识别数据集,用于ERC任务的多方对话,并使用EFR的新地基标签增强它。与五个最先进的模型进行了广泛的比较,表明我们对两个任务的模型的表现。我们进一步提出了轶事证据和定性和定量误差分析,以支持与基线相比模型的优势。
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心理治疗干预技术是治疗师和患者之间的多方面对话。与一般的临床讨论不同,心理治疗的核心成分(即症状)很难区分,因此成为以后要总结的复杂问题。结构化的咨询对话可能包含有关症状,心理健康问题病史或发现患者行为的讨论。它还可能包含与临床摘要无关的讨论填充单词。我们将结构化心理治疗的这些要素称为咨询组成部分。在本文中,目的是心理健康咨询的摘要,以基于领域知识并帮助临床医生快速收集意义。在注释咨询组件的12.9k话语和每次对话的参考摘要之后,我们创建了一个新的数据集。此外,我们建议消费是一种新颖的咨询组件指导摘要模型。消费经历三个独立模块。首先,为了评估抑郁症状的存在,它使用患者健康问卷(PHQ-9)过滤了话语,而第二和第三模块旨在对咨询组件进行分类。最后,我们提出了针对特定问题的心理健康信息捕获(MHIC)评估指标,用于咨询摘要。我们的比较研究表明,我们改善了性能并产生凝聚力,语义和连贯的摘要。我们全面分析了生成的摘要,以研究心理治疗元素的捕获。摘要的人类和临床评估表明,消费会产生质量摘要。此外,心理健康专家验证了消费的临床可接受性。最后,我们讨论了现实世界中心理健康咨询摘要的独特性,并在Mathic.ai的支持下显示了其在线应用程序上的部署的证据
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从对话数据中提取信息特别具有挑战性,因为以任务为中心的对话的性质可以有效地传达人类隐式信息,但对机器来说是具有挑战性的。话语之间的挑战可能会有所不同,具体取决于说话者在对话中的作用,尤其是当相关专业知识跨角色不对称时。此外,随着对话中隐含地传达的信息构建更多的共享环境,挑战也可能会增加。在本文中,我们提出了新颖的建模方法MedFilter,该方法解决了这些见解,以提高识别和分类与任务相关的话语时的性能,并在这样做时对下游信息提取任务的性能产生积极影响。我们在近7,000次医生对话的语料库上评估了这种方法,其中使用MedFilter来识别与讨论的医学相关贡献(在PR曲线下的面积方面,比SOTA基线提高了10%的贡献)。确定与任务相关的话语受益于下游医疗处理,在提取症状,药物和投诉的提取方面分别提高了15%,105%和23%。
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The rapid development of aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) within recent decades shows great potential for real-world society. The current ABSA works, however, are mostly limited to the scenario of a single text piece, leaving the study in dialogue contexts unexplored. In this work, we introduce a novel task of conversational aspect-based sentiment quadruple analysis, namely DiaASQ, aiming to detect the sentiment quadruple of target-aspect-opinion-sentiment in a dialogue. DiaASQ bridges the gap between fine-grained sentiment analysis and conversational opinion mining. We manually construct a large-scale, high-quality Chinese dataset and also obtain the English version dataset via manual translation. We deliberately propose a neural model to benchmark the task. It advances in effectively performing end-to-end quadruple prediction and manages to incorporate rich dialogue-specific and discourse feature representations for better cross-utterance quadruple extraction. We finally point out several potential future works to facilitate the follow-up research of this new task. The DiaASQ data is open at https://github.com/unikcc/DiaASQ
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讽刺可以被定义为说或写讽刺与一个人真正想表达的相反,通常是为了侮辱,刺激或娱乐某人。由于文本数据中讽刺性的性质晦涩难懂,因此检测到情感分析研究社区的困难和非常感兴趣。尽管讽刺检测的研究跨越了十多年,但最近已经取得了一些重大进步,包括在多模式环境中采用了无监督的预训练的预训练的变压器,并整合了环境以识别讽刺。在这项研究中,我们旨在简要概述英语计算讽刺研究的最新进步和趋势。我们描述了与讽刺有关的相关数据集,方法,趋势,问题,挑战和任务,这些数据集,趋势,问题,挑战和任务是无法检测到的。我们的研究提供了讽刺数据集,讽刺特征及其提取方法以及各种方法的性能分析,这些表可以帮助相关领域的研究人员了解当前的讽刺检测中最新实践。
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在谈话中的情感认可(ERC)近年来引起了很多关注,以实现广泛应用的必要性。现有的ERC方法主要是单独模拟自我和讲话者上下文,在缺乏它们之间缺乏足够的互动的主要问题。在本文中,我们提出了一种用于ERC(S + Page)的新型扬声器和位置感知图形神经网络模型,其中包含三个阶段,以结合变压器和关系图卷积网络(R-GCN)的优势以获得更好的上下文建模。首先,提出了一种双流的会话变压器以提取每个话语的粗略自我和扬声器上下文特征。然后,构造扬声器和位置感知会话图,并且我们提出了一种称为PAG的增强型R-GCN模型,以优化由相对位置编码引导的粗略特征。最后,从前两个阶段的两个特征都被输入到条件随机场层中以模拟情绪转移。
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In recent years, interest has arisen in using machine learning to improve the efficiency of automatic medical consultation and enhance patient experience. In this article, we propose two frameworks to support automatic medical consultation, namely doctor-patient dialogue understanding and task-oriented interaction. We create a new large medical dialogue dataset with multi-level finegrained annotations and establish five independent tasks, including named entity recognition, dialogue act classification, symptom label inference, medical report generation and diagnosis-oriented dialogue policy. We report a set of benchmark results for each task, which shows the usability of the dataset and sets a baseline for future studies. Both code and data is available from https://github.com/lemuria-wchen/imcs21.
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Empathy is a vital factor that contributes to mutual understanding, and joint problem-solving. In recent years, a growing number of studies have recognized the benefits of empathy and started to incorporate empathy in conversational systems. We refer to this topic as empathetic conversational systems. To identify the critical gaps and future opportunities in this topic, this paper examines this rapidly growing field using five review dimensions: (i) conceptual empathy models and frameworks, (ii) adopted empathy-related concepts, (iii) datasets and algorithmic techniques developed, (iv) evaluation strategies, and (v) state-of-the-art approaches. The findings show that most studies have centered on the use of the EMPATHETICDIALOGUES dataset, and the text-based modality dominates research in this field. Studies mainly focused on extracting features from the messages of the users and the conversational systems, with minimal emphasis on user modeling and profiling. Notably, studies that have incorporated emotion causes, external knowledge, and affect matching in the response generation models, have obtained significantly better results. For implementation in diverse real-world settings, we recommend that future studies should address key gaps in areas of detecting and authenticating emotions at the entity level, handling multimodal inputs, displaying more nuanced empathetic behaviors, and encompassing additional dialogue system features.
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因果情绪综合(CEE)旨在发现对话说法中情感背后的潜在原因。先前的工作将CEE正式为独立的话语对分类问题,并忽略了情感和说话者信息。从新的角度来看,本文考虑了联合框架中的CEE。我们同步对多种话语进行分类,以捕获全球观点中的话语之间的相关性,并提出一个两条注意力模型(TSAM),以有效地模拟说话者在对话历史上的情感影响。具体而言,TSAM包括三个模块:情感注意网络(EAN),说话者注意网络(SAN)和交互模块。 EAN和SAN并行结合了情感和说话者信息,随后的交互模块通过相互的Biaffine转换有效地互换了EAN和SAN之间的相关信息。广泛的实验结果表明,我们的模型实现了新的最新性能(SOTA)性能,并且表现出色的基准。
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在这项工作中,我们为数字教练提供了一个新的数据集和一种计算策略,旨在指导用户练习自我附加疗法的方案。我们的框架增强了基于规则的对话代理,具有深入学习分类器,可在用户的文本响应中识别潜在的情感,以及一种深入学习的辅助检索方法,用于制作新颖,流利和善解人意的话语。我们还制作了用户可以选择与之互动的类似人类的角色。我们的目标是在虚拟疗法课程中获得高水平的参与度。我们在n = 16名参与者的非临床试验中评估了我们的框架的有效性,在五天的时间里,所有人都至少与代理商进行了四次相互作用。我们发现,与简单的基于规则的框架相比,我们的平台在同理心,用户参与度和实用性方面的评分始终高。最后,我们提供指南,以根据收到的反馈来进一步改善应用程序的设计和性能。
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The goal of building dialogue agents that can converse with humans naturally has been a long-standing dream of researchers since the early days of artificial intelligence. The well-known Turing Test proposed to judge the ultimate validity of an artificial intelligence agent on the indistinguishability of its dialogues from humans'. It should come as no surprise that human-level dialogue systems are very challenging to build. But, while early effort on rule-based systems found limited success, the emergence of deep learning enabled great advance on this topic. In this thesis, we focus on methods that address the numerous issues that have been imposing the gap between artificial conversational agents and human-level interlocutors. These methods were proposed and experimented with in ways that were inspired by general state-of-the-art AI methodologies. But they also targeted the characteristics that dialogue systems possess.
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谈话中的情感认可(ERC)是一个重要而积极的研究问题。最近的工作表明了ERC任务使用多种方式(例如,文本,音频和视频)的好处。在谈话中,除非一些外部刺激唤起改变,否则参与者倾向于维持特定的情绪状态。在谈话中持续的潮起潮落和情绪流动。灵感来自这种观察,我们提出了一种多模式ERC模型,并通过情感转换组件增强。所提出的情感移位组件是模块化的,可以添加到任何现有的多模式ERC模型(具有几种修改),以改善情绪识别。我们尝试模型的不同变体,结果表明,包含情感移位信号有助于模型以优于ERC的现有多模型模型,从而展示了MOSEI和IEMOCAP数据集的最先进的性能。
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药物建议是智能医疗系统的关键任务。先前的研究主要建议使用电子健康记录(EHRS)药物。但是,在EHR中可能会忽略或忽略医生与患者之间的相互作用的一些细节,这对于自动药物建议至关重要。因此,我们首次尝试通过医生和患者之间的对话推荐药物。在这项工作中,我们构建了Dialmed,这是第一个用于基于医学对话的药物建议任务的高质量数据集。它包含与3个部门的16种常见疾病和70种相应常见药物有关的11,996次医疗对话。此外,我们提出了对话结构和疾病知识意识网络(DDN),其中QA对话图机制旨在模拟对话结构,并使用知识图来引入外部疾病知识。广泛的实验结果表明,所提出的方法是推荐与医疗对话的药物的有前途的解决方案。该数据集和代码可在https://github.com/f-window/dialmed上找到。
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创建可以对对话做出适当反应又理解复杂人类语言倾向和社会线索的代理人在NLP社区中一直是一项艰巨的挑战。最近的研究支柱围绕着对话中的情感识别(ERC);情感识别的子场地,重点是包含两个或更多话语的对话或对话。在这项工作中,我们探讨了一种ERC的方法,该方法利用了对话中神经嵌入的使用以及复杂的结构。我们在称为概率软逻辑(PSL)的框架中实现了我们的方法,该框架是一种使用一阶逻辑规则的声明的模板语言,该语言与数据结合时,定义了特定类别的图形模型。此外,PSL为将神经模型的结果纳入PSL模型提供了功能。这使我们的模型可以利用先进的神经方法,例如句子嵌入以及对话结构的逻辑推理。我们将我们的方法与最先进的纯神经ERC系统进行了比较,并将几乎提高了20%。通过这些结果,我们对DailyDialog对话数据集提供了广泛的定性和定量分析。
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Causal Emotion Entailment aims to identify causal utterances that are responsible for the target utterance with a non-neutral emotion in conversations. Previous works are limited in thorough understanding of the conversational context and accurate reasoning of the emotion cause. To this end, we propose Knowledge-Bridged Causal Interaction Network (KBCIN) with commonsense knowledge (CSK) leveraged as three bridges. Specifically, we construct a conversational graph for each conversation and leverage the event-centered CSK as the semantics-level bridge (S-bridge) to capture the deep inter-utterance dependencies in the conversational context via the CSK-Enhanced Graph Attention module. Moreover, social-interaction CSK serves as emotion-level bridge (E-bridge) and action-level bridge (A-bridge) to connect candidate utterances with the target one, which provides explicit causal clues for the Emotional Interaction module and Actional Interaction module to reason the target emotion. Experimental results show that our model achieves better performance over most baseline models. Our source code is publicly available at https://github.com/circle-hit/KBCIN.
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Conversational AI has become an increasingly prominent and practical application of machine learning. However, existing conversational AI techniques still suffer from various limitations. One such limitation is a lack of well-developed methods for incorporating auxiliary information that could help a model understand conversational context better. In this paper, we explore how persona-based information could help improve the quality of response generation in conversations. First, we provide a literature review focusing on the current state-of-the-art methods that utilize persona information. We evaluate two strong baseline methods, the Ranking Profile Memory Network and the Poly-Encoder, on the NeurIPS ConvAI2 benchmark dataset. Our analysis elucidates the importance of incorporating persona information into conversational systems. Additionally, our study highlights several limitations with current state-of-the-art methods and outlines challenges and future research directions for advancing personalized conversational AI technology.
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在对话系统中,具有类似语义的话语可能在不同的环境下具有独特的情绪。因此,与扬声器依赖关系建模的远程语境情绪关系在对话情绪识别中起重要作用。同时,区分不同的情绪类别是非微不足道的,因为它们通常具有语义上类似的情绪。为此,我们采取监督对比学习,使不同的情绪相互排斥,以更好地识别类似的情绪。同时,我们利用辅助响应生成任务来增强模型处理上下文信息的能力,从而强迫模型在不同的环境中识别与类似语义的情绪。为了实现这些目标,我们使用预先训练的编码器 - 解码器模型架作为我们的骨干模型,因为它非常适合理解和生成任务。四个数据集的实验表明,我们所提出的模型在对话情绪认可中获得比最先进的模型更有利的结果。消融研究进一步展示了监督对比损失和生成损失的有效性。
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了解用户对话中的毒性无疑是一个重要问题。正如在以前的工作中所说的那样,解决“隐秘”或隐含毒性案件特别困难,需要上下文。以前很少有研究已经分析了会话语境在人类感知或自动检测模型中的影响。我们深入探讨这两个方向。我们首先分析现有的上下文数据集,并得出结论,人类的毒性标记一般受到对话结构,极性和主题的影响。然后,我们建议通过引入(a)神经架构来将这些发现带入计算检测模型中,以了解会话结构的语境毒性检测,以及(b)可以帮助模拟语境毒性检测的数据增强策略。我们的结果表明了了解谈话结构的神经架构的令人鼓舞的潜力。我们还表明,这些模型可以从合成数据中受益,尤其是在社交媒体领域。
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Any organization needs to improve their products, services, and processes. In this context, engaging with customers and understanding their journey is essential. Organizations have leveraged various techniques and technologies to support customer engagement, from call centres to chatbots and virtual agents. Recently, these systems have used Machine Learning (ML) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) to analyze large volumes of customer feedback and engagement data. The goal is to understand customers in context and provide meaningful answers across various channels. Despite multiple advances in Conversational Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Recommender Systems (RS), it is still challenging to understand the intent behind customer questions during the customer journey. To address this challenge, in this paper, we study and analyze the recent work in Conversational Recommender Systems (CRS) in general and, more specifically, in chatbot-based CRS. We introduce a pipeline to contextualize the input utterances in conversations. We then take the next step towards leveraging reverse feature engineering to link the contextualized input and learning model to support intent recognition. Since performance evaluation is achieved based on different ML models, we use transformer base models to evaluate the proposed approach using a labelled dialogue dataset (MSDialogue) of question-answering interactions between information seekers and answer providers.
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