Loihi is a 60-mm 2 chip fabricated in Intel's 14-nm process that advances the state-of-the-art modeling of spiking neural networks in silicon. It integrates a wide range of novel features for the field, such as hierarchical connectivity, dendritic compartments, synaptic delays, and, most importantly, programmable synaptic learning rules. Running a spiking convolutional form of the Locally Competitive Algorithm, Loihi can solve LASSO optimization problems with over three orders of magnitude superior energy-delay product compared to conventional solvers running on a CPU isoprocess/voltage/area. This provides an unambiguous example of spike-based computation, outperforming all known conventional solutions.Neuroscience offers a bountiful source of inspiration for novel hardware architectures and algorithms. Through their complex interactions at large scales, biological neurons exhibit an impressive range of behaviors and properties that we currently struggle to model with modern analytical tools, let alone replicate with our design and manufacturing technology. Some of the magic that we see in the brain undoubtedly stems from exotic device and material properties that will remain out of our fabs' reach for
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