在线社交平台，例如Twitter，Facebook，LinkedIn和微信在过去十年中的发展非常快，并且是人们互相交流和共享信息的最有效平台之一。由于“口口相传”的效果，信息通常可以在这些社交媒体平台上迅速传播。因此，重要的是研究推动信息扩散的机制并量化信息传播的后果。许多努力都集中在这个问题上，以帮助我们更好地理解并在病毒营销和广告中实现更高的性能。另一方面，在过去的几年中，神经网络的发展蓬勃发展，导致大量的图表学习（GRL）模型。与传统模型相比，GRL方法通常被证明更有效。在本文中，我们对现有作品进行了全面的审查，该综述使用GRL方法用于普及预测问题，并根据其主要使用的模型和技术将相关文献分为两个大类：基于嵌入的方法和深度学习方法。深度学习方法进一步分为六个小类：卷积神经网络，图形卷积网络，图形注意力网络，图形神经网络，复发性神经网络和增强学习。我们比较这些不同模型的性能，并讨论它们的优势和局限性。最后，我们概述了受欢迎程度预测问题的挑战和未来机会。

Influence Maximization (IM) is a classical combinatorial optimization problem, which can be widely used in mobile networks, social computing, and recommendation systems. It aims at selecting a small number of users such that maximizing the influence spread across the online social network. Because of its potential commercial and academic value, there are a lot of researchers focusing on studying the IM problem from different perspectives. The main challenge comes from the NP-hardness of the IM problem and \#P-hardness of estimating the influence spread, thus traditional algorithms for overcoming them can be categorized into two classes: heuristic algorithms and approximation algorithms. However, there is no theoretical guarantee for heuristic algorithms, and the theoretical design is close to the limit. Therefore, it is almost impossible to further optimize and improve their performance. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, the technology based on Machine Learning (ML) has achieved remarkable achievements in many fields. In view of this, in recent years, a number of new methods have emerged to solve combinatorial optimization problems by using ML-based techniques. These methods have the advantages of fast solving speed and strong generalization ability to unknown graphs, which provide a brand-new direction for solving combinatorial optimization problems. Therefore, we abandon the traditional algorithms based on iterative search and review the recent development of ML-based methods, especially Deep Reinforcement Learning, to solve the IM problem and other variants in social networks. We focus on summarizing the relevant background knowledge, basic principles, common methods, and applied research. Finally, the challenges that need to be solved urgently in future IM research are pointed out.

人口级社会事件，如民事骚乱和犯罪，往往对我们的日常生活产生重大影响。预测此类事件对于决策和资源分配非常重要。由于缺乏关于事件发生的真实原因和潜在机制的知识，事件预测传统上具有挑战性。近年来，由于两个主要原因，研究事件预测研究取得了重大进展：（1）机器学习和深度学习算法的开发和（2）社交媒体，新闻来源，博客，经济等公共数据的可访问性指标和其他元数据源。软件/硬件技术中的数据的爆炸性增长导致了社会事件研究中的深度学习技巧的应用。本文致力于提供社会事件预测的深层学习技术的系统和全面概述。我们专注于两个社会事件的域名：\ Texit {Civil unrest}和\ texit {犯罪}。我们首先介绍事件预测问题如何作为机器学习预测任务制定。然后，我们总结了这些问题的数据资源，传统方法和最近的深度学习模型的发展。最后，我们讨论了社会事件预测中的挑战，并提出了一些有希望的未来研究方向。

级联预测旨在建模信息扩散在网络中。最先前的方法集中在挖掘来自网络的结构或顺序特征和传播路径。最近致力于将网络结构和序列特征结合起来的图形神经网络和经常性神经网络。然而，光谱或空间方法的限制限制了预测性能的提高。此外，经常性神经网络是耗时和计算昂贵的，这导致预测的效率低下。在这里，我们提出了一种考虑个人简档，结构特征和序列信息的新方法CCASGNN。该方法利用GAT和GCN的协作框架以及将位置编码堆叠到图形神经网络层中，这与所有现有的GAT神经网络层不同，并表明了良好的性能。与最先进的方法相比，在两个真实数据集上进行的实验证实，我们的方法显着提高了预测准确性。更重要的是，消融研究调查了我们在我们的方法中的每个组分的贡献。

The stock market prediction has been a traditional yet complex problem researched within diverse research areas and application domains due to its non-linear, highly volatile and complex nature. Existing surveys on stock market prediction often focus on traditional machine learning methods instead of deep learning methods. Deep learning has dominated many domains, gained much success and popularity in recent years in stock market prediction. This motivates us to provide a structured and comprehensive overview of the research on stock market prediction focusing on deep learning techniques. We present four elaborated subtasks of stock market prediction and propose a novel taxonomy to summarize the state-of-the-art models based on deep neural networks from 2011 to 2022. In addition, we also provide detailed statistics on the datasets and evaluation metrics commonly used in the stock market. Finally, we highlight some open issues and point out several future directions by sharing some new perspectives on stock market prediction.

Deep learning has revolutionized many machine learning tasks in recent years, ranging from image classification and video processing to speech recognition and natural language understanding. The data in these tasks are typically represented in the Euclidean space. However, there is an increasing number of applications where data are generated from non-Euclidean domains and are represented as graphs with complex relationships and interdependency between objects. The complexity of graph data has imposed significant challenges on existing machine learning algorithms. Recently, many studies on extending deep learning approaches for graph data have emerged. In this survey, we provide a comprehensive overview of graph neural networks (GNNs) in data mining and machine learning fields. We propose a new taxonomy to divide the state-of-the-art graph neural networks into four categories, namely recurrent graph neural networks, convolutional graph neural networks, graph autoencoders, and spatial-temporal graph neural networks. We further discuss the applications of graph neural networks across various domains and summarize the open source codes, benchmark data sets, and model evaluation of graph neural networks. Finally, we propose potential research directions in this rapidly growing field.

受到计算机愿景和语言理解的深度学习的巨大成功的影响，建议的研究已经转移到发明基于神经网络的新推荐模型。近年来，我们在开发神经推荐模型方面目睹了显着进展，这概括和超越了传统的推荐模型，由于神经网络的强烈代表性。在本调查论文中，我们从建议建模与准确性目标的角度进行了系统审查，旨在总结该领域，促进研究人员和从业者在推荐系统上工作的研究人员和从业者。具体而具体基于推荐建模期间的数据使用，我们将工作划分为协作过滤和信息丰富的建议：1）协作滤波，其利用用户项目交互数据的关键来源; 2）内容丰富的建议，其另外利用与用户和项目相关的侧面信息，如用户配置文件和项目知识图; 3）时间/顺序推荐，其考虑与交互相关的上下文信息，例如时间，位置和过去的交互。在为每种类型审查代表性工作后，我们终于讨论了这一领域的一些有希望的方向。

Graphs are ubiquitous in nature and can therefore serve as models for many practical but also theoretical problems. For this purpose, they can be defined as many different types which suitably reflect the individual contexts of the represented problem. To address cutting-edge problems based on graph data, the research field of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) has emerged. Despite the field's youth and the speed at which new models are developed, many recent surveys have been published to keep track of them. Nevertheless, it has not yet been gathered which GNN can process what kind of graph types. In this survey, we give a detailed overview of already existing GNNs and, unlike previous surveys, categorize them according to their ability to handle different graph types and properties. We consider GNNs operating on static and dynamic graphs of different structural constitutions, with or without node or edge attributes. Moreover, we distinguish between GNN models for discrete-time or continuous-time dynamic graphs and group the models according to their architecture. We find that there are still graph types that are not or only rarely covered by existing GNN models. We point out where models are missing and give potential reasons for their absence.

保持个人特征和复杂的关系，广泛利用和研究了图表数据。通过更新和聚合节点的表示，能够捕获结构信息，图形神经网络（GNN）模型正在获得普及。在财务背景下，该图是基于实际数据构建的，这导致复杂的图形结构，因此需要复杂的方法。在这项工作中，我们在最近的财务环境中对GNN模型进行了全面的审查。我们首先将普通使用的财务图分类并总结每个节点的功能处理步骤。然后，我们总结了每个地图类型的GNN方法，每个区域的应用，并提出一些潜在的研究领域。

Deep learning has been shown to be successful in a number of domains, ranging from acoustics, images, to natural language processing. However, applying deep learning to the ubiquitous graph data is non-trivial because of the unique characteristics of graphs. Recently, substantial research efforts have been devoted to applying deep learning methods to graphs, resulting in beneficial advances in graph analysis techniques. In this survey, we comprehensively review the different types of deep learning methods on graphs. We divide the existing methods into five categories based on their model architectures and training strategies: graph recurrent neural networks, graph convolutional networks, graph autoencoders, graph reinforcement learning, and graph adversarial methods. We then provide a comprehensive overview of these methods in a systematic manner mainly by following their development history. We also analyze the differences and compositions of different methods. Finally, we briefly outline the applications in which they have been used and discuss potential future research directions.

Anomaly analytics is a popular and vital task in various research contexts, which has been studied for several decades. At the same time, deep learning has shown its capacity in solving many graph-based tasks like, node classification, link prediction, and graph classification. Recently, many studies are extending graph learning models for solving anomaly analytics problems, resulting in beneficial advances in graph-based anomaly analytics techniques. In this survey, we provide a comprehensive overview of graph learning methods for anomaly analytics tasks. We classify them into four categories based on their model architectures, namely graph convolutional network (GCN), graph attention network (GAT), graph autoencoder (GAE), and other graph learning models. The differences between these methods are also compared in a systematic manner. Furthermore, we outline several graph-based anomaly analytics applications across various domains in the real world. Finally, we discuss five potential future research directions in this rapidly growing field.

基于历史行为数据的行为预测具有实际的现实意义。它已在推荐，预测学习成绩等中应用。随着用户数据描述的完善，新功能的发展以及多个数据源的融合，包含多种行为的异质行为数据变得越来越普遍。在本文中，我们旨在纳入行为预测的异质用户行为和社会影响。为此，本文提出了一个长期术语内存（LSTM）的变体，该变体可以在对行为序列进行建模时考虑上下文信息，该投影机制可以模拟不同类型的行为之间的多方面关系以及多方面的多方面关系注意机制可以动态地从不同的方面找到信息。许多行为数据属于时空数据。提出了一种基于时空数据并建模社会影响力的社交行为图的无监督方法。此外，基于剩余的基于学习的解码器旨在根据社会行为表示和其他类型的行为表示自动构建多个高阶交叉特征。对现实世界数据集的定性和定量实验已经证明了该模型的有效性。

图表是一个宇宙数据结构，广泛用于组织现实世界中的数据。像交通网络，社交和学术网络这样的各种实际网络网络可以由图表代表。近年来，目睹了在网络中代表顶点的快速发展，进入低维矢量空间，称为网络表示学习。表示学习可以促进图形数据上的新算法的设计。在本调查中，我们对网络代表学习的当前文献进行了全面审查。现有算法可以分为三组：浅埋模型，异构网络嵌入模型，图形神经网络的模型。我们为每个类别审查最先进的算法，并讨论这些算法之间的基本差异。调查的一个优点是，我们系统地研究了不同类别的算法底层的理论基础，这提供了深入的见解，以更好地了解网络表示学习领域的发展。

接触犯罪和暴力会损害个人的生活质量和社区的经济增长。鉴于机器学习的迅速发展，需要探索自动解决方案以防止犯罪。随着细粒度的城市和公共服务数据的可用性越来越多，最近融合了这种跨域信息以促进犯罪预测的激增。通过捕获有关社会结构，环境和犯罪趋势的信息，现有的机器学习预测模型从不同观点探索了动态犯罪模式。但是，这些方法主要将这种多源知识转换为隐性和潜在表示（例如，学区的嵌入），这仍然是研究显式因素对幕后犯罪发生的影响的影响仍然是一个挑战。在本文中，我们提出了一个时空的元数据指导性犯罪预测（STMEC）框架，以捕获犯罪行为的动态模式，并明确地表征了环境和社会因素如何相互互动以产生预测。广泛的实验表明，与其他先进的时空模型相比，STMEC的优越性，尤其是在预测重罪（例如使用危险武器的抢劫和袭击）时。

时间图代表实体之间的动态关系，并发生在许多现实生活中的应用中，例如社交网络，电子商务，通信，道路网络，生物系统等。他们需要根据其生成建模和表示学习的研究超出与静态图有关的研究。在这项调查中，我们全面回顾了近期针对处理时间图提出的神经时间依赖图表的学习和生成建模方法。最后，我们确定了现有方法的弱点，并讨论了我们最近发表的论文提格的研究建议[24]。

Pre-publication draft of a book to be published byMorgan & Claypool publishers. Unedited version released with permission. All relevant copyrights held by the author and publisher extend to this pre-publication draft.

本次调查绘制了用于分析社交媒体数据的生成方法的研究状态的广泛的全景照片（Sota）。它填补了空白，因为现有的调查文章在其范围内或被约会。我们包括两个重要方面，目前正在挖掘和建模社交媒体的重要性：动态和网络。社会动态对于了解影响影响或疾病的传播，友谊的形成，友谊的形成等，另一方面，可以捕获各种复杂关系，提供额外的洞察力和识别否则将不会被注意的重要模式。

社会影响力预测已经渗透到许多领域，包括营销，行为预测，推荐系统等。但是，预测社会影响力的传统方法不仅需要领域专业知识，而且还依赖于提取用户功能，这可能非常乏味。此外，处理非欧几里得空间中的图形数据的图形卷积网络（GCN）并不直接适用于欧几里得空间。为了克服这些问题，我们扩展了DeepInf，以便它可以通过页面排名域的过渡概率来预测Covid-19的社会影响。此外，我们的实施产生了一种基于学习的个性化传播算法，称为DEEPPP。所得算法将神经预测模型的个性化传播与页面级分析中神经预测模型的近似个性化传播相结合。来自不同领域的四个社交网络以及两个COVID-19数据集用于证明拟议算法的效率和有效性。与其他基线方法相比，DEEPPP提供了更准确的社会影响预测。此外，实验表明DEEPPP可以应用于COVID-19的现实世界预测数据。

Time series anomaly detection has applications in a wide range of research fields and applications, including manufacturing and healthcare. The presence of anomalies can indicate novel or unexpected events, such as production faults, system defects, or heart fluttering, and is therefore of particular interest. The large size and complex patterns of time series have led researchers to develop specialised deep learning models for detecting anomalous patterns. This survey focuses on providing structured and comprehensive state-of-the-art time series anomaly detection models through the use of deep learning. It providing a taxonomy based on the factors that divide anomaly detection models into different categories. Aside from describing the basic anomaly detection technique for each category, the advantages and limitations are also discussed. Furthermore, this study includes examples of deep anomaly detection in time series across various application domains in recent years. It finally summarises open issues in research and challenges faced while adopting deep anomaly detection models.

生物医学网络是与疾病网络的蛋白质相互作用的普遍描述符，从蛋白质相互作用，一直到医疗保健系统和科学知识。随着代表学习提供强大的预测和洞察的显着成功，我们目睹了表现形式学习技术的快速扩展，进入了这些网络的建模，分析和学习。在这篇综述中，我们提出了一个观察到生物学和医学中的网络长期原则 - 而在机器学习研究中经常出口 - 可以为代表学习提供概念基础，解释其当前的成功和限制，并告知未来进步。我们综合了一系列算法方法，即在其核心利用图形拓扑到将网络嵌入到紧凑的向量空间中，并捕获表示陈述学习证明有用的方式的广度。深远的影响包括鉴定复杂性状的变异性，单细胞的异心行为及其对健康的影响，协助患者的诊断和治疗以及制定安全有效的药物。