We present X-Decoder, a generalized decoding model that can predict pixel-level segmentation and language tokens seamlessly. X-Decodert takes as input two types of queries: (i) generic non-semantic queries and (ii) semantic queries induced from text inputs, to decode different pixel-level and token-level outputs in the same semantic space. With such a novel design, X-Decoder is the first work that provides a unified way to support all types of image segmentation and a variety of vision-language (VL) tasks. Further, our design enables seamless interactions across tasks at different granularities and brings mutual benefits by learning a common and rich pixel-level visual-semantic understanding space, without any pseudo-labeling. After pretraining on a mixed set of a limited amount of segmentation data and millions of image-text pairs, X-Decoder exhibits strong transferability to a wide range of downstream tasks in both zero-shot and finetuning settings. Notably, it achieves (1) state-of-the-art results on open-vocabulary segmentation and referring segmentation on eight datasets; (2) better or competitive finetuned performance to other generalist and specialist models on segmentation and VL tasks; and (3) flexibility for efficient finetuning and novel task composition (e.g., referring captioning and image editing). Code, demo, video, and visualization are available at https://x-decoder-vl.github.io.

随着自动假新闻检测技术的快速发展，事实提取和验证（发烧）吸引了更多的关注。该任务旨在从数百万个开放域Wikipedia文件中提取最相关的事实证据，然后验证相应索赔的可信度。尽管已经为该任务提出了几种强大的模型，但他们取得了长足的进步，但我们认为他们无法利用多视图上下文信息，因此无法获得更好的性能。在本文中，我们建议整合多视图上下文信息（IMCI）进行事实提取和验证。对于每个证据句子，我们定义两种上下文，即文档内部上下文和文档间的上下文}。文档内上下文由文档标题和同一文档中的所有其他句子组成。文档间的上下文包括所有其他证据，这些证据可能来自不同的文档。然后，我们集成了多视图上下文信息，以编码证据句子以处理任务。我们对发烧1.0共享任务的实验结果表明，我们的IMCI框架在事实提取和验证方面取得了长足的进步，并以72.97％的胜利发烧得分达到了最先进的表现，在线上获得了75.84％的标签准确度盲测。我们还进行消融研究以检测多视图上下文信息的影响。我们的代码将在https://github.com/phoenixsecularbird/imci上发布。

图像去除任务是一个不适的任务，其中存在无限的可行解决方案来模糊图像。现代深度学习方法通​​常会丢弃模糊内核的学习，并直接采用端到端的监督学习。流行的DeBlurring数据集将标签定义为可行解决方案之一。但是，我们认为直接指定标签是不合理的，尤其是当从随机分布中采样标签时。因此，我们建议使网络学习可行解决方案的分布，并基于此考虑，设计了一种新型的多头输出体系结构和分配学习的相应损失函数。我们的方法使该模型能够输出多个可行解决方案以近似目标分布。我们进一步提出了一种新型参数多路复用方法，该方法可以减少参数和计算工作的数量，同时改善性能。我们评估了我们在多个图像塑性模型（包括当前最新NAFNET）的方法。最佳总体（在每个验证图像中选择最高得分）的提高PSNR的表现优于比较的基准高达0.11〜0.18dB。最佳单头的改善（在验证集的多个头部中选择表现最佳的头部）PSNR优于比较的基线高达0.04〜0.08dB。这些代码可在https://github.com/liu-sd/multi-actup-deblur上找到。

PCL检测任务旨在识别和分类语言，这些语言是光顾或屈服于一般媒体中的脆弱社区。 ，使通用文本分类方法的表现令人失望。针对Semeval-2022任务4中的PCL检测问题，在本文中，我们对团队的解决方案进行了介绍，该解决方案利用了基于段落分类的及时学习的力量。我们将任务重新制定为适当的披肩提示，并使用预先训练的蒙版语言模型来填补披肩插槽。对于这两个子任务，即二进制分类和多标签分类，采用并微调Deberta模型来预测特定于任务的提示的标签单词。在评估数据集中，对于二进制分类，我们的方法达到了0.6406的F1分数；对于多标签分类，我们的方法达到了0.4689的宏F1得分，在排行榜中排名第一。

联合学习（FL）可以培训全球模型，而无需共享存储在多个设备上的分散的原始数据以保护数据隐私。由于设备的能力多样化，FL框架难以解决Straggler效应和过时模型的问题。此外，数据异质性在FL训练过程中会导致全球模型的严重准确性降解。为了解决上述问题，我们提出了一个层次同步FL框架，即Fedhisyn。 Fedhisyn首先根据其计算能力将所有可​​用的设备簇分为少数类别。经过一定的本地培训间隔后，将不同类别培训的模型同时上传到中央服务器。在单个类别中，设备根据环形拓扑会相互传达局部更新的模型权重。随着环形拓扑中训练的效率更喜欢具有均匀资源的设备，基于计算能力的分类减轻了Straggler效应的影响。此外，多个类别的同步更新与单个类别中的设备通信的组合有助于解决数据异质性问题，同时达到高精度。我们评估了基于MNIST，EMNIST，CIFAR10和CIFAR100数据集的提议框架以及设备的不同异质设置。实验结果表明，在训练准确性和效率方面，Fedhisyn的表现优于六种基线方法，例如FedAvg，脚手架和Fedat。

Few Shot Instance Segmentation (FSIS) requires models to detect and segment novel classes with limited several support examples. In this work, we explore a simple yet unified solution for FSIS as well as its incremental variants, and introduce a new framework named Reference Twice (RefT) to fully explore the relationship between support/query features based on a Transformer-like framework. Our key insights are two folds: Firstly, with the aid of support masks, we can generate dynamic class centers more appropriately to re-weight query features. Secondly, we find that support object queries have already encoded key factors after base training. In this way, the query features can be enhanced twice from two aspects, i.e., feature-level and instance-level. In particular, we firstly design a mask-based dynamic weighting module to enhance support features and then propose to link object queries for better calibration via cross-attention. After the above steps, the novel classes can be improved significantly over our strong baseline. Additionally, our new framework can be easily extended to incremental FSIS with minor modification. When benchmarking results on the COCO dataset for FSIS, gFSIS, and iFSIS settings, our method achieves a competitive performance compared to existing approaches across different shots, e.g., we boost nAP by noticeable +8.2/+9.4 over the current state-of-the-art FSIS method for 10/30-shot. We further demonstrate the superiority of our approach on Few Shot Object Detection. Code and model will be available.

In this paper, we study the problem of knowledge-intensive text-to-SQL, in which domain knowledge is necessary to parse expert questions into SQL queries over domain-specific tables. We formalize this scenario by building a new Chinese benchmark KnowSQL consisting of domain-specific questions covering various domains. We then address this problem by presenting formulaic knowledge, rather than by annotating additional data examples. More concretely, we construct a formulaic knowledge bank as a domain knowledge base and propose a framework (ReGrouP) to leverage this formulaic knowledge during parsing. Experiments using ReGrouP demonstrate a significant 28.2% improvement overall on KnowSQL.

For Prognostics and Health Management (PHM) of Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, many models have been established to characterize their degradation process. The existing empirical or physical models can reveal important information regarding the degradation dynamics. However, there is no general and flexible methods to fuse the information represented by those models. Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) is an efficient tool to fuse empirical or physical dynamic models with data-driven models. To take full advantage of various information sources, we propose a model fusion scheme based on PINN. It is implemented by developing a semi-empirical semi-physical Partial Differential Equation (PDE) to model the degradation dynamics of Li-ion-batteries. When there is little prior knowledge about the dynamics, we leverage the data-driven Deep Hidden Physics Model (DeepHPM) to discover the underlying governing dynamic models. The uncovered dynamics information is then fused with that mined by the surrogate neural network in the PINN framework. Moreover, an uncertainty-based adaptive weighting method is employed to balance the multiple learning tasks when training the PINN. The proposed methods are verified on a public dataset of Li-ion Phosphate (LFP)/graphite batteries.

Surgical robot automation has attracted increasing research interest over the past decade, expecting its huge potential to benefit surgeons, nurses and patients. Recently, the learning paradigm of embodied AI has demonstrated promising ability to learn good control policies for various complex tasks, where embodied AI simulators play an essential role to facilitate relevant researchers. However, existing open-sourced simulators for surgical robot are still not sufficiently supporting human interactions through physical input devices, which further limits effective investigations on how human demonstrations would affect policy learning. In this paper, we study human-in-the-loop embodied intelligence with a new interactive simulation platform for surgical robot learning. Specifically, we establish our platform based on our previously released SurRoL simulator with several new features co-developed to allow high-quality human interaction via an input device. With these, we further propose to collect human demonstrations and imitate the action patterns to achieve more effective policy learning. We showcase the improvement of our simulation environment with the designed new features and tasks, and validate state-of-the-art reinforcement learning algorithms using the interactive environment. Promising results are obtained, with which we hope to pave the way for future research on surgical embodied intelligence. Our platform is released and will be continuously updated in the website: https://med-air.github.io/SurRoL/

Brain midline shift (MLS) is one of the most critical factors to be considered for clinical diagnosis and treatment decision-making for intracranial hemorrhage. Existing computational methods on MLS quantification not only require intensive labeling in millimeter-level measurement but also suffer from poor performance due to their dependence on specific landmarks or simplified anatomical assumptions. In this paper, we propose a novel semi-supervised framework to accurately measure the scale of MLS from head CT scans. We formulate the MLS measurement task as a deformation estimation problem and solve it using a few MLS slices with sparse labels. Meanwhile, with the help of diffusion models, we are able to use a great number of unlabeled MLS data and 2793 non-MLS cases for representation learning and regularization. The extracted representation reflects how the image is different from a non-MLS image and regularization serves an important role in the sparse-to-dense refinement of the deformation field. Our experiment on a real clinical brain hemorrhage dataset has achieved state-of-the-art performance and can generate interpretable deformation fields.