We propose a new model-based offline RL framework, called Adversarial Models for Offline Reinforcement Learning (ARMOR), which can robustly learn policies to improve upon an arbitrary baseline policy regardless of data coverage. Based on the concept of relative pessimism, ARMOR is designed to optimize for the worst-case relative performance when facing uncertainty. In theory, we prove that the learned policy of ARMOR never degrades the performance of the baseline policy with any admissible hyperparameter, and can learn to compete with the best policy within data coverage when the hyperparameter is well tuned, and the baseline policy is supported by the data. Such a robust policy improvement property makes ARMOR especially suitable for building real-world learning systems, because in practice ensuring no performance degradation is imperative before considering any benefit learning can bring.

考虑互动学习的问题设定（IGL），其中学习者的目标是与环境进行最佳互动，而无需明确的奖励以依靠其政策。代理商观察上下文向量，采取行动并接收反馈向量，并使用此信息有效地优化潜在奖励功能的策略。当反馈向量包含该动作时，事先分析的方法失败了，这在许多潜在方案中显着限制了IGL的成功，例如脑部计算机界面（BCI）或人类计算机界面（HCI）应用程序。我们通过创建算法和分析来解决这一问题，该算法和分析即使反馈向量包含以任何方式编码的动作，允许IGL起作用。我们根据监督数据集提供理论保证和大规模实验，以证明新方法的有效性。

我们根据相对悲观主义的概念，在数据覆盖不足的情况下提出了经过对抗训练的演员评论家（ATAC），这是一种新的无模型算法（RL）。 ATAC被设计为两人Stackelberg游戏：政策演员与受对抗训练的价值评论家竞争，后者发现参与者不如数据收集行为策略的数据一致方案。我们证明，当演员在两人游戏中不后悔时，运行ATAC会产生一项政策，证明1）在控制悲观程度的各种超级参数上都超过了行为政策，而2）与最佳竞争。 policy covered by data with appropriately chosen hyperparameters.与现有作品相比，尤其是我们的框架提供了一般函数近似的理论保证，也提供了可扩展到复杂环境和大型数据集的深度RL实现。在D4RL基准测试中，ATAC在一系列连续的控制任务上始终优于最先进的离线RL算法。

使用悲观，推理缺乏详尽的勘探数据集时的脱机强化学习最近颇具知名度。尽管它增加了算法的鲁棒性，过于悲观的推理可以在排除利好政策的发现，这是流行的基于红利悲观的问题同样有害。在本文中，我们介绍一般函数近似的Bellman-一致悲观的概念：不是计算逐点下界的值的功能，我们在超过设定的与贝尔曼方程一致的功能的初始状态实现悲观。我们的理论保证只需要贝尔曼封闭性作为探索性的设置标准，其中基于奖金的情况下的悲观情绪未能提供担保。即使在线性函数逼近的特殊情况下更强的表现力假设成立，我们的结果由$ \ mathcal {}Ø（d）在其样品的复杂$在最近的基于奖金的方法改善的时候，动作的空间是有限的。值得注意的是，我们的算法，能够自动适应事后最好的偏差 - 方差折中，而大多数现有的方法中需要调整的额外超参数的先验。

我们在使用函数近似的情况下，在使用最小的Minimax方法估算这些功能时，使用功能近似来实现函数近似和$ q $ functions的理论表征。在各种可靠性和完整性假设的组合下，我们表明Minimax方法使我们能够实现重量和质量功能的快速收敛速度，其特征在于关键的不平等\ citep {bartlett2005}。基于此结果，我们分析了OPE的收敛速率。特别是，我们引入了新型的替代完整性条件，在该条件下，OPE是可行的，我们在非尾部环境中以一阶效率提出了第一个有限样本结果，即在领先期限中具有最小的系数。

Driven by improved architectures and better representation learning frameworks, the field of visual recognition has enjoyed rapid modernization and performance boost in the early 2020s. For example, modern ConvNets, represented by ConvNeXt, have demonstrated strong performance in various scenarios. While these models were originally designed for supervised learning with ImageNet labels, they can also potentially benefit from self-supervised learning techniques such as masked autoencoders (MAE). However, we found that simply combining these two approaches leads to subpar performance. In this paper, we propose a fully convolutional masked autoencoder framework and a new Global Response Normalization (GRN) layer that can be added to the ConvNeXt architecture to enhance inter-channel feature competition. This co-design of self-supervised learning techniques and architectural improvement results in a new model family called ConvNeXt V2, which significantly improves the performance of pure ConvNets on various recognition benchmarks, including ImageNet classification, COCO detection, and ADE20K segmentation. We also provide pre-trained ConvNeXt V2 models of various sizes, ranging from an efficient 3.7M-parameter Atto model with 76.7% top-1 accuracy on ImageNet, to a 650M Huge model that achieves a state-of-the-art 88.9% accuracy using only public training data.

A step-search sequential quadratic programming method is proposed for solving nonlinear equality constrained stochastic optimization problems. It is assumed that constraint function values and derivatives are available, but only stochastic approximations of the objective function and its associated derivatives can be computed via inexact probabilistic zeroth- and first-order oracles. Under reasonable assumptions, a high-probability bound on the iteration complexity of the algorithm to approximate first-order stationarity is derived. Numerical results on standard nonlinear optimization test problems illustrate the advantages and limitations of our proposed method.

Masked image modeling (MIM) has shown great promise for self-supervised learning (SSL) yet been criticized for learning inefficiency. We believe the insufficient utilization of training signals should be responsible. To alleviate this issue, we introduce a conceptually simple yet learning-efficient MIM training scheme, termed Disjoint Masking with Joint Distillation (DMJD). For disjoint masking (DM), we sequentially sample multiple masked views per image in a mini-batch with the disjoint regulation to raise the usage of tokens for reconstruction in each image while keeping the masking rate of each view. For joint distillation (JD), we adopt a dual branch architecture to respectively predict invisible (masked) and visible (unmasked) tokens with superior learning targets. Rooting in orthogonal perspectives for training efficiency improvement, DM and JD cooperatively accelerate the training convergence yet not sacrificing the model generalization ability. Concretely, DM can train ViT with half of the effective training epochs (3.7 times less time-consuming) to report competitive performance. With JD, our DMJD clearly improves the linear probing classification accuracy over ConvMAE by 5.8%. On fine-grained downstream tasks like semantic segmentation, object detection, etc., our DMJD also presents superior generalization compared with state-of-the-art SSL methods. The code and model will be made public at https://github.com/mx-mark/DMJD.

Considering the computation complexity, we propose a Guided Hybrid Quantization with One-to-one Self-Teaching (GHOST}) framework. More concretely, we first design a structure called guided quantization self-distillation (GQSD), which is an innovative idea for realizing lightweight through the synergy of quantization and distillation. The training process of the quantization model is guided by its full-precision model, which is time-saving and cost-saving without preparing a huge pre-trained model in advance. Second, we put forward a hybrid quantization (HQ) module to obtain the optimal bit width automatically under a constrained condition where a threshold for distribution distance between the center and samples is applied in the weight value search space. Third, in order to improve information transformation, we propose a one-to-one self-teaching (OST) module to give the student network a ability of self-judgment. A switch control machine (SCM) builds a bridge between the student network and teacher network in the same location to help the teacher to reduce wrong guidance and impart vital knowledge to the student. This distillation method allows a model to learn from itself and gain substantial improvement without any additional supervision. Extensive experiments on a multimodal dataset (VEDAI) and single-modality datasets (DOTA, NWPU, and DIOR) show that object detection based on GHOST outperforms the existing detectors. The tiny parameters (<9.7 MB) and Bit-Operations (BOPs) (<2158 G) compared with any remote sensing-based, lightweight or distillation-based algorithms demonstrate the superiority in the lightweight design domain. Our code and model will be released at https://github.com/icey-zhang/GHOST.

Automatic font generation without human experts is a practical and significant problem, especially for some languages that consist of a large number of characters. Existing methods for font generation are often in supervised learning. They require a large number of paired data, which are labor-intensive and expensive to collect. In contrast, common unsupervised image-to-image translation methods are not applicable to font generation, as they often define style as the set of textures and colors. In this work, we propose a robust deformable generative network for unsupervised font generation (abbreviated as DGFont++). We introduce a feature deformation skip connection (FDSC) to learn local patterns and geometric transformations between fonts. The FDSC predicts pairs of displacement maps and employs the predicted maps to apply deformable convolution to the low-level content feature maps. The outputs of FDSC are fed into a mixer to generate final results. Moreover, we introduce contrastive self-supervised learning to learn a robust style representation for fonts by understanding the similarity and dissimilarities of fonts. To distinguish different styles, we train our model with a multi-task discriminator, which ensures that each style can be discriminated independently. In addition to adversarial loss, another two reconstruction losses are adopted to constrain the domain-invariant characteristics between generated images and content images. Taking advantage of FDSC and the adopted loss functions, our model is able to maintain spatial information and generates high-quality character images in an unsupervised manner. Experiments demonstrate that our model is able to generate character images of higher quality than state-of-the-art methods.