平均老师（MT）方案在半监督对象检测（SSOD）中被广泛采用。在MT中，通过手工制作的标签分配，采用了由教师的最终预测（例如，在无最大抑制（NMS）后处理之后）提供的稀疏伪标签（例如，在无最大抑制（NMS）后处理）。但是，稀疏到密集的范式使SSOD的管道复杂化，同时忽略了强大的直接，密集的教师监督。在本文中，我们试图直接利用教师的密集指导来监督学生培训，即密集至密集的范式。具体而言，我们建议逆NMS聚类（INC）和等级匹配（RM），以实例化密集的监督，而无需广泛使用的常规稀疏伪标签。 Inc带领学生像老师一样将候选箱子分组为NMS中的群集，这是通过学习在NMS过程中揭示的分组信息来实现的。在通过Inc获得了与教师相同的分组计划后，学生通过排名匹配进一步模仿了教师与聚类候选人的排名分配。借助拟议的Inc和RM，我们将密集的教师指导集成到半监督的对象检测（称为DTG-SSOD）中，成功地放弃了稀疏的伪标签，并在未标记的数据上提供了更有信息的学习。在可可基准上，我们的DTG-SSOD在各种标签率下实现了最先进的性能。例如，在10％的标签率下，DTG-SSOD将监督的基线从26.9提高到35.9地图，使以前的最佳方法软教师的表现优于1.9分。

在本文中，我们在半监督对象检测（SSOD）中深入研究了两种关键技术，即伪标记和一致性训练。我们观察到，目前，这两种技术忽略了对象检测的一些重要特性，从而阻碍了对未标记数据的有效学习。具体而言，对于伪标记，现有作品仅关注分类得分，但不能保证伪框的本地化精度；为了保持一致性训练，广泛采用的随机训练只考虑了标签级的一致性，但错过了功能级别的训练，这在确保尺度不变性方面也起着重要作用。为了解决嘈杂的伪箱所产生的问题，我们设计了包括预测引导的标签分配（PLA）和正面验证一致性投票（PCV）的嘈杂伪盒学习（NPL）。 PLA依赖于模型预测来分配标签，并使甚至粗糙的伪框都具有鲁棒性。 PCV利用积极建议的回归一致性来反映伪盒的本地化质量。此外，在一致性训练中，我们提出了包括标签和特征水平一致性的机制的多视图尺度不变学习（MSL），其中通过将两个图像之间的移动特征金字塔对准具有相同内容但变化量表的变化来实现特征一致性。在可可基准测试上，我们的方法称为伪标签和一致性训练（PSECO），分别以2.0、1.8、2.0分的1％，5％和10％的标签比优于SOTA（软教师）。它还显着提高了SSOD的学习效率，例如，PSECO将SOTA方法的训练时间减半，但实现了更好的性能。代码可从https://github.com/ligang-cs/pseco获得。

知识蒸馏（KD）是一种广泛使用的技术，将繁琐的教师模型继承到紧凑的学生模型，从而实现模型压缩和加速度。与图像分类相比，对象检测是一个更复杂的任务，设计特定的KD方法用于对象检测是非微小的。在这项工作中，我们精心研究教师和学生检测模型之间的行为差​​异，并获得了两个有趣的观察：首先，教师和学生对其检测到的候选盒子相得益彰，这导致了它们的精确差异。其次，教师和学生之间的特征响应差异和预测差异之间存在相当大的差距，表明同样模仿老师的所有特征映射是提高学生准确性的次优选。基于这两个观察，我们提出了用于分别蒸馏单级探测器的测量模拟（RM）和预测引导的特征模仿（PFI）。 RM从教师那里夺取候选人盒的等级作为一种新的知识形式，蒸馏，这始终如一地优于传统的软标签蒸馏。 PFI试图将特征差异与预测差异相关，使特征模仿直接有助于提高学生的准确性。在MS Coco和Pascal VOC基准测试中，广泛的实验在不同骨干的各种探测器上进行，以验证我们方法的有效性。具体而言，具有Reset50的RetinAnet在MS Coco中实现了40.4％的图，比其基线高3.5％，并且还优于先前的KD方法。

近年来，美国经历了一个缺乏预定的药物过量死亡的阿片类药物。研究发现这种过量的死亡与邻域级特征有关，从而提供了识别有效干预的机会。通常，诸如普通的最小二乘（OLS）或最大似然估计（MLE）的技术用于记录邻域级因素，在解释这种不利结果时。然而，这些技术较低的是在混淆因素之间确定非线性关系。因此，在这项研究中，我们应用基于机器学习的技术，以识别特拉华州社区的阿片式风险，并探讨这些因素使用福芙添加剂解释（Shaf）的相关性。我们发现与社区环境有关的因素，随后受教育，然后犯罪，与较高的阿片类药物风险高度相关。多年来我们还探讨了这些相关性的变化，了解流行病的变化动态。此外，我们发现，随着近年来，由于疫情从法律（即，海洛因和芬太尼）药物从法律（即，海洛因和芬太尼）转移，与阿片类药风险的环境，犯罪和健康相关变量的相关性显着增加虽然经济和社会人口统计变量的相关性降低了。近年来，教育相关因素的相关性与近年来略有增加，表明需要提高对阿片类药物流行病的认识。

Different people speak with diverse personalized speaking styles. Although existing one-shot talking head methods have made significant progress in lip sync, natural facial expressions, and stable head motions, they still cannot generate diverse speaking styles in the final talking head videos. To tackle this problem, we propose a one-shot style-controllable talking face generation framework. In a nutshell, we aim to attain a speaking style from an arbitrary reference speaking video and then drive the one-shot portrait to speak with the reference speaking style and another piece of audio. Specifically, we first develop a style encoder to extract dynamic facial motion patterns of a style reference video and then encode them into a style code. Afterward, we introduce a style-controllable decoder to synthesize stylized facial animations from the speech content and style code. In order to integrate the reference speaking style into generated videos, we design a style-aware adaptive transformer, which enables the encoded style code to adjust the weights of the feed-forward layers accordingly. Thanks to the style-aware adaptation mechanism, the reference speaking style can be better embedded into synthesized videos during decoding. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method is capable of generating talking head videos with diverse speaking styles from only one portrait image and an audio clip while achieving authentic visual effects. Project Page: https://github.com/FuxiVirtualHuman/styletalk.

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarms are considered as a promising technique for next-generation communication networks due to their flexibility, mobility, low cost, and the ability to collaboratively and autonomously provide services. Distributed learning (DL) enables UAV swarms to intelligently provide communication services, multi-directional remote surveillance, and target tracking. In this survey, we first introduce several popular DL algorithms such as federated learning (FL), multi-agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL), distributed inference, and split learning, and present a comprehensive overview of their applications for UAV swarms, such as trajectory design, power control, wireless resource allocation, user assignment, perception, and satellite communications. Then, we present several state-of-the-art applications of UAV swarms in wireless communication systems, such us reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), virtual reality (VR), semantic communications, and discuss the problems and challenges that DL-enabled UAV swarms can solve in these applications. Finally, we describe open problems of using DL in UAV swarms and future research directions of DL enabled UAV swarms. In summary, this survey provides a comprehensive survey of various DL applications for UAV swarms in extensive scenarios.

In this work, we focus on instance-level open vocabulary segmentation, intending to expand a segmenter for instance-wise novel categories without mask annotations. We investigate a simple yet effective framework with the help of image captions, focusing on exploiting thousands of object nouns in captions to discover instances of novel classes. Rather than adopting pretrained caption models or using massive caption datasets with complex pipelines, we propose an end-to-end solution from two aspects: caption grounding and caption generation. In particular, we devise a joint Caption Grounding and Generation (CGG) framework based on a Mask Transformer baseline. The framework has a novel grounding loss that performs explicit and implicit multi-modal feature alignments. We further design a lightweight caption generation head to allow for additional caption supervision. We find that grounding and generation complement each other, significantly enhancing the segmentation performance for novel categories. We conduct extensive experiments on the COCO dataset with two settings: Open Vocabulary Instance Segmentation (OVIS) and Open Set Panoptic Segmentation (OSPS). The results demonstrate the superiority of our CGG framework over previous OVIS methods, achieving a large improvement of 6.8% mAP on novel classes without extra caption data. Our method also achieves over 15% PQ improvements for novel classes on the OSPS benchmark under various settings.

Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging aims to reconstruct the three-dimensional hidden scenes from the data measured in the line-of-sight, which uses photon time-of-flight information encoded in light after multiple diffuse reflections. The under-sampled scanning data can facilitate fast imaging. However, the resulting reconstruction problem becomes a serious ill-posed inverse problem, the solution of which is of high possibility to be degraded due to noises and distortions. In this paper, we propose two novel NLOS reconstruction models based on curvature regularization, i.e., the object-domain curvature regularization model and the dual (i.e., signal and object)-domain curvature regularization model. Fast numerical optimization algorithms are developed relying on the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) with the backtracking stepsize rule, which are further accelerated by GPU implementation. We evaluate the proposed algorithms on both synthetic and real datasets, which achieve state-of-the-art performance, especially in the compressed sensing setting. All our codes and data are available at https://github.com/Duanlab123/CurvNLOS.

Stance detection refers to the task of extracting the standpoint (Favor, Against or Neither) towards a target in given texts. Such research gains increasing attention with the proliferation of social media contents. The conventional framework of handling stance detection is converting it into text classification tasks. Deep learning models have already replaced rule-based models and traditional machine learning models in solving such problems. Current deep neural networks are facing two main challenges which are insufficient labeled data and information in social media posts and the unexplainable nature of deep learning models. A new pre-trained language model chatGPT was launched on Nov 30, 2022. For the stance detection tasks, our experiments show that ChatGPT can achieve SOTA or similar performance for commonly used datasets including SemEval-2016 and P-Stance. At the same time, ChatGPT can provide explanation for its own prediction, which is beyond the capability of any existing model. The explanations for the cases it cannot provide classification results are especially useful. ChatGPT has the potential to be the best AI model for stance detection tasks in NLP, or at least change the research paradigm of this field. ChatGPT also opens up the possibility of building explanatory AI for stance detection.

Motivated by the problem of matching vertices in two correlated Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi graphs, we study the problem of matching two correlated Gaussian Wigner matrices. We propose an iterative matching algorithm, which succeeds in polynomial time as long as the correlation between the two Gaussian matrices does not vanish. Our result is the first polynomial time algorithm that solves a graph matching type of problem when the correlation is an arbitrarily small constant.