The node-place model has been widely used to classify and evaluate transit stations, which sheds light on individual travel behaviors and supports urban planning through effectively integrating land use and transportation development. This article adapts this model to investigate whether and how node, place, and mobility would be associated with the transmission risks and presences of the local COVID-19 cases in a city. Similar studies on the model and its relevance to COVID-19, according to our knowledge, have not been undertaken before. Moreover, the unique metric drawn from detailed visit history of the infected, i.e., the COVID-19 footprints, is proposed and exploited. This study then empirically uses the adapted model to examine the station-level factors affecting the local COVID-19 footprints. The model accounts for traditional measures of the node and place as well as actual human mobility patterns associated with the node and place. It finds that stations with high node, place, and human mobility indices normally have more COVID-19 footprints in proximity. A multivariate regression is fitted to see whether and to what degree different indices and indicators can predict the COVID-19 footprints. The results indicate that many of the place, node, and human mobility indicators significantly impact the concentration of COVID-19 footprints. These are useful for policy-makers to predict and monitor hotspots for COVID-19 and other pandemics transmission.
translated by 谷歌翻译
当前的最佳性能模型用于知识图推理(KGR)将几何学对象或概率分布引入嵌入实体,并将一阶逻辑(fol)查询引入低维矢量空间。它们可以总结为中心尺寸框架(点/框/锥,β/高斯分布等)。但是,它们具有有限的逻辑推理能力。而且很难概括到各种功能,因为中心和大小是一对一的约束,无法具有多个中心或尺寸。为了应对这些挑战,我们相反提出了一个名为“特征逻辑嵌入框架Flex”的新颖的KGR框架,这是第一个KGR框架,它不仅可以真正处理所有运营,包括连词,析取,否定,否定等等,而且还支持各种操作特征空间。具体而言,特征逻辑框架的逻辑部分是基于向量逻辑的,它自然地对所有FOL操作进行了建模。实验表明,FLEX在基准数据集上明显优于现有的最新方法。
translated by 谷歌翻译
扬声器在彼此保持一致的过程中建立了融洽的关系。在指导域材料的同时,已经证明了与教师的融洽关系,以促进学习。过去关于教育领域的词汇一致性的工作都在量化对齐方式的措施和与代理对齐的相互作用的类型中都遭受了限制。在本文中,我们采用基于数据驱动的共享表达式概念(可能由多个单词组成)的对齐措施,并比较一对一的人类机器人(H-R)相互作用的对齐方式与协作人类人类的H-R部分中的对齐方式-Orobot(H-H-R)相互作用。我们发现,H-R设置中的学生与H-H-R设置相比,与可教的机器人保持一致,并且词汇一致性和融洽关系之间的关系比以前的理论和经验工作所预测的要复杂。
translated by 谷歌翻译
多实体点云注册是估计目标点云中源点云实例的多个姿势的问题。解决此问题是具有挑战性的,因为一个实例的嵌入对应关系构成了所有其他实例的异常值。现有方法通常依赖于耗时的假设抽样或具有利用空间一致性的特征,从而导致性能有限。在本文中,我们提出了PointClm,这是一个基于对比的学习构成点云注册的框架。我们首先利用对比度学习来学习投入推定的对应关系的完善的深层表示。然后,基于这些表示形式,我们提出了一个异常的修剪策略和聚类策略,以有效地删除异常值并将其余对应关系分配给正确实例。我们的方法的表现优于合成数据集和真实数据集的最新方法。
translated by 谷歌翻译
蒙面语言建模(MLM)已成为最成功的自我保护的预训练任务之一。受其成功的启发,Point-Bert作为Point Cloud的先驱工作,提出了蒙版点建模(MPM),以便在大规模无动物数据集上预先训练点变压器。尽管表现出色,但我们发现语言和点云之间的固有区别倾向于引起点云的模棱两可的令牌化。对于点云,没有用于点云令牌化的黄金标准。尽管Point-Bert引入了离散的变异自动编码器(DVAE)作为令牌,以将令牌ID分配给本地补丁,但它倾向于为本地补丁生成模棱两可的令牌ID。我们发现,这种不完美的令牌可能会为语义相似的补丁产生不同的令牌ID,并为语义 - 差异贴片提供相同的令牌ID。为了解决上述问题,我们提出了我们的Point-Mcbert,这是一个带有缓解和精致的监督信号的预训练框架。具体而言,我们简化了对补丁的先前单选择约束,并为每个补丁作为监督提供多项选择令牌ID。此外,我们利用了Transformer学到的高级语义,以进一步完善我们的监督信号。关于点云分类,几乎没有射击分类和部分分割任务的广泛实验证明了我们方法的优势,例如,预训练的变压器在ModelNet40上实现了94.1%的精度,在ScanObjectnn和新的ScanObjectnn和新的Satactnn New State-nate Satactnn NEC中的精度为84.28% - 几次学习的表现。我们还证明,我们的方法不仅可以提高所有下游任务上的点 - 伯特的性能,而且几乎没有额外的计算开销。
translated by 谷歌翻译
本文提出了一种使用视频中心化的变压器在视频中面部聚类的新方法。以前的作品经常采用对比度学习来学习框架级表示,并使用平均池来汇总沿时间维度的特征。这种方法可能无法完全捕获复杂的视频动态。此外,尽管在基于视频的对比学习方面取得了最新进展,但很少有人试图学习一个自我监视的聚类友好的面部表现,从而使视频面部聚集任务受益。为了克服这些局限性,我们的方法采用了变压器直接学习视频级表示,可以更好地反映视频中面部的时间变化属性,而我们还建议一个以视频为中心的自我监督框架来训练变压器模型。我们还调查了以自我为中心视频的面部聚类,这是一个快速出现的领域,尚未在与面部聚类有关的作品中进行研究。为此,我们介绍并发布了第一个名为EasyCom-Clustering的大规模以egipentric视频群集群数据集。我们在广泛使用的大爆炸理论(BBT)数据集和新的easycom群集数据集上评估了我们的建议方法。结果表明,我们以视频为中心的变压器的性能超过了两个基准测试的所有先前最新方法,对面部视频表现出了自我牵强的理解。
translated by 谷歌翻译
公制学习旨在学习一个距离度量,以便在将不同的实例推开时将语义上相似的实例放在一起。许多现有方法考虑在特征空间中最大化或至少限制距离距离的距离,以分离相似和不同的实例对以保证其概括能力。在本文中,我们主张在输入空间中施加对抗边缘,以改善公制学习算法的概括和稳健性。我们首先表明,对抗边缘定义为训练实例与其最接近的对手示例之间的距离,它既考虑了特征空间中的距离差距以及指标和三重限制之间的相关性。接下来,为了增强实例扰动的鲁棒性,我们建议通过最大程度地减少称为扰动损失的新型损失函数来扩大对抗缘。提出的损失可以看作是数据依赖性的正规器,并轻松地插入任何现有的度量学习方法中。最后,我们表明扩大边缘通过使用算法鲁棒性的理论技术对概括能力有益。 16个数据集的实验结果证明了所提出的方法比现有的最新方法具有歧视精度和鲁棒性,以抵抗可能的噪声。
translated by 谷歌翻译
扩张的卷曲广泛用于深度语义分段模型,因为它们可以扩大过滤器的接收领域而不增加额外的权重,也不牺牲空间分辨率。然而,正如扩张的卷积滤波器在语义上有意义的轮廓上没有关于像素的位置知识,它们可能导致对象边界的模糊预测。另外,虽然扩张过滤器可以扩展其接收领域,但是采样像素的总数保持不变,这通常包括一小部分接收领域的总面积。灵感来自人类视觉系统中的横向抑制(LI)机制,我们提出了具有横向抑制(LI-CONVS)的扩张卷积以克服这些限制。介绍锂机制提高了卷积滤波器对语义对象边界的敏感性。此外,由于LI-DIVS也隐含地考虑从横向禁止的区域中的像素考虑,因此它们还可以以密度刻度提取特征。通过将锂致常规集成到Deeplabv3 +架构中,我们提出了横向抑制的不受欢迎的空间金字塔汇集(Li-Aspp),横向抑制的Mobilenet-V2(Li-MnV2)和横向抑制的Reset(Li-Reset)。在三个基准数据集(Pascal VOC 2012,Celebamask-HQ和Ade20k)的实验结果表明,我们的李氏分割模型越来越突出了所有这些的基线,从而验证了拟议的LI-CONN的有效性和一般性。
translated by 谷歌翻译
Benefiting from the intrinsic supervision information exploitation capability, contrastive learning has achieved promising performance in the field of deep graph clustering recently. However, we observe that two drawbacks of the positive and negative sample construction mechanisms limit the performance of existing algorithms from further improvement. 1) The quality of positive samples heavily depends on the carefully designed data augmentations, while inappropriate data augmentations would easily lead to the semantic drift and indiscriminative positive samples. 2) The constructed negative samples are not reliable for ignoring important clustering information. To solve these problems, we propose a Cluster-guided Contrastive deep Graph Clustering network (CCGC) by mining the intrinsic supervision information in the high-confidence clustering results. Specifically, instead of conducting complex node or edge perturbation, we construct two views of the graph by designing special Siamese encoders whose weights are not shared between the sibling sub-networks. Then, guided by the high-confidence clustering information, we carefully select and construct the positive samples from the same high-confidence cluster in two views. Moreover, to construct semantic meaningful negative sample pairs, we regard the centers of different high-confidence clusters as negative samples, thus improving the discriminative capability and reliability of the constructed sample pairs. Lastly, we design an objective function to pull close the samples from the same cluster while pushing away those from other clusters by maximizing and minimizing the cross-view cosine similarity between positive and negative samples. Extensive experimental results on six datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of CCGC compared with the existing state-of-the-art algorithms.
translated by 谷歌翻译
As one of the prevalent methods to achieve automation systems, Imitation Learning (IL) presents a promising performance in a wide range of domains. However, despite the considerable improvement in policy performance, the corresponding research on the explainability of IL models is still limited. Inspired by the recent approaches in explainable artificial intelligence methods, we proposed a model-agnostic explaining framework for IL models called R2RISE. R2RISE aims to explain the overall policy performance with respect to the frames in demonstrations. It iteratively retrains the black-box IL model from the randomized masked demonstrations and uses the conventional evaluation outcome environment returns as the coefficient to build an importance map. We also conducted experiments to investigate three major questions concerning frames' importance equality, the effectiveness of the importance map, and connections between importance maps from different IL models. The result shows that R2RISE successfully distinguishes important frames from the demonstrations.
translated by 谷歌翻译