安全聚合是一个流行的保留联合学习中的流行协议,它允许模型聚合,而不会在清除中显示各个模型。另一方面,传统的安全聚合协议产生了显着的通信开销,这可能成为现实世界带宽限制应用中的主要瓶颈。在解决这一挑战方面,在这项工作中,我们提出了一种用于安全聚合的轻量级渐变稀疏框架,其中服务器从大量用户学习Sparsified本地模型更新的聚合,但不学习各个参数。我们的理论分析表明,所提出的框架可以显着降低安全聚合的通信开销,同时确保可比计算复杂性。我们进一步确定了由于稀疏因疏脂而在隐私和沟通效率之间的权衡。我们的实验表明,我们的框架在与传统安全聚合基准相比时,我们的框架将延长到7.8倍降低了高达7.8倍,同时加速了墙上时钟训练时间1.13x。
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Ranking intuitionistic fuzzy sets with distance based ranking methods requires to calculate the distance between intuitionistic fuzzy set and a reference point which is known to have either maximum (positive ideal solution) or minimum (negative ideal solution) value. These group of approaches assume that as the distance of an intuitionistic fuzzy set to the reference point is decreases, the similarity of intuitionistic fuzzy set with that point increases. This is a misconception because an intuitionistic fuzzy set which has the shortest distance to positive ideal solution does not have to be the furthest from negative ideal solution for all circumstances when the distance function is nonlinear. This paper gives a mathematical proof of why this assumption is not valid for any of the non-linear distance functions and suggests a hypervolume based ranking approach as an alternative to distance based ranking. In addition, the suggested ranking approach is extended as a new multicriteria decision making method, HyperVolume based ASsessment (HVAS). HVAS is applied for multicriteria assessment of Turkey's energy alternatives. Results are compared with three well known distance based multicriteria decision making methods (TOPSIS, VIKOR, and CODAS).
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In this paper, we view a policy or plan as a transition system over a space of information states that reflect a robot's or other observer's perspective based on limited sensing, memory, computation, and actuation. Regardless of whether policies are obtained by learning algorithms, planning algorithms, or human insight, we want to know the limits of feasibility for given robot hardware and tasks. Toward the quest to find the best policies, we establish in a general setting that minimal information transition systems (ITSs) exist up to reasonable equivalence assumptions, and are unique under some general conditions. We then apply the theory to generate new insights into several problems, including optimal sensor fusion/filtering, solving basic planning tasks, and finding minimal representations for feasible policies.
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Recent increases in computing power have enabled the numerical simulation of many complex flow problems that are of practical and strategic interest for naval applications. A noticeable area of advancement is the computation of turbulent, two-phase flows resulting from wave breaking and other multiphase flow processes such as cavitation that can generate underwater sound and entrain bubbles in ship wakes, among other effects. Although advanced flow solvers are sophisticated and are capable of simulating high Reynolds number flows on large numbers of grid points, challenges in data analysis remain. Specifically, there is a critical need to transform highly resolved flow fields described on fine grids at discrete time steps into physically resolved features for which the flow dynamics can be understood and utilized in naval applications. This paper presents our recent efforts in this field. In previous works, we developed a novel algorithm to track bubbles in breaking wave simulations and to interpret their dynamical behavior over time (Gao et al., 2021a). We also discovered a new physical mechanism driving bubble production within breaking wave crests (Gao et al., 2021b) and developed a model to relate bubble behaviors to underwater sound generation (Gao et al., 2021c). In this work, we applied our bubble tracking algorithm to the breaking waves simulations and investigated the bubble trajectories, bubble creation mechanisms, and bubble acoustics based on our previous works.
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Skeleton-based Motion Capture (MoCap) systems have been widely used in the game and film industry for mimicking complex human actions for a long time. MoCap data has also proved its effectiveness in human activity recognition tasks. However, it is a quite challenging task for smaller datasets. The lack of such data for industrial activities further adds to the difficulties. In this work, we have proposed an ensemble-based machine learning methodology that is targeted to work better on MoCap datasets. The experiments have been performed on the MoCap data given in the Bento Packaging Activity Recognition Challenge 2021. Bento is a Japanese word that resembles lunch-box. Upon processing the raw MoCap data at first, we have achieved an astonishing accuracy of 98% on 10-fold Cross-Validation and 82% on Leave-One-Out-Cross-Validation by using the proposed ensemble model.
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现在,越来越多的人依靠在线平台来满足其健康信息需求。因此,确定不一致或矛盾的文本健康信息已成为一项关键的任务。健康建议数据提出了一个独特的挑战,在一个诊断的背景下,在另一个诊断的背景下是准确的信息。例如,患有糖尿病和高血压的人通常会在饮食方面得到矛盾的健康建议。这激发了对可以提供上下文化的,特定于用户的健康建议的技术的需求。朝着情境化建议迈出的关键一步是能够比较健康建议陈述并检测它们是否以及如何冲突的能力。这是健康冲突检测(HCD)的任务。鉴于两个健康建议,HCD的目标是检测和分类冲突的类型。这是一项具有挑战性的任务,因为(i)自动识别和分类冲突需要更深入地了解文本的语义,并且(ii)可用数据的数量非常有限。在这项研究中,我们是第一个在预先训练的语言模型的背景下探索HCD的人。我们发现,Deberta-V3在所有实验中的平均F1得分为0.68。我们还研究了不同冲突类型所带来的挑战,以及合成数据如何改善模型对冲突特定语义的理解。最后,我们强调了收集实际健康冲突的困难,并提出了一种人类的合成数据增强方法来扩展现有的HCD数据集。我们的HCD培训数据集比现有的HCD数据集大2倍以上,并在GitHub上公开可用。
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由于数据不平衡和有限,半监督的医学图像分割方法通常无法为某些特定的尾部类别产生卓越的性能。对这些特定课程的培训不足可能会引入更多的噪音,从而影响整体学习。为了减轻这一缺点并确定表现不佳的课程,我们建议保持一个信心阵列,以记录培训期间的班级表现。提出了这些置信分数的模糊融合,以适应每个样本中的个人置信度指标,而不是传统的合奏方法,其中为所有测试案例分配了一组预定义的固定权重。此外,我们引入了一种强大的班级抽样方法和动态稳定,以获得更好的训练策略。我们提出的方法考虑了所有表现不佳的班级,并具有动态权重,并试图在训练过程中消除大多数噪音。通过对两个心脏MRI数据集进行评估,ACDC和MMWHS,我们提出的方法显示出有效性和概括性,并且优于文献中发现的几种最先进的方法。
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在本文中,我们介绍了基于差异驱动器快照机器人和模拟的用户研究的基于倾斜的控制的实现,目的是将相同的功能带入真正的远程介绍机器人。参与者使用平衡板来控制机器人,并通过头部安装的显示器查看了虚拟环境。使用平衡板作为控制装置的主要动机源于虚拟现实(VR)疾病;即使是您自己的身体与屏幕上看到的动作相匹配的小动作也降低了视力和前庭器官之间的感觉冲突,这是大多数关于VR疾病发作的理论的核心。为了检验平衡委员会作为控制方法的假设比使用操纵杆要少可恶意,我们设计了一个用户研究(n = 32,15名女性),参与者在虚拟环境中驾驶模拟差异驱动器机器人, Nintendo Wii平衡板或操纵杆。但是,我们的预注册的主要假设不得到支持。操纵杆并没有使参与者引起更多的VR疾病,而委员会在统计学上的主观和客观性上都更加难以使用。分析开放式问题表明这些结果可能是有联系的,这意味着使用的困难似乎会影响疾病。即使在测试之前的无限训练时间也没有像熟悉的操纵杆那样容易使用。因此,使董事会更易于使用是启用其潜力的关键。我们为这个目标提供了一些可能性。
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为了在医学成像研究中保持标准,图像应具有必要的图像质量,以进行潜在的诊断使用。尽管基于CNN的方法用于评估图像质量,但仍可以从准确性方面提高其性能。在这项工作中,我们通过使用SWIN Transformer来解决此问题,这改善了导致医疗图像质量降解的质量质量差分类性能。我们在胸部X射线(Object-CXR)和心脏MRI上的左心室流出路分类问题(LVOT)上测试了胸部X射线(Object-CXR)和左心室流出路分类问题的方法。虽然我们在Object-CXR和LVOT数据集中获得了87.1%和95.48%的分类精度,但我们的实验结果表明,SWIN Transformer的使用可以改善对象CXR分类性能,同时获得LVOT数据集的可比性能。据我们所知,我们的研究是医学图像质量评估的第一个Vision Transformer应用程序。
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由于钻孔对准的困难以及任务的固有不稳定性,在手动完成时,在弯曲的表面上钻一个孔很容易失败,可能会对工人造成伤害和疲劳。另一方面,在实际制造环境中充分自动化此类任务可能是不切实际的,因为到达装配线的零件可以具有各种复杂形状,在这些零件上不容易访问钻头位置,从而使自动化路径计划变得困难。在这项工作中,开发并部署了一个具有6个自由度的自适应入学控制器,并部署在Kuka LBR IIWA 7配件上,使操作员能够用一只手舒适地在机器人上安装在机器人上的钻头,并在弯曲的表面上开放孔,并在弯曲的表面上开放孔。通过AR界面提供的玉米饼和视觉指导的触觉指导。接收阻尼的实时适应性在自由空间中驱动机器人时,可以在确保钻孔过程中稳定时提供更高的透明度。用户将钻头足够靠近钻头目标并大致与所需的钻探角度对齐后,触觉指导模块首先对对齐进行微调,然后将用户运动仅限于钻孔轴,然后操作员仅将钻头推动钻头以最小的努力进入工件。进行了两组实验,以定量地研究触觉指导模块的潜在好处(实验I),以及根据参与者的主观意见(实验II),提出的用于实际制造环境的PHRI系统的实际价值。
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