在线经济学的发展引起了在产品衣服上发电模型的图像的需求，展示新衣服并促进销售。然而，昂贵的专有模型图像在这种情况下挑战现有的图像虚拟试验方法，因为大多数需要在相当多的模型图像上伴随着配对的衣服图像。在本文中，我们提出了一种廉价但可扩展的弱监管方法，称为深生成点投影（DGP）来解决此特定方案。躺在所提出的方法的核心中是模仿人类预测磨损效果的过程，这是一种基于生活经验的无人汶过高的想象，而不是从监督中学到的计算规则。在这里，使用佩带的样式甘捕获佩戴的实际经验。实验表明，将衣服和身体的粗略对准突出到样式卡空间上可以产生照片逼真的佩戴结果。实际上专有模型图像的实验证明了DGP在产生衣服模型图像时的最先进的监督方法的优越性。

基于图像的虚拟试验是以人为中心的现实潜力，是以人为中心的图像生成的最有希望的应用之一。在这项工作中，我们迈出了一步，探索多功能的虚拟尝试解决方案，我们认为这应该具有三个主要属性，即，它们应支持无监督的培训，任意服装类别和可控的服装编辑。为此，我们提出了一个特征性的端到端网络，即用空间自适应的斑点适应性GAN ++（Pasta-gan ++），以实现用于高分辨率不合规的虚拟试验的多功能系统。具体而言，我们的意大利面++由一个创新的贴布贴片的拆卸模块组成，可以将完整的服装切换为归一化贴剂，该贴片能够保留服装样式信息，同时消除服装空间信息，从而减轻在未受监督训练期间过度适应的问题。此外，面食++引入了基于贴片的服装表示和一个贴片引导的解析合成块，使其可以处理任意服装类别并支持本地服装编辑。最后，为了获得具有逼真的纹理细节的尝试结果，面食gan ++结合了一种新型的空间自适应残留模块，以将粗翘曲的服装功能注入发电机。对我们新收集的未配对的虚拟试验（UPT）数据集进行了广泛的实验，证明了面食gan ++比现有SOTA的优越性及其可控服装编辑的能力。

基于图像的虚拟试图是由于其巨大的真实潜力，以人为本的图像生成最有希望的应用之一。然而，由于大多数预先接近店内服装到目标人物，他们需要对成对的训练数据集进行费力和限制性的结构，严重限制了它们的可扩展性。虽然最近的一些作品试图直接从一个人转移服装，但减轻了收集配对数据集的需要，它们的表现受缺乏配对（监督）信息影响。特别地，衣服的解开样式和空间信息成为一个挑战，通过需要辅助数据或广泛的在线优化程序来解决任何方法，从而仍抑制其可扩展性。实现A \ EMPH {可扩展}虚拟试样系统，可以以无监督的方式在源和目标人物之间传输任意服装，因此我们提出了一种纹理保留的端到端网络，该包装空间 - 适应甘（意大利面），促进了现实世界的未配对虚拟试验。具体而言，要解开每位服装的风格和空间信息，意大利面甘包括一个创新的补丁路由解剖模块，用于成功挡住衣服纹理和形状特性。由源人关键点引导，修补程序路由的解剖学模块首先将衣服脱发到标准化的贴片中，从而消除了衣服的固有空间信息，然后将归一化贴片重建到符合目标人员姿势的翘曲衣服。鉴于翘曲的衣服，Pasta-GaN进一步推出了一种新型空间适应性的残余块，指导发电机合成更现实的服装细节。

Our goal with this survey is to provide an overview of the state of the art deep learning technologies for face generation and editing. We will cover popular latest architectures and discuss key ideas that make them work, such as inversion, latent representation, loss functions, training procedures, editing methods, and cross domain style transfer. We particularly focus on GAN-based architectures that have culminated in the StyleGAN approaches, which allow generation of high-quality face images and offer rich interfaces for controllable semantics editing and preserving photo quality. We aim to provide an entry point into the field for readers that have basic knowledge about the field of deep learning and are looking for an accessible introduction and overview.

Recent work has shown that a variety of semantics emerge in the latent space of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) when being trained to synthesize images. However, it is difficult to use these learned semantics for real image editing. A common practice of feeding a real image to a trained GAN generator is to invert it back to a latent code. However, existing inversion methods typically focus on reconstructing the target image by pixel values yet fail to land the inverted code in the semantic domain of the original latent space. As a result, the reconstructed image cannot well support semantic editing through varying the inverted code. To solve this problem, we propose an in-domain GAN inversion approach, which not only faithfully reconstructs the input image but also ensures the inverted code to be semantically meaningful for editing. We first learn a novel domain-guided encoder to project a given image to the native latent space of GANs. We then propose domain-regularized optimization by involving the encoder as a regularizer to fine-tune the code produced by the encoder and better recover the target image. Extensive experiments suggest that our inversion method achieves satisfying real image reconstruction and more importantly facilitates various image editing tasks, significantly outperforming start-of-the-arts. 1

最近已经示出了从2D图像中提取隐式3D表示的生成神经辐射场（GNERF）模型，以产生代表刚性物体的现实图像，例如人面或汽车。然而，他们通常难以产生代表非刚性物体的高质量图像，例如人体，这对许多计算机图形应用具有很大的兴趣。本文提出了一种用于人类图像综合的3D感知语义导向生成模型（3D-SAGGA），其集成了GNERF和纹理发生器。前者学习人体的隐式3D表示，并输出一组2D语义分段掩模。后者将这些语义面部掩模转化为真实的图像，为人类的外观添加了逼真的纹理。如果不需要额外的3D信息，我们的模型可以使用照片现实可控生成学习3D人类表示。我们在Deepfashion DataSet上的实验表明，3D-SAGGAN显着优于最近的基线。

反转生成对抗网络（GAN）可以使用预训练的发电机来促进广泛的图像编辑任务。现有方法通常采用gan的潜在空间作为反转空间，但观察到空间细节的恢复不足。在这项工作中，我们建议涉及发电机的填充空间，以通过空间信息补充潜在空间。具体来说，我们替换具有某些实例感知系数的卷积层中使用的恒定填充（例如，通常为零）。通过这种方式，可以适当地适当地适应了预训练模型中假定的归纳偏差以适合每个单独的图像。通过学习精心设计的编码器，我们设法在定性和定量上提高了反演质量，超过了现有的替代方案。然后，我们证明了这样的空间扩展几乎不会影响天然甘纳的歧管，因此我们仍然可以重复使用甘斯（Gans）对各种下游应用学到的先验知识。除了在先前的艺术中探讨的编辑任务外，我们的方法还可以进行更灵活的图像操纵，例如对面部轮廓和面部细节的单独控制，并启用一种新颖的编辑方式，用户可以高效地自定义自己的操作。

StyleGAN has achieved great progress in 2D face reconstruction and semantic editing via image inversion and latent editing. While studies over extending 2D StyleGAN to 3D faces have emerged, a corresponding generic 3D GAN inversion framework is still missing, limiting the applications of 3D face reconstruction and semantic editing. In this paper, we study the challenging problem of 3D GAN inversion where a latent code is predicted given a single face image to faithfully recover its 3D shapes and detailed textures. The problem is ill-posed: innumerable compositions of shape and texture could be rendered to the current image. Furthermore, with the limited capacity of a global latent code, 2D inversion methods cannot preserve faithful shape and texture at the same time when applied to 3D models. To solve this problem, we devise an effective self-training scheme to constrain the learning of inversion. The learning is done efficiently without any real-world 2D-3D training pairs but proxy samples generated from a 3D GAN. In addition, apart from a global latent code that captures the coarse shape and texture information, we augment the generation network with a local branch, where pixel-aligned features are added to faithfully reconstruct face details. We further consider a new pipeline to perform 3D view-consistent editing. Extensive experiments show that our method outperforms state-of-the-art inversion methods in both shape and texture reconstruction quality. Code and data will be released.

Image Virtual try-on aims at replacing the cloth on a personal image with a garment image (in-shop clothes), which has attracted increasing attention from the multimedia and computer vision communities. Prior methods successfully preserve the character of clothing images, however, occlusion remains a pernicious effect for realistic virtual try-on. In this work, we first present a comprehensive analysis of the occlusions and categorize them into two aspects: i) Inherent-Occlusion: the ghost of the former cloth still exists in the try-on image; ii) Acquired-Occlusion: the target cloth warps to the unreasonable body part. Based on the in-depth analysis, we find that the occlusions can be simulated by a novel semantically-guided mixup module, which can generate semantic-specific occluded images that work together with the try-on images to facilitate training a de-occlusion try-on (DOC-VTON) framework. Specifically, DOC-VTON first conducts a sharpened semantic parsing on the try-on person. Aided by semantics guidance and pose prior, various complexities of texture are selectively blending with human parts in a copy-and-paste manner. Then, the Generative Module (GM) is utilized to take charge of synthesizing the final try-on image and learning to de-occlusion jointly. In comparison to the state-of-the-art methods, DOC-VTON achieves better perceptual quality by reducing occlusion effects.

We present a novel image inversion framework and a training pipeline to achieve high-fidelity image inversion with high-quality attribute editing. Inverting real images into StyleGAN's latent space is an extensively studied problem, yet the trade-off between the image reconstruction fidelity and image editing quality remains an open challenge. The low-rate latent spaces are limited in their expressiveness power for high-fidelity reconstruction. On the other hand, high-rate latent spaces result in degradation in editing quality. In this work, to achieve high-fidelity inversion, we learn residual features in higher latent codes that lower latent codes were not able to encode. This enables preserving image details in reconstruction. To achieve high-quality editing, we learn how to transform the residual features for adapting to manipulations in latent codes. We train the framework to extract residual features and transform them via a novel architecture pipeline and cycle consistency losses. We run extensive experiments and compare our method with state-of-the-art inversion methods. Qualitative metrics and visual comparisons show significant improvements. Code: https://github.com/hamzapehlivan/StyleRes

Image and video synthesis has become a blooming topic in computer vision and machine learning communities along with the developments of deep generative models, due to its great academic and application value. Many researchers have been devoted to synthesizing high-fidelity human images as one of the most commonly seen object categories in daily lives, where a large number of studies are performed based on various deep generative models, task settings and applications. Thus, it is necessary to give a comprehensive overview on these variant methods on human image generation. In this paper, we divide human image generation techniques into three paradigms, i.e., data-driven methods, knowledge-guided methods and hybrid methods. For each route, the most representative models and the corresponding variants are presented, where the advantages and characteristics of different methods are summarized in terms of model architectures and input/output requirements. Besides, the main public human image datasets and evaluation metrics in the literature are also summarized. Furthermore, due to the wide application potentials, two typical downstream usages of synthesized human images are covered, i.e., data augmentation for person recognition tasks and virtual try-on for fashion customers. Finally, we discuss the challenges and potential directions of human image generation to shed light on future research.

与传统的头像创建管道相反，这是一个昂贵的过程，现代生成方法直接从照片中学习数据分布，而艺术的状态现在可以产生高度的照片现实图像。尽管大量作品试图扩展无条件的生成模型并达到一定程度的可控性，但要确保多视图一致性，尤其是在大型姿势中，仍然具有挑战性。在这项工作中，我们提出了一个3D肖像生成网络，该网络可产生3D一致的肖像，同时根据有关姿势，身份，表达和照明的语义参数可控。生成网络使用神经场景表示在3D中建模肖像，其生成以支持明确控制的参数面模型为指导。尽管可以通过将图像与部分不同的属性进行对比，但可以进一步增强潜在的分离，但在非面积区域（例如，在动画表达式）时，仍然存在明显的不一致。我们通过提出一种体积混合策略来解决此问题，在该策略中，我们通过将动态和静态辐射场融合在一起，形成一个复合输出，并从共同学习的语义场中分割了两个部分。我们的方法在广泛的实验中优于先前的艺术，在自由视点中观看时，在自然照明中产生了逼真的肖像。所提出的方法还证明了真实图像以及室外卡通面孔的概括能力，在实际应用中显示出巨大的希望。其他视频结果和代码将在项目网页上提供。

基于图像的虚拟试验努力将服装的外观转移到目标人的图像上。先前的工作主要集中在上身衣服（例如T恤，衬衫和上衣）上，并忽略了全身或低身物品。这种缺点来自一个主要因素：用于基于图像的虚拟试验的当前公开可用数据集并不解释此品种，从而限制了该领域的进度。为了解决这种缺陷，我们介绍着着装代码，其中包含多类服装的图像。着装代码比基于图像的虚拟试验的公共可用数据集大于3倍以上，并且具有前视图，全身参考模型的高分辨率配对图像（1024x768）。为了生成具有高视觉质量且细节丰富的高清尝试图像，我们建议学习细粒度的区分功能。具体而言，我们利用一种语义意识歧视器，该歧视器在像素级而不是图像级或贴片级上进行预测。广泛的实验评估表明，所提出的方法在视觉质量和定量结果方面超过了基线和最先进的竞争者。着装码数据集可在https://github.com/aimagelab/dress-code上公开获得。

在时尚电子商务的快速增长中，时尚文章的远程安装仍然是一个复杂而充满挑战的问题，并且是客户沮丧的主要驱动力。尽管最近在3D虚拟尝试解决方案方面取得了进步，但这种方法仍然限制在非常狭窄的文章（即使是少数文章）中，而且通常只有一种时尚物品。旨在支持客户的其他最先进的方法在网上找到适合他们的方法，主要需要高水平的客户参与度和对隐私敏感的数据（例如身高，体重，年龄，性别，腹部形状等），或者，或者需要穿着紧身衣服的顾客尸体的图像。他们通常还缺乏在大规模上产生合适和塑造视觉指导的能力，仅通过建议订购哪种尺寸，最能与客户的身体属性相匹配，而无需提供有关服装如何合适和外观的任何信息。为了实现飞跃并超越了当前方法的局限性，我们提出了Fitgan，这是一种生成的对抗模型，明确说明了服装的纠缠尺寸和在线时尚的适合特征。以文章的拟合和形状为条件，我们的模型学习了分离的项目表示形式，并生成了逼真的图像，反映了时尚文章的真实拟合和形状。通过大规模的现实世界数据实验，我们演示了我们的方法如何能够合成视觉上现实和各种时尚项目的拟合，并探索其控制数千种在线服装图像的拟合度和形状的能力。

由于GaN潜在空间的勘探和利用，近年来，现实世界的图像操纵实现了奇妙的进展。 GaN反演是该管道的第一步，旨在忠实地将真实图像映射到潜在代码。不幸的是，大多数现有的GaN反演方法都无法满足下面列出的三个要求中的至少一个：重建质量，可编辑性和快速推断。我们在本研究中提出了一种新的两阶段策略，同时适合所有要求。在第一阶段，我们训练编码器将输入图像映射到StyleGan2 $ \ Mathcal {W} $ - 空间，这被证明具有出色的可编辑性，但重建质量较低。在第二阶段，我们通过利用一系列HyperNetWorks来补充初始阶段的重建能力以在反转期间恢复缺失的信息。这两个步骤互相补充，由于Hypernetwork分支和由于$ \ Mathcal {W} $ - 空间中的反转，因此由于HyperNetwork分支和优异的可编辑性而相互作用。我们的方法完全是基于编码器的，导致极快的推断。关于两个具有挑战性的数据集的广泛实验证明了我们方法的优越性。

In this work, we are dedicated to text-guided image generation and propose a novel framework, i.e., CLIP2GAN, by leveraging CLIP model and StyleGAN. The key idea of our CLIP2GAN is to bridge the output feature embedding space of CLIP and the input latent space of StyleGAN, which is realized by introducing a mapping network. In the training stage, we encode an image with CLIP and map the output feature to a latent code, which is further used to reconstruct the image. In this way, the mapping network is optimized in a self-supervised learning way. In the inference stage, since CLIP can embed both image and text into a shared feature embedding space, we replace CLIP image encoder in the training architecture with CLIP text encoder, while keeping the following mapping network as well as StyleGAN model. As a result, we can flexibly input a text description to generate an image. Moreover, by simply adding mapped text features of an attribute to a mapped CLIP image feature, we can effectively edit the attribute to the image. Extensive experiments demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed CLIP2GAN compared to previous methods.

由于简单但有效的训练机制和出色的图像产生质量，生成的对抗网络（GAN）引起了极大的关注。具有生成照片现实的高分辨率（例如$ 1024 \ times1024 $）的能力，最近的GAN模型已大大缩小了生成的图像与真实图像之间的差距。因此，许多最近的作品表明，通过利用良好的潜在空间和博学的gan先验来利用预先训练的GAN模型的新兴兴趣。在本文中，我们简要回顾了从三个方面利用预先培训的大规模GAN模型的最新进展，即1）大规模生成对抗网络的培训，2）探索和理解预训练的GAN模型，以及预先培训的GAN模型，以及3）利用这些模型进行后续任务，例如图像恢复和编辑。有关相关方法和存储库的更多信息，请访问https://github.com/csmliu/pretretaining-gans。

In this work, we propose TediGAN, a novel framework for multi-modal image generation and manipulation with textual descriptions. The proposed method consists of three components: StyleGAN inversion module, visual-linguistic similarity learning, and instance-level optimization. The inversion module maps real images to the latent space of a well-trained StyleGAN. The visual-linguistic similarity learns the text-image matching by mapping the image and text into a common embedding space. The instancelevel optimization is for identity preservation in manipulation. Our model can produce diverse and high-quality images with an unprecedented resolution at 1024 2 . Using a control mechanism based on style-mixing, our Tedi-GAN inherently supports image synthesis with multi-modal inputs, such as sketches or semantic labels, with or without instance guidance. To facilitate text-guided multimodal synthesis, we propose the Multi-Modal CelebA-HQ, a large-scale dataset consisting of real face images and corresponding semantic segmentation map, sketch, and textual descriptions. Extensive experiments on the introduced dataset demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed method. Code and data are available at https://github.com/weihaox/TediGAN.

最近，大型预磨损模型（例如，BERT，STYLEGAN，CLIP）在其域内的各种下游任务中表现出很好的知识转移和泛化能力。在这些努力的启发中，在本文中，我们提出了一个统一模型，用于开放域图像编辑，重点是开放式域图像的颜色和音调调整，同时保持原始内容和结构。我们的模型了解许多现有照片编辑软件中使用的操作空间（例如，对比度，亮度，颜色曲线）更具语义，直观，易于操作的统一编辑空间。我们的模型属于图像到图像转换框架，由图像编码器和解码器组成，并且在图像之前和图像的成对上培训以产生多模式输出。我们认为，通过将图像对反馈到学习编辑空间的潜在代码中，我们的模型可以利用各种下游编辑任务，例如语言引导图像编辑，个性化编辑，编辑式聚类，检索等。我们广泛地研究实验中编辑空间的独特属性，并在上述任务上展示了卓越的性能。

最近，由于高质量的发电和解除戒开的潜在空间，Stylegan已经启用了各种图像操纵和编辑任务。但是，通常需要额外的架构或特定于特定的培训范式来实现不同的任务。在这项工作中，我们深入了解样式甘蓝的空间属性。我们展示使用普雷雷达的样式总是以及一些操作，没有任何额外的架构，我们可以相当于各种任务的最先进的方法执行，包括图像混合，全景生成，从单个图像，可控的生成本地多模式图像到图像转换和属性传输。所提出的方法简单，有效，有效，适用于任何现有的预制样式模型。