Labels to Facade BW to Color Aerial to Map Labels to Street Scene Edges to Photo input output input input input input output output output output input output Day to Night Figure 1: Many problems in image processing, graphics, and vision involve translating an input image into a corresponding output image.These problems are often treated with application-specific algorithms, even though the setting is always the same: map pixels to pixels. Conditional adversarial nets are a general-purpose solution that appears to work well on a wide variety of these problems. Here we show results of the method on several. In each case we use the same architecture and objective, and simply train on different data.
translated by 谷歌翻译
Domain adaptation is critical for success in new, unseen environments. Adversarial adaptation models applied in feature spaces discover domain invariant representations, but are difficult to visualize and sometimes fail to capture pixel-level and low-level domain shifts. Recent work has shown that generative adversarial networks combined with cycle-consistency constraints are surprisingly effective at mapping images between domains, even without the use of aligned image pairs. We propose a novel discriminatively-trained Cycle-Consistent Adversarial Domain Adaptation model. CyCADA adapts representations at both the pixel-level and feature-level, enforces cycle-consistency while leveraging a task loss, and does not require aligned pairs. Our model can be applied in a variety of visual recognition and prediction settings. We show new state-of-the-art results across multiple adaptation tasks, including digit classification and semantic segmentation of road scenes demonstrating transfer from synthetic to real world domains.
translated by 谷歌翻译
生成的对抗网络(GANS)最近引入了执行图像到图像翻译的有效方法。这些模型可以应用于图像到图像到图像转换中的各种域而不改变任何参数。在本文中,我们调查并分析了八个图像到图像生成的对策网络:PIX2PX,Cyclegan,Cogan,Stargan,Munit,Stargan2,Da-Gan,以及自我关注GaN。这些模型中的每一个都呈现了最先进的结果,并引入了构建图像到图像的新技术。除了对模型的调查外,我们还调查了他们接受培训的18个数据集,并在其上进行了评估的9个指标。最后,我们在常见的一组指标和数据集中呈现6种这些模型的受控实验的结果。结果混合并显示,在某些数据集,任务和指标上,某些型号优于其他型号。本文的最后一部分讨论了这些结果并建立了未来研究领域。由于研究人员继续创新新的图像到图像GAN,因此他们非常重要地了解现有方法,数据集和指标。本文提供了全面的概述和讨论,以帮助构建此基础。
translated by 谷歌翻译
In image-to-image translation, each patch in the output should reflect the content of the corresponding patch in the input, independent of domain. We propose a straightforward method for doing so -maximizing mutual information between the two, using a framework based on contrastive learning. The method encourages two elements (corresponding patches) to map to a similar point in a learned feature space, relative to other elements (other patches) in the dataset, referred to as negatives. We explore several critical design choices for making contrastive learning effective in the image synthesis setting. Notably, we use a multilayer, patch-based approach, rather than operate on entire images. Furthermore, we draw negatives from within the input image itself, rather than from the rest of the dataset. We demonstrate that our framework enables one-sided translation in the unpaired image-to-image translation setting, while improving quality and reducing training time. In addition, our method can even be extended to the training setting where each "domain" is only a single image.
translated by 谷歌翻译
Our result (c) Application: Edit object appearance (b) Application: Change label types (a) Synthesized resultFigure 1: We propose a generative adversarial framework for synthesizing 2048 × 1024 images from semantic label maps (lower left corner in (a)). Compared to previous work [5], our results express more natural textures and details. (b) We can change labels in the original label map to create new scenes, like replacing trees with buildings. (c) Our framework also allows a user to edit the appearance of individual objects in the scene, e.g. changing the color of a car or the texture of a road. Please visit our website for more side-by-side comparisons as well as interactive editing demos.
translated by 谷歌翻译
图像到图像翻译在启用合成数据的计算机视觉方面发挥了重要作用。但是,如果源和目标域具有较大的语义不匹配,那么现有的技术通常会遭受源内容损坏,也就是语义翻转。为了解决这个问题,我们提出了一个新的范式,用于使用矢量符号体系结构(VSA),这是一个理论框架,该框架定义了在高维矢量(HyphyMytector)空间中定义代数操作的理论框架。我们通过学习逆转翻译以确保与源内容的一致性来介绍对源到目标翻译的对抗学习的基于VSA的约束。我们在定性和定量上表明我们的方法比其他最先进的技术有所改进。
translated by 谷歌翻译
Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) for cross-domain image-to-image translation have made much progress recently [7,8,21,12,4,18]. Depending on the task complexity, thousands to millions of labeled image pairs are needed to train a conditional GAN. However, human labeling is expensive, even impractical, and large quantities of data may not always be available. Inspired by dual learning from natural language translation [23], we develop a novel dual-GAN mechanism, which enables image translators to be trained from two sets of unlabeled images from two domains. In our architecture, the primal GAN learns to translate images from domain U to those in domain V , while the dual GAN learns to invert the task. The closed loop made by the primal and dual tasks allows images from either domain to be translated and then reconstructed. Hence a loss function that accounts for the reconstruction error of images can be used to train the translators. Experiments on multiple image translation tasks with unlabeled data show considerable performance gain of Du-alGAN over a single GAN. For some tasks, DualGAN can even achieve comparable or slightly better results than conditional GAN trained on fully labeled data.
translated by 谷歌翻译
生成的对抗网络(GANS)已经促进了解决图像到图像转换问题的新方向。不同的GANS在目标函数中使用具有不同损耗的发电机和鉴别器网络。仍然存在差距来填补所生成的图像的质量并靠近地面真理图像。在这项工作中,我们介绍了一个名为循环辨别生成的对抗网络(CDGAN)的新的图像到图像转换网络,填补了上述空白。除了加速本的原始架构之外,所提出的CDGAN通过结合循环图像的附加鉴别器网络来产生高质量和更现实的图像。所提出的CDGAN在三个图像到图像转换数据集上进行测试。分析了定量和定性结果,并与最先进的方法进行了比较。在三个基线图像到图像转换数据集中,所提出的CDGAN方法优于最先进的方法。该代码可在https://github.com/kishankancharagunta/cdgan获得。
translated by 谷歌翻译
Unsupervised image-to-image translation is an important and challenging problem in computer vision. Given an image in the source domain, the goal is to learn the conditional distribution of corresponding images in the target domain, without seeing any examples of corresponding image pairs. While this conditional distribution is inherently multimodal, existing approaches make an overly simplified assumption, modeling it as a deterministic one-to-one mapping. As a result, they fail to generate diverse outputs from a given source domain image. To address this limitation, we propose a Multimodal Unsupervised Image-to-image Translation (MUNIT) framework. We assume that the image representation can be decomposed into a content code that is domain-invariant, and a style code that captures domain-specific properties. To translate an image to another domain, we recombine its content code with a random style code sampled from the style space of the target domain. We analyze the proposed framework and establish several theoretical results. Extensive experiments with comparisons to state-of-the-art approaches further demonstrate the advantage of the proposed framework. Moreover, our framework allows users to control the style of translation outputs by providing an example style image. Code and pretrained models are available at https://github.com/nvlabs/MUNIT.
translated by 谷歌翻译
使用合成数据来训练在现实世界数据上实现良好性能的神经网络是一项重要任务,因为它可以减少对昂贵数据注释的需求。然而,合成和现实世界数据具有域间隙。近年来,已经广泛研究了这种差距,也称为域的适应性。通过直接执行两者之间的适应性来缩小源(合成)和目标数据之间的域间隙是具有挑战性的。在这项工作中,我们提出了一个新颖的两阶段框架,用于改进图像数据上的域适应技术。在第一阶段,我们逐步训练一个多尺度神经网络,以从源域到目标域进行图像翻译。我们将新的转换数据表示为“目标中的源”(SIT)。然后,我们将生成的SIT数据插入任何标准UDA方法的输入。该新数据从所需的目标域缩小了域间隙,这有助于应用UDA进一步缩小差距的方法。我们通过与其他领先的UDA和图像对图像翻译技术进行比较来强调方法的有效性,当时用作SIT发电机。此外,我们通过三种用于语义分割的最先进的UDA方法(HRDA,daformer and proda)在两个UDA任务上,GTA5到CityScapes和Synthia to CityScapes来证明我们的框架的改进。
translated by 谷歌翻译
Many image-to-image translation problems are ambiguous, as a single input image may correspond to multiple possible outputs. In this work, we aim to model a distribution of possible outputs in a conditional generative modeling setting. The ambiguity of the mapping is distilled in a low-dimensional latent vector, which can be randomly sampled at test time. A generator learns to map the given input, combined with this latent code, to the output. We explicitly encourage the connection between output and the latent code to be invertible. This helps prevent a many-to-one mapping from the latent code to the output during training, also known as the problem of mode collapse, and produces more diverse results. We explore several variants of this approach by employing different training objectives, network architectures, and methods of injecting the latent code. Our proposed method encourages bijective consistency between the latent encoding and output modes. We present a systematic comparison of our method and other variants on both perceptual realism and diversity.
translated by 谷歌翻译
交换自动编码器在深层图像操纵和图像到图像翻译中实现了最先进的性能。我们通过基于梯度逆转层引入简单而有效的辅助模块来改善这项工作。辅助模块的损失迫使发电机学会使用全零纹理代码重建图像,从而鼓励结构和纹理信息之间更好地分解。提出的基于属性的转移方法可以在样式传输中进行精致的控制,同时在不使用语义掩码的情况下保留结构信息。为了操纵图像,我们将对象的几何形状和输入图像的一般样式编码为两个潜在代码,并具有实施结构一致性的附加约束。此外,由于辅助损失,训练时间大大减少。提出的模型的优越性在复杂的域中得到了证明,例如已知最先进的卫星图像。最后,我们表明我们的模型改善了广泛的数据集的质量指标,同时通过多模式图像生成技术实现了可比的结果。
translated by 谷歌翻译
尽管具有生成对抗网络(GAN)的图像到图像(I2I)翻译的显着进步,但使用单对生成器和歧视器将图像有效地转换为多个目标域中的一组不同图像仍然具有挑战性。现有的I2i翻译方法采用多个针对不同域的特定于域的内容编码,其中每个特定于域的内容编码器仅经过来自同一域的图像的训练。然而,我们认为应从所有域之间的图像中学到内容(域变相)特征。因此,现有方案的每个特定于域的内容编码器都无法有效提取域不变特征。为了解决这个问题,我们提出了一个灵活而通用的Sologan模型,用于在多个域之间具有未配对数据的多模式I2I翻译。与现有方法相反,Solgan算法使用具有附加辅助分类器的单个投影鉴别器,并为所有域共享编码器和生成器。因此,可以使用来自所有域的图像有效地训练Solgan,从而可以有效提取域 - 不变性内容表示。在多个数据集中,针对多个同行和sologan的变体的定性和定量结果证明了该方法的优点,尤其是对于挑战i2i翻译数据集的挑战,即涉及极端形状变化的数据集或在翻译后保持复杂的背景,需要保持复杂的背景。此外,我们通过消融研究证明了Sogan中每个成分的贡献。
translated by 谷歌翻译
培训监督图像综合模型需要批评评论权来比较两个图像:结果的原始真相。然而,这种基本功能仍然是一个公开问题。流行的方法使用L1(平均绝对误差)丢失,或者在预先预留的深网络的像素或特征空间中。然而,我们观察到这些损失倾向于产生过度模糊和灰色的图像,以及其他技术,如GAN需要用于对抗这些伪影。在这项工作中,我们介绍了一种基于信息理论的方法来测量两个图像之间的相似性。我们认为,良好的重建应该具有较高的相互信息与地面真相。这种观点使得能够以对比的方式学习轻量级批评者以“校准”特征空间,使得相应的空间贴片的重建被置于擦除其他贴片。我们表明,当用作L1损耗的替代时,我们的配方立即提升输出图像的感知现实主义,有或没有额外的GaN丢失。
translated by 谷歌翻译
图像转换是一类视觉和图形问题,其目标是学习输入图像和输出图像之间的映射,在深神网络的背景下迅速发展。在计算机视觉(CV)中,许多问题可以被视为图像转换任务,例如语义分割和样式转移。这些作品具有不同的主题和动机,使图像转换任务蓬勃发展。一些调查仅回顾有关样式转移或图像到图像翻译的研究,所有这些都只是图像转换的一个分支。但是,没有一项调查总结这些调查在我们最佳知识的统一框架中共同起作用。本文提出了一个新颖的学习框架,包括独立学习,指导学习和合作学习,称为IGC学习框架。我们讨论的图像转换主要涉及有关深神经网络的一般图像到图像翻译和样式转移。从这个框架的角度来看,我们回顾了这些子任务,并对各种情况进行统一的解释。我们根据相似的开发趋势对图像转换的相关子任务进行分类。此外,已经进行了实验以验证IGC学习的有效性。最后,讨论了新的研究方向和开放问题,以供将来的研究。
translated by 谷歌翻译
建筑摄影是一种摄影类型,重点是捕获前景中带有戏剧性照明的建筑物或结构。受图像到图像翻译方法的成功启发,我们旨在为建筑照片执行风格转移。但是,建筑摄影中的特殊构图对这类照片中的样式转移构成了巨大挑战。现有的神经风格转移方法将建筑图像视为单个实体,它将产生与原始建筑的几何特征,产生不切实际的照明,错误的颜色演绎以及可视化伪影,例如幽灵,外观失真或颜色不匹配。在本文中,我们专门针对建筑摄影的神经风格转移方法。我们的方法解决了两个分支神经网络中建筑照片中前景和背景的组成,该神经网络分别考虑了前景和背景的样式转移。我们的方法包括一个分割模块,基于学习的图像到图像翻译模块和图像混合优化模块。我们使用了一天中不同的魔术时代捕获的不受限制的户外建筑照片的新数据集培训了图像到图像的翻译神经网络,利用其他语义信息,以更好地匹配和几何形状保存。我们的实验表明,我们的方法可以在前景和背景上产生逼真的照明和颜色演绎,并且在定量和定性上都优于一般图像到图像转换和任意样式转移基线。我们的代码和数据可在https://github.com/hkust-vgd/architectural_style_transfer上获得。
translated by 谷歌翻译
Figure 1. Multi-domain image-to-image translation results on the CelebA dataset via transferring knowledge learned from the RaFD dataset. The first and sixth columns show input images while the remaining columns are images generated by StarGAN. Note that the images are generated by a single generator network, and facial expression labels such as angry, happy, and fearful are from RaFD, not CelebA.
translated by 谷歌翻译
在偏置数据集上培训的分类模型通常在分发外部的外部样本上表现不佳,因为偏置的表示嵌入到模型中。最近,已经提出了各种脱叠方法来解除偏见的表示,但仅丢弃偏见的特征是具有挑战性的,而不会改变其他相关信息。在本文中,我们提出了一种新的扩展方法,该方法使用不同标记图像的纹理表示明确地生成附加图像来放大训练数据集,并在训练分类器时减轻偏差效果。每个新的生成图像包含来自源图像的类似内容信息,同时从具有不同标签的目标图像传送纹理。我们的模型包括纹理共发生损耗,该损耗确定生成的图像的纹理是否与目标的纹理类似,以及确定所生成和源图像之间的内容细节是否保留的内容细节的空间自相似性丢失。生成和原始训练图像都进一步用于训练能够改善抗偏置表示的鲁棒性的分类器。我们使用具有已知偏差的五个不同的人工设计数据集来展示我们的方法缓解偏差信息的能力。对于所有情况,我们的方法表现优于现有的现有最先进的方法。代码可用:https://github.com/myeongkyunkang/i2i4debias
translated by 谷歌翻译