Dyadic and small group collaboration is an evolutionary advantageous behaviour and the need for such collaboration is a regular occurrence in day to day life. In this paper we estimate the perceived personality traits of individuals in dyadic and small groups over thin-slices of interaction on four multimodal datasets. We find that our transformer based predictive model performs similarly to human annotators tasked with predicting the perceived big-five personality traits of participants. Using this model we analyse the estimated perceived personality traits of individuals performing tasks in small groups and dyads. Permutation analysis shows that in the case of small groups undergoing collaborative tasks, the perceived personality of group members clusters, this is also observed for dyads in a collaborative problem solving task, but not in dyads under non-collaborative task settings. Additionally, we find that the group level average perceived personality traits provide a better predictor of group performance than the group level average self-reported personality traits.

统计能力是对假设检验的优点/强度的度量。正式地，如果存在真实的效果，则是检测效果的概率。因此，需要优化统计能力作为假设检验的某些参数的函数。但是，对于大多数假设检验，统计功率的显式功能形式是这些参数的函数是未知的，但是使用模拟实验可以计算给定值集值的统计功率。这些模拟实验通常在计算上很昂贵。因此，使用模拟开发整个统计功率歧管可能非常耗时。由此激励，我们提出了一种基于遗传算法的新型统计功率歧管框架。对于多个线性回归$ f $检验，我们表明所提出的算法/框架与蛮力方法相比，随着电源甲骨文的查询数量大大减少，统计功率歧管的速度要快得多。我们还表明，随着遗传算法的增加，学习流形的质量会提高。

血氧水平依赖性（BOLD）用母体高氧可以评估胎盘内的氧运输，并已成为研究胎盘功能的有前途的工具。测量信号随着时间的变化需要在时间序列的每个体积中分割胎盘。由于大胆的时间序列中的数量大量，现有研究依靠注册将所有卷映射到手动分段模板。由于胎盘由于胎儿运动，母体运动和收缩而导致大变形，因此这种方法通常会导致大量废弃体积，而注册方法失败。在这项工作中，我们提出了一个基于U-NET神经网络体系结构的机器学习模型，以自动以粗体MRI分割胎盘，并将其应用于时间序列中的每个卷。我们使用边界加权损失函数来准确捕获胎盘形状。我们的模型经过训练和测试，并在91位包含健康胎儿的受试者，胎儿生长限制的胎儿以及BMI高的母亲中进行了测试。当与地面真实标签匹配时，我们的骰子得分为0.83 +/- 0.04，并且我们的模型在粗体时间序列中可靠地分割量氧和高氧点的量。我们的代码和训练有素的模型可在https://github.com/mabulnaga/automatic-placenta-mentegation上获得。

通过移动机器人收集数据的自动化有望提高环境调查的功效，但要求该系统自主确定如何在避免障碍的同时采样环境。现有的方法，例如Boustrophedon分解算法，可以将环境完全覆盖到指定的分辨率上，但是在许多情况下，分布分辨率进行采样将产生长的路径，并具有不可算数的测量值。减少这些路径可能会导致可行的计划，而以分配估计精度为代价。这项工作探讨了分布精度和小路分解算法的路径长度之间的权衡。我们通过计算指标来量化算法性能，以在环境分布中计算蒙特卡洛模拟中的准确性和路径长度。我们强调的是，应将一个目标优先于另一个目标，并提出对算法的修改，以通过更均匀地采样来提高其有效性。这些结果证明了Boustrophedon算法的智能部署如何有效指导自主环境抽样。

我们探索了使用机器学习技术来消除实验光谱中大量$ \ gamma $ ray检测器的响应。分段$ \ gamma $ -Ray总吸收光谱仪（TAS）允许同时测量单个$ \ gamma $ -ray $ -Ray-ray Energy（e $ _ \ gamma $）和总激发能量（E $ _X $）。 TAS检测器数据的分析使E $ _X $和E $ _ \ gamma $数量相关联，因此与使用E $ _x $和E $ _ \ gamma $响应函数相关的技术是复杂的，因此不那么准确。在这项工作中，我们调查了有条件生成的对抗网络（CGAN）同时展开$ e_ {x} $和$ e _ {\ gamma} $ data在TAS检测器中的数据。具体而言，我们采用PIX2PIX CGAN，这是一种基于深度学习进展的生成建模技术，以处理$（e_x，e _ {\ gamma}）$矩阵作为图像到图像翻译问题。我们提出了单个 - $ \ gamma $和double-$ \ gamma $ decay cascades的模拟和实验矩阵的结果。我们的模型展示了检测器分辨率限制内的表征功能，其模拟测试用例$ 90 \％$。

本报告描述了一组新生儿脑电图（EEG）记录，根据背景模式中异常的严重程度分级。该数据集由来自新生儿重症监护病房记录的53个新生儿的169小时多通道脑电图组成。所有新生儿均诊断出低氧缺血性脑病（HIE），这是全年前婴儿脑损伤的最常见原因。对于每种新生儿，选择了多个1小时的高质量脑电图，然后对背景异常进行评分。分级系统评估eeg属性，例如振幅和频率，连续性，睡眠循环，对称性和同步以及异常波形。然后将背景严重程度分为4年级：正常或轻度异常，中度异常，严重异常和不活跃的脑电图。数据可用作用于HIE，用于脑电图训练目的的新生儿的多通道脑电图的参考集，或用于开发和评估自动化等级算法。

Deep learning (DL) is gaining popularity as a parameter estimation method for quantitative MRI. A range of competing implementations have been proposed, relying on either supervised or self-supervised learning. Self-supervised approaches, sometimes referred to as unsupervised, have been loosely based on auto-encoders, whereas supervised methods have, to date, been trained on groundtruth labels. These two learning paradigms have been shown to have distinct strengths. Notably, self-supervised approaches have offered lower-bias parameter estimates than their supervised alternatives. This result is counterintuitive - incorporating prior knowledge with supervised labels should, in theory, lead to improved accuracy. In this work, we show that this apparent limitation of supervised approaches stems from the naive choice of groundtruth training labels. By training on labels which are deliberately not groundtruth, we show that the low-bias parameter estimation previously associated with self-supervised methods can be replicated - and improved on - within a supervised learning framework. This approach sets the stage for a single, unifying, deep learning parameter estimation framework, based on supervised learning, where trade-offs between bias and variance are made by careful adjustment of training label.

Recently developed methods for video analysis, especially models for pose estimation and behavior classification, are transforming behavioral quantification to be more precise, scalable, and reproducible in fields such as neuroscience and ethology. These tools overcome long-standing limitations of manual scoring of video frames and traditional "center of mass" tracking algorithms to enable video analysis at scale. The expansion of open-source tools for video acquisition and analysis has led to new experimental approaches to understand behavior. Here, we review currently available open-source tools for video analysis and discuss how to set up these methods for labs new to video recording. We also discuss best practices for developing and using video analysis methods, including community-wide standards and critical needs for the open sharing of datasets and code, more widespread comparisons of video analysis methods, and better documentation for these methods especially for new users. We encourage broader adoption and continued development of these tools, which have tremendous potential for accelerating scientific progress in understanding the brain and behavior.

Accurate determination of a small molecule candidate (ligand) binding pose in its target protein pocket is important for computer-aided drug discovery. Typical rigid-body docking methods ignore the pocket flexibility of protein, while the more accurate pose generation using molecular dynamics is hindered by slow protein dynamics. We develop a tiered tensor transform (3T) algorithm to rapidly generate diverse protein-ligand complex conformations for both pose and affinity estimation in drug screening, requiring neither machine learning training nor lengthy dynamics computation, while maintaining both coarse-grain-like coordinated protein dynamics and atomistic-level details of the complex pocket. The 3T conformation structures we generate are closer to experimental co-crystal structures than those generated by docking software, and more importantly achieve significantly higher accuracy in active ligand classification than traditional ensemble docking using hundreds of experimental protein conformations. 3T structure transformation is decoupled from the system physics, making future usage in other computational scientific domains possible.

While the capabilities of autonomous systems have been steadily improving in recent years, these systems still struggle to rapidly explore previously unknown environments without the aid of GPS-assisted navigation. The DARPA Subterranean (SubT) Challenge aimed to fast track the development of autonomous exploration systems by evaluating their performance in real-world underground search-and-rescue scenarios. Subterranean environments present a plethora of challenges for robotic systems, such as limited communications, complex topology, visually-degraded sensing, and harsh terrain. The presented solution enables long-term autonomy with minimal human supervision by combining a powerful and independent single-agent autonomy stack, with higher level mission management operating over a flexible mesh network. The autonomy suite deployed on quadruped and wheeled robots was fully independent, freeing the human supervision to loosely supervise the mission and make high-impact strategic decisions. We also discuss lessons learned from fielding our system at the SubT Final Event, relating to vehicle versatility, system adaptability, and re-configurable communications.