Recent object detection models for infrared (IR) imagery are based upon deep neural networks (DNNs) and require large amounts of labeled training imagery. However, publicly-available datasets that can be used for such training are limited in their size and diversity. To address this problem, we explore cross-modal style transfer (CMST) to leverage large and diverse color imagery datasets so that they can be used to train DNN-based IR image based object detectors. We evaluate six contemporary stylization methods on four publicly-available IR datasets - the first comparison of its kind - and find that CMST is highly effective for DNN-based detectors. Surprisingly, we find that existing data-driven methods are outperformed by a simple grayscale stylization (an average of the color channels). Our analysis reveals that existing data-driven methods are either too simplistic or introduce significant artifacts into the imagery. To overcome these limitations, we propose meta-learning style transfer (MLST), which learns a stylization by composing and tuning well-behaved analytic functions. We find that MLST leads to more complex stylizations without introducing significant image artifacts and achieves the best overall detector performance on our benchmark datasets.

近年来，合成（或模拟）数据用于培训机器学习模型已迅速增长。通常，合成数据可以比其现实世界中的对应物更快，更便宜。但是，使用合成图像的一个挑战是场景设计：例如，内容及其特征和空间布置的选择。为了有效，该设计不仅必须现实，而且适合目标域，而目标域（通过假设）是未标记的。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种方法，可以自动根据未标记的现实世界图像选择合成图像的设计。我们的方法被称为神经 - 异位元模拟（NAM），建立在开创性的元模拟方法上。与当前的最新方法相反，我们的方法可以在离线后进行预训练，然后为新目标图像提供快速的设计推断。使用合成和现实世界中的问题，我们表明，NAMS不符合符合内域和室外目标成像的合成设计，并且具有NAMS设计的图像的训练分割模型与NA \ \ na \'相比，结果均优异。 IVE随机设计和最先进的元模拟方法。

深度学习（DL）逆技术增加了人工电磁材料（AEM）设计的速度，提高了所得装置的质量。许多DL逆技术在多个AEM设计任务中成功地成功，但要比较，对比度和评估各种技术，澄清逆问题的潜在弊端是至关重要的。在这里，我们审查最先进的方法，并对深度学习逆方法进行全面调查，对AEM设计进行深度学习逆方法和可逆和有条件可逆的神经网络。我们可以轻松访问和快速可实现的AEM设计基准，该基准提供了一种有效地确定最适合解决不同设计挑战的DL技术的方法。我们的方法是通过对重复模拟的限制和易于集成度量的限制，我们提出的是任何AEM设计问题的相对弊端。我们表明，由于问题变得越来越弊，无论模拟约束如何，带有边界损耗（NA）的神经伴随都会产生更好的解决方案。在简单的AEM设计任务中，当模拟有限时，直接神经网络（NN）更好，而混合密度网络（MDN）和条件变化自动编码器（VAE）预测的几何形状可以通过持续的采样和重新模拟来改进。

许多物理系统由普通的或部分微分方程描述，其解决方案由复杂域中的全象或亚纯函数给出。在许多情况下，只有在纯虚拟JW轴上的各个点上只观察到这些功能的大小，因为它们的阶段的相干测量通常是昂贵的。然而，期望在可能的情况下从幅度中检索丢失的阶段。为此，我们提出了一种基于Blaschke产品的物理漏险的深神经网络，用于相位检索。灵感来自赫尔森和Sarason定理，我们使用Blaschke产品神经网络（BPNN）来恢复Blaschke产品的合理功能系数，基于输入作为输入的幅度观察。然后使用得到的Rational函数进行相位检索。我们将BPNN与常规深度神经网络（NNS）进行比较多相检索问题，包括合成和当代的现实世界问题（例如，数据收集需要大量专业知识的超材料，并且耗时）。在每个阶段检索问题上，我们与不同尺寸和超参数设置的传统NNS群体进行比较。即使没有任何超参数搜索，我们发现BPNNS始终如一地优于稀缺数据场景中优化NNS的群体，并且尽管模型更小。结果又可以应用于计算超材料的折射率，这是物质科学新兴领域的重要问题。

小型太阳能光伏（PV）阵列中电网的有效集成计划需要访问高质量的数据：单个太阳能PV阵列的位置和功率容量。不幸的是，不存在小型太阳能光伏的国家数据库。那些确实有限的空间分辨率，通常汇总到州或国家一级。尽管已经发布了几种有希望的太阳能光伏检测方法，但根据研究，研究这些模型的性能通常是高度异质的。这些方法对能源评估的实际应用的比较变得具有挑战性，可能意味着报告的绩效评估过于乐观。异质性有多种形式，我们在这项工作中探讨了每种形式：空间聚集的水平，地面真理的验证，培训和验证数据集的不一致以及培训的位置和传感器的多样性程度和验证数据始发。对于每个人，我们都会讨论文献中的新兴实践，以解决它们或暗示未来研究的方向。作为调查的一部分，我们评估了两个大区域的太阳PV识别性能。我们的发现表明，由于验证过程中的共同局限性，从卫星图像对太阳PV自动识别的传统绩效评估可能是乐观的。这项工作的收获旨在为能源研究人员和专业人员提供自动太阳能光伏评估技术的大规模实用应用。

Quantum Machine Learning (QML) shows how it maintains certain significant advantages over machine learning methods. It now shows that hybrid quantum methods have great scope for deployment and optimisation, and hold promise for future industries. As a weakness, quantum computing does not have enough qubits to justify its potential. This topic of study gives us encouraging results in the improvement of quantum coding, being the data preprocessing an important point in this research we employ two dimensionality reduction techniques LDA and PCA applying them in a hybrid way Quantum Support Vector Classifier (QSVC) and Variational Quantum Classifier (VQC) in the classification of Diabetes.

Importance: The prevalence of severe mental illnesses (SMIs) in the United States is approximately 3% of the whole population. The ability to conduct risk screening of SMIs at large scale could inform early prevention and treatment. Objective: A scalable machine learning based tool was developed to conduct population-level risk screening for SMIs, including schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorders, psychosis, and bipolar disorders,using 1) healthcare insurance claims and 2) electronic health records (EHRs). Design, setting and participants: Data from beneficiaries from a nationwide commercial healthcare insurer with 77.4 million members and data from patients from EHRs from eight academic hospitals based in the U.S. were used. First, the predictive models were constructed and tested using data in case-control cohorts from insurance claims or EHR data. Second, performance of the predictive models across data sources were analyzed. Third, as an illustrative application, the models were further trained to predict risks of SMIs among 18-year old young adults and individuals with substance associated conditions. Main outcomes and measures: Machine learning-based predictive models for SMIs in the general population were built based on insurance claims and EHR.

This volume contains revised versions of the papers selected for the third volume of the Online Handbook of Argumentation for AI (OHAAI). Previously, formal theories of argument and argument interaction have been proposed and studied, and this has led to the more recent study of computational models of argument. Argumentation, as a field within artificial intelligence (AI), is highly relevant for researchers interested in symbolic representations of knowledge and defeasible reasoning. The purpose of this handbook is to provide an open access and curated anthology for the argumentation research community. OHAAI is designed to serve as a research hub to keep track of the latest and upcoming PhD-driven research on the theory and application of argumentation in all areas related to AI.

We test grip strength and shock absorption properties of various granular material in granular jamming robotic components. The granular material comprises a range of natural, manufactured, and 3D printed material encompassing a wide range of shapes, sizes, and Shore hardness. Two main experiments are considered, both representing compelling use cases for granular jamming in soft robotics. The first experiment measures grip strength (retention force measured in Newtons) when we fill a latex balloon with the chosen grain type and use it as a granular jamming gripper to pick up a range of test objects. The second experiment measures shock absorption properties recorded by an Inertial Measurement Unit which is suspended in an envelope of granular material and dropped from a set height. Our results highlight a range of shape, size and softness effects, including that grain deformability is a key determinant of grip strength, and interestingly, that larger grain sizes in 3D printed grains create better shock absorbing materials.

Efficient characterization of highly entangled multi-particle systems is an outstanding challenge in quantum science. Recent developments have shown that a modest number of randomized measurements suffices to learn many properties of a quantum many-body system. However, implementing such measurements requires complete control over individual particles, which is unavailable in many experimental platforms. In this work, we present rigorous and efficient algorithms for learning quantum many-body states in systems with any degree of control over individual particles, including when every particle is subject to the same global field and no additional ancilla particles are available. We numerically demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithms for estimating energy densities in a U(1) lattice gauge theory and classifying topological order using very limited measurement capabilities.