The current optical communication systems minimize bit or symbol errors without considering the semantic meaning behind digital bits, thus transmitting a lot of unnecessary information. We propose and experimentally demonstrate a semantic optical fiber communication (SOFC) system. Instead of encoding information into bits for transmission, semantic information is extracted from the source using deep learning. The generated semantic symbols are then directly transmitted through an optical fiber. Compared with the bit-based structure, the SOFC system achieved higher information compression and a more stable performance, especially in the low received optical power regime, and enhanced the robustness against optical link impairments. This work introduces an intelligent optical communication system at the human analytical thinking level, which is a significant step toward a breakthrough in the current optical communication architecture.

Machine Learning (ML) interatomic models and potentials have been widely employed in simulations of materials. Long-range interactions often dominate in some ionic systems whose dynamics behavior is significantly influenced. However, the long-range effect such as Coulomb and Van der Wales potential is not considered in most ML interatomic potentials. To address this issue, we put forward a method that can take long-range effects into account for most ML local interatomic models with the reciprocal space neural network. The structure information in real space is firstly transformed into reciprocal space and then encoded into a reciprocal space potential or a global descriptor with full atomic interactions. The reciprocal space potential and descriptor keep full invariance of Euclidean symmetry and choice of the cell. Benefiting from the reciprocal-space information, ML interatomic models can be extended to describe the long-range potential including not only Coulomb but any other long-range interaction. A model NaCl system considering Coulomb interaction and the GaxNy system with defects are applied to illustrate the advantage of our approach. At the same time, our approach helps to improve the prediction accuracy of some global properties such as the band gap where the full atomic interaction beyond local atomic environments plays a very important role. In summary, our work has expanded the ability of current ML interatomic models and potentials when dealing with the long-range effect, hence paving a new way for accurate prediction of global properties and large-scale dynamic simulations of systems with defects.

This work presents Time-reversal Equivariant Neural Network (TENN) framework. With TENN, the time-reversal symmetry is considered in the equivariant neural network (ENN), which generalizes the ENN to consider physical quantities related to time-reversal symmetry such as spin and velocity of atoms. TENN-e3, as the time-reversal-extension of E(3) equivariant neural network, is developed to keep the Time-reversal E(3) equivariant with consideration of whether to include the spin-orbit effect for both collinear and non-collinear magnetic moments situations for magnetic material. TENN-e3 can construct spin neural network potential and the Hamiltonian of magnetic material from ab-initio calculations. Time-reversal-E(3)-equivariant convolutions for interactions of spinor and geometric tensors are employed in TENN-e3. Compared to the popular ENN, TENN-e3 can describe the complex spin-lattice coupling with high accuracy and keep time-reversal symmetry which is not preserved in the existing E(3)-equivariant model. Also, the Hamiltonian of magnetic material with time-reversal symmetry can be built with TENN-e3. TENN paves a new way to spin-lattice dynamics simulations over long-time scales and electronic structure calculations of large-scale magnetic materials.

深层剩余网络（RESNET）在各种现实世界应用中显示出最先进的性能。最近，重新聚集了重新分解模型并将其解释为连续的普通微分方程或神经模型的解决方案。在这项研究中，我们提出了一个具有层变化参数的神经通用的普通微分方程（神经 - 理）模型，以进一步扩展神经模块以近似离散的重新NET。具体而言，我们使用非参数B-Spline函数来参数化神经形成，以便可以轻松平衡模型复杂性和计算效率之间的权衡。证明重新结构和神经码模型是所提出的神经形模型的特殊情况。基于两个基准数据集，MNIST和CIFAR-10，我们表明，与标准神经模板相比，与层变化的神经形成更加灵活和通用。此外，神经学享有计算和记忆益处，同时在预测准确性方面具有相当的性能。

迄今为止，最强大的半监督对象检测器（SS-OD）基于伪盒，该盒子需要一系列带有微调超参数的后处理。在这项工作中，我们建议用稀疏的伪盒子以伪造的伪标签形式取代稀疏的伪盒。与伪盒相比，我们的密集伪标签（DPL）不涉及任何后处理方法，因此保留了更丰富的信息。我们还引入了一种区域选择技术，以突出关键信息，同时抑制密集标签所携带的噪声。我们将利用DPL作为密集老师的拟议的SS-OD算法命名。在可可和VOC上，密集的老师在各种环境下与基于伪盒的方法相比表现出卓越的表现。

在本文中，我们专注于研究中国问题匹配的鲁棒性评估。以前的大多数关于分析鲁棒性问题的工作专注于只有一种或几种类型的人工对抗例。相反，我们认为有必要制定关于自然文本模型语言能力的综合评估。为此目的，我们创建了一个中国数据集即duqm，其中包含具有语言扰动的自然问题，以评估问题匹配模型的鲁棒性。Duqm包含3个类别和13个子类别，具有32个语言扰动。广泛的实验表明，DUQM具有更好的区分不同模型的能力。重要的是，DuQM中语言现象评估的详细分类有助于我们轻松诊断不同模型的强度和弱点。此外，我们的实验结果表明，人工对抗实例的影响不适用于自然文本。

用于医学图像重建的深度神经网络传统上使用高质量的地基图像作为训练目标训练。最近关于噪声的工作（N2N）已经示出了使用与具有地面真理的多个噪声测量的潜力。然而，现有的基于N2N的方法不适合于从经历非身份变形的物体的测量来学习。本文通过补偿对象变形来提出用于训练深层重建网络的变形补偿学习（DecoLearn）方法来解决此问题。DecoLearn的一个关键组件是一个深度登记模块，它与深度重建网络共同培训，没有任何地理监督。我们在模拟和实验收集的磁共振成像（MRI）数据上验证了甲板，并表明它显着提高了成像质量。

Projection operations are a typical computation bottleneck in online learning. In this paper, we enable projection-free online learning within the framework of Online Convex Optimization with Memory (OCO-M) -- OCO-M captures how the history of decisions affects the current outcome by allowing the online learning loss functions to depend on both current and past decisions. Particularly, we introduce the first projection-free meta-base learning algorithm with memory that minimizes dynamic regret, i.e., that minimizes the suboptimality against any sequence of time-varying decisions. We are motivated by artificial intelligence applications where autonomous agents need to adapt to time-varying environments in real-time, accounting for how past decisions affect the present. Examples of such applications are: online control of dynamical systems; statistical arbitrage; and time series prediction. The algorithm builds on the Online Frank-Wolfe (OFW) and Hedge algorithms. We demonstrate how our algorithm can be applied to the online control of linear time-varying systems in the presence of unpredictable process noise. To this end, we develop the first controller with memory and bounded dynamic regret against any optimal time-varying linear feedback control policy. We validate our algorithm in simulated scenarios of online control of linear time-invariant systems.

Several self-supervised representation learning methods have been proposed for reinforcement learning (RL) with rich observations. For real-world applications of RL, recovering underlying latent states is crucial, particularly when sensory inputs contain irrelevant and exogenous information. In this work, we study how information bottlenecks can be used to construct latent states efficiently in the presence of task-irrelevant information. We propose architectures that utilize variational and discrete information bottlenecks, coined as RepDIB, to learn structured factorized representations. Exploiting the expressiveness bought by factorized representations, we introduce a simple, yet effective, bottleneck that can be integrated with any existing self-supervised objective for RL. We demonstrate this across several online and offline RL benchmarks, along with a real robot arm task, where we find that compressed representations with RepDIB can lead to strong performance improvements, as the learned bottlenecks help predict only the relevant state while ignoring irrelevant information.

Configurable software systems are employed in many important application domains. Understanding the performance of the systems under all configurations is critical to prevent potential performance issues caused by misconfiguration. However, as the number of configurations can be prohibitively large, it is not possible to measure the system performance under all configurations. Thus, a common approach is to build a prediction model from a limited measurement data to predict the performance of all configurations as scalar values. However, it has been pointed out that there are different sources of uncertainty coming from the data collection or the modeling process, which can make the scalar predictions not certainly accurate. To address this problem, we propose a Bayesian deep learning based method, namely BDLPerf, that can incorporate uncertainty into the prediction model. BDLPerf can provide both scalar predictions for configurations' performance and the corresponding confidence intervals of these scalar predictions. We also develop a novel uncertainty calibration technique to ensure the reliability of the confidence intervals generated by a Bayesian prediction model. Finally, we suggest an efficient hyperparameter tuning technique so as to train the prediction model within a reasonable amount of time whilst achieving high accuracy. Our experimental results on 10 real-world systems show that BDLPerf achieves higher accuracy than existing approaches, in both scalar performance prediction and confidence interval estimation.