Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are deep learning models designed to process attributed graphs. GNNs can compute cluster assignments accounting both for the vertex features and for the graph topology. Existing GNNs for clustering are trained by optimizing an unsupervised minimum cut objective, which is approximated by a Spectral Clustering (SC) relaxation. SC offers a closed-form solution that, however, is not particularly useful for a GNN trained with gradient descent. Additionally, the SC relaxation is loose and yields overly smooth cluster assignments, which do not separate well the samples. We propose a GNN model that optimizes a tighter relaxation of the minimum cut based on graph total variation (GTV). Our model has two core components: i) a message-passing layer that minimizes the $\ell_1$ distance in the features of adjacent vertices, which is key to achieving sharp cluster transitions; ii) a loss function that minimizes the GTV in the cluster assignments while ensuring balanced partitions. By optimizing the proposed loss, our model can be self-trained to perform clustering. In addition, our clustering procedure can be used to implement graph pooling in deep GNN architectures for graph classification. Experiments show that our model outperforms other GNN-based approaches for clustering and graph pooling.

最近，引入了亚图增强图神经网络（SGNN），以增强图形神经网络（GNN）的表达能力，事实证明，该功能不高于一维Weisfeiler-Leman同构测试。新的范式建议使用从输入图中提取的子图提高模型的表现力，但是额外的复杂性加剧了GNNS中本来可以具有挑战性的问题：解释其预测。在这项工作中，我们将PGEXPlainer（GNNS的最新解释者之一）改编为SGNN。拟议的解释器解释了所有不同子图的贡献，并可以产生人类可以解释的有意义的解释。我们在真实和合成数据集上执行的实验表明，我们的框架成功地解释了SGNN在图形分类任务上的决策过程。

时空时间序列的神经预测推动了几个相关应用领域的研究和工业创新。图神经网络（GNN）通常是预测体系结构的核心组成部分。但是，在大多数时空gnns中，计算复杂度比序列时间长度缩放到二次因子，图中链接的数量是图中的链接数，因此阻碍了这些模型在大图和长时间序列中的应用。尽管在静态图的背景下提出了提高可伸缩性的方法，但很少有研究工作专门用于时空情况。为了填补这一空白，我们提出了一个可扩展的体系结构，该体系结构利用了时间和空间动力学的有效编码。特别是，我们使用一个随机的复发神经网络将输入时间序列的历史嵌入到包括多尺度时间动力学的高维状态表示中。然后，使用图形邻接矩阵的不同功率沿空间维度沿空间维度传播，以生成以富含时空特征池的特征的节点嵌入。可以在不监督的方式中有效地预先计算所得的节点嵌入，然后将其馈送到馈送前向解码器，该解码器学会映射多尺度时空表示形式为预测。然后，可以通过对节点的嵌入而无需破坏任何依赖性，从而使训练过程在节点方面并行化，从而可以对大型网络进行可扩展性。相关数据集的经验结果表明，我们的方法可以与最新技术的状态竞争，同时大大减轻了计算负担。

光谱群集中使用的目标函数通常由两个术语组成：i）一个术语最小化群集分配的局部二次变化，并且；ii）一个平衡聚类分区并有助于避免退化解决方案的术语。本文表明，配备合适消息传递层的图形神经网络可以通过仅优化平衡项来生成良好的集群分配。归因图数据集的结果显示了拟议方法在聚类性能和计算时间方面的有效性。

在本文中，我们探讨了通过深度学习来检测C波段SAR图像中极性低的可能性。具体而言，我们介绍了一个新的数据集，该数据集由Sentinel-1图像组成，分为两个类别，分别代表海上中clo子的存在和不存在。该数据集是使用ERE5数据集作为基线构建的，它由2004年注释的图像组成。据我们所知，这是公开发布此类数据集的第一个数据集。该数据集用于训练深度学习模型以对标记的图像进行分类。该模型在独立的测试集上进行了评估，其F-1得分为0.95，表明可以从SAR图像中始终检测到极性低。应用于深度学习模型的可解释性技术表明，大气方面和旋风眼是分类的关键特征。此外，实验结果表明，即使：（i）由于SAR的宽度有限，该模型是正确的：（ii）特征部分被海冰覆盖，（iii）土地覆盖了显着图像的一部分。通过评估多个输入图像分辨率上的模型性能（像素大小为500m，1km和2km），发现较高的分辨率会产生最佳性能。这强调了使用高分辨率传感器（例如SAR来检测极性低）的潜力，与常规使用的传感器（例如散射计）相比。

This paper presents a novel probabilistic forecasting method called ensemble conformalized quantile regression (EnCQR). EnCQR constructs distribution-free and approximately marginally valid prediction intervals (PIs), which are suitable for nonstationary and heteroscedastic time series data. EnCQR can be applied on top of a generic forecasting model, including deep learning architectures. EnCQR exploits a bootstrap ensemble estimator, which enables the use of conformal predictors for time series by removing the requirement of data exchangeability. The ensemble learners are implemented as generic machine learning algorithms performing quantile regression, which allow the length of the PIs to adapt to local variability in the data. In the experiments, we predict time series characterized by a different amount of heteroscedasticity. The results demonstrate that EnCQR outperforms models based only on quantile regression or conformal prediction, and it provides sharper, more informative, and valid PIs.

我们提出了一种基于图形神经网络（GNN）的端到端框架，以平衡通用网格中的功率流。优化被帧为监督的顶点回归任务，其中GNN培训以预测每个网格分支的电流和功率注入，从而产生功率流量平衡。通过将电网表示为与顶点的分支的线图，我们可以培训一个更准确和强大的GNN来改变底层拓扑。此外，通过使用专门的GNN层，我们能够构建一个非常深的架构，该架构占图表上的大街区，同时仅实现本地化操作。我们执行三个不同的实验来评估：i）使用深入GNN模型时使用本地化而不是全球运营的好处和趋势; ii）图形拓扑中对扰动的弹性;和iii）能力同时在多个网格拓扑上同时培训模型以及新的看不见网格的概括性的改进。拟议的框架是有效的，而且与基于深度学习的其他求解器相比，不仅对网格组件上的物理量而且对拓扑的物理量具有鲁棒性。

Many challenging reinforcement learning (RL) problems require designing a distribution of tasks that can be applied to train effective policies. This distribution of tasks can be specified by the curriculum. A curriculum is meant to improve the results of learning and accelerate it. We introduce Success Induced Task Prioritization (SITP), a framework for automatic curriculum learning, where a task sequence is created based on the success rate of each task. In this setting, each task is an algorithmically created environment instance with a unique configuration. The algorithm selects the order of tasks that provide the fastest learning for agents. The probability of selecting any of the tasks for the next stage of learning is determined by evaluating its performance score in previous stages. Experiments were carried out in the Partially Observable Grid Environment for Multiple Agents (POGEMA) and Procgen benchmark. We demonstrate that SITP matches or surpasses the results of other curriculum design methods. Our method can be implemented with handful of minor modifications to any standard RL framework and provides useful prioritization with minimal computational overhead.

This paper presents a solution to the GenChal 2022 shared task dedicated to feedback comment generation for writing learning. In terms of this task given a text with an error and a span of the error, a system generates an explanatory note that helps the writer (language learner) to improve their writing skills. Our solution is based on fine-tuning the T5 model on the initial dataset augmented according to syntactical dependencies of the words located within indicated error span. The solution of our team "nigula" obtained second place according to manual evaluation by the organizers.

The task of reconstructing 3D human motion has wideranging applications. The gold standard Motion capture (MoCap) systems are accurate but inaccessible to the general public due to their cost, hardware and space constraints. In contrast, monocular human mesh recovery (HMR) methods are much more accessible than MoCap as they take single-view videos as inputs. Replacing the multi-view Mo- Cap systems with a monocular HMR method would break the current barriers to collecting accurate 3D motion thus making exciting applications like motion analysis and motiondriven animation accessible to the general public. However, performance of existing HMR methods degrade when the video contains challenging and dynamic motion that is not in existing MoCap datasets used for training. This reduces its appeal as dynamic motion is frequently the target in 3D motion recovery in the aforementioned applications. Our study aims to bridge the gap between monocular HMR and multi-view MoCap systems by leveraging information shared across multiple video instances of the same action. We introduce the Neural Motion (NeMo) field. It is optimized to represent the underlying 3D motions across a set of videos of the same action. Empirically, we show that NeMo can recover 3D motion in sports using videos from the Penn Action dataset, where NeMo outperforms existing HMR methods in terms of 2D keypoint detection. To further validate NeMo using 3D metrics, we collected a small MoCap dataset mimicking actions in Penn Action,and show that NeMo achieves better 3D reconstruction compared to various baselines.