表示技术的快速发展和大规模医学成像数据的可用性必须在3D医学图像分析中快速增加机器学习的使用。特别是，深度卷积神经网络（D-CNN）是关键参与者，并被医学成像界采用，以协助临床医生和医学专家进行疾病诊断。然而，培训深层神经网络，例如在高分辨率3D体积的计算机断层扫描（CT）扫描中进行诊断任务的D-CNN带来了强大的计算挑战。这提出了开发基于深度学习的方法，这些方法在2D图像中具有强大的学习表示形式，而是3D扫描。在本文中，我们提出了一种新的策略，以根据沿轴的相邻切片的描述来训练CT扫描上的\ emph {slice level}分类器。特别是，每一个都是通过卷积神经网络（CNN）提取的。该方法适用于具有每片标签的CT数据集，例如RSNA颅内出血（ICH）数据集，该数据集旨在预测ICH的存在并将其分类为5个不同的子类型。我们在RSNA ICH挑战的最佳4 \％最佳解决方案中获得了单个模型，其中允许模型集成。实验还表明，所提出的方法显着优于CQ500上的基线模型。所提出的方法是一般的，可以应用于其他3D医学诊断任务，例如MRI成像。为了鼓励该领域的新进步，我们将在接受论文后制定我们的代码和预培训模型。

在本报告中，我们提出了用于声学场景分类（ASC）的低复杂性深度学习框架。所提出的框架可以分为四个主要步骤：前端频谱提取，在线数据增强，后端分类以及预测概率的晚融合。特别是，我们最初将音频记录转换为MEL，Gammatone和CQT频谱图。接下来，随机裁剪，分类和混合的数据增强方法将应用于生成增强频谱图，然后再添加到基于深度学习的分类器中。最后，为了达到最佳性能，我们融合了从三个单独的分类器获得的概率，这些分类器通过三种类型的频谱图独立训练。我们在DCASE 2022任务1开发数据集上进行的实验已经满足了低复杂性的要求，并达到了60.1％的最佳分类准确性，将Dcase基线提高了17.2％。

我们为神经机翻译（NMT）提供了一个开源工具包。新工具包主要基于拱形变压器（Vaswani等，2017）以及下面详述的许多其他改进，以便创建一个独立的，易于使用，一致和全面的各个领域的机器翻译任务框架。它是为了支持双语和多语言翻译任务的工具，从构建各个语料库的模型开始推断新的预测或将模型打包给提供功能的JIT格式。

本文介绍了视听场景分类（SC）的任务，其中输入视频被分类为五个现实生活中拥挤的场景中的一个：'骚乱'，'噪音 - 街道'，'Firework-event'，'Music-event'和“运动氛围”。为此，我们首先从YouTube（野外场景中）收集这五个拥挤的上下文的音频视觉数据集（视频）。然后，建议广泛的深度学习框架独立地部署音频或视觉输入数据。最后，从高级深度学习框架获得的结果融合以实现最佳的准确度分数。我们的实验结果表明，音频和视觉输入因素独立贡献了SC任务的性能。值得注意的是，深入学习框架的集合探索音频或视觉输入数据的最佳精度为95.7％。

While the capabilities of autonomous systems have been steadily improving in recent years, these systems still struggle to rapidly explore previously unknown environments without the aid of GPS-assisted navigation. The DARPA Subterranean (SubT) Challenge aimed to fast track the development of autonomous exploration systems by evaluating their performance in real-world underground search-and-rescue scenarios. Subterranean environments present a plethora of challenges for robotic systems, such as limited communications, complex topology, visually-degraded sensing, and harsh terrain. The presented solution enables long-term autonomy with minimal human supervision by combining a powerful and independent single-agent autonomy stack, with higher level mission management operating over a flexible mesh network. The autonomy suite deployed on quadruped and wheeled robots was fully independent, freeing the human supervision to loosely supervise the mission and make high-impact strategic decisions. We also discuss lessons learned from fielding our system at the SubT Final Event, relating to vehicle versatility, system adaptability, and re-configurable communications.

We present Muse, a text-to-image Transformer model that achieves state-of-the-art image generation performance while being significantly more efficient than diffusion or autoregressive models. Muse is trained on a masked modeling task in discrete token space: given the text embedding extracted from a pre-trained large language model (LLM), Muse is trained to predict randomly masked image tokens. Compared to pixel-space diffusion models, such as Imagen and DALL-E 2, Muse is significantly more efficient due to the use of discrete tokens and requiring fewer sampling iterations; compared to autoregressive models, such as Parti, Muse is more efficient due to the use of parallel decoding. The use of a pre-trained LLM enables fine-grained language understanding, translating to high-fidelity image generation and the understanding of visual concepts such as objects, their spatial relationships, pose, cardinality etc. Our 900M parameter model achieves a new SOTA on CC3M, with an FID score of 6.06. The Muse 3B parameter model achieves an FID of 7.88 on zero-shot COCO evaluation, along with a CLIP score of 0.32. Muse also directly enables a number of image editing applications without the need to fine-tune or invert the model: inpainting, outpainting, and mask-free editing. More results are available at https://muse-model.github.io

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) captures cross-sectional data and is used for the screening, monitoring, and treatment planning of retinal diseases. Technological developments to increase the speed of acquisition often results in systems with a narrower spectral bandwidth, and hence a lower axial resolution. Traditionally, image-processing-based techniques have been utilized to reconstruct subsampled OCT data and more recently, deep-learning-based methods have been explored. In this study, we simulate reduced axial scan (A-scan) resolution by Gaussian windowing in the spectral domain and investigate the use of a learning-based approach for image feature reconstruction. In anticipation of the reduced resolution that accompanies wide-field OCT systems, we build upon super-resolution techniques to explore methods to better aid clinicians in their decision-making to improve patient outcomes, by reconstructing lost features using a pixel-to-pixel approach with an altered super-resolution generative adversarial network (SRGAN) architecture.

Compliance in actuation has been exploited to generate highly dynamic maneuvers such as throwing that take advantage of the potential energy stored in joint springs. However, the energy storage and release could not be well-timed yet. On the contrary, for multi-link systems, the natural system dynamics might even work against the actual goal. With the introduction of variable stiffness actuators, this problem has been partially addressed. With a suitable optimal control strategy, the approximate decoupling of the motor from the link can be achieved to maximize the energy transfer into the distal link prior to launch. However, such continuous stiffness variation is complex and typically leads to oscillatory swing-up motions instead of clear launch sequences. To circumvent this issue, we investigate decoupling for speed maximization with a dedicated novel actuator concept denoted Bi-Stiffness Actuation. With this, it is possible to fully decouple the link from the joint mechanism by a switch-and-hold clutch and simultaneously keep the elastic energy stored. We show that with this novel paradigm, it is not only possible to reach the same optimal performance as with power-equivalent variable stiffness actuation, but even directly control the energy transfer timing. This is a major step forward compared to previous optimal control approaches, which rely on optimizing the full time-series control input.

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss in the world, and early DR detection is necessary to prevent vision loss and support an appropriate treatment. In this work, we leverage interactive machine learning and introduce a joint learning framework, termed DRG-Net, to effectively learn both disease grading and multi-lesion segmentation. Our DRG-Net consists of two modules: (i) DRG-AI-System to classify DR Grading, localize lesion areas, and provide visual explanations; (ii) DRG-Expert-Interaction to receive feedback from user-expert and improve the DRG-AI-System. To deal with sparse data, we utilize transfer learning mechanisms to extract invariant feature representations by using Wasserstein distance and adversarial learning-based entropy minimization. Besides, we propose a novel attention strategy at both low- and high-level features to automatically select the most significant lesion information and provide explainable properties. In terms of human interaction, we further develop DRG-Net as a tool that enables expert users to correct the system's predictions, which may then be used to update the system as a whole. Moreover, thanks to the attention mechanism and loss functions constraint between lesion features and classification features, our approach can be robust given a certain level of noise in the feedback of users. We have benchmarked DRG-Net on the two largest DR datasets, i.e., IDRID and FGADR, and compared it to various state-of-the-art deep learning networks. In addition to outperforming other SOTA approaches, DRG-Net is effectively updated using user feedback, even in a weakly-supervised manner.

In this work a novel recommender system (RS) for Tourism is presented. The RS is context aware as is now the rule in the state-of-the-art for recommender systems and works on top of a tourism ontology which is used to group the different items being offered. The presented RS mixes different types of recommenders creating an ensemble which changes on the basis of the RS's maturity. Starting from simple content-based recommendations and iteratively adding popularity, demographic and collaborative filtering methods as rating density and user cardinality increases. The result is a RS that mutates during its lifetime and uses a tourism ontology and natural language processing (NLP) to correctly bin the items to specific item categories and meta categories in the ontology. This item classification facilitates the association between user preferences and items, as well as allowing to better classify and group the items being offered, which in turn is particularly useful for context-aware filtering.