In order to avoid conventional controlling methods which created obstacles due to the complexity of systems and intense demand on data density, developing modern and more efficient control methods are required. In this way, reinforcement learning off-policy and model-free algorithms help to avoid working with complex models. In terms of speed and accuracy, they become prominent methods because the algorithms use their past experience to learn the optimal policies. In this study, three reinforcement learning algorithms; DDPG, TD3 and SAC have been used to train Fetch robotic manipulator for four different tasks in MuJoCo simulation environment. All of these algorithms are off-policy and able to achieve their desired target by optimizing both policy and value functions. In the current study, the efficiency and the speed of these three algorithms are analyzed in a controlled environment.

Visual language such as charts and plots is ubiquitous in the human world. Comprehending plots and charts requires strong reasoning skills. Prior state-of-the-art (SOTA) models require at least tens of thousands of training examples and their reasoning capabilities are still much limited, especially on complex human-written queries. This paper presents the first one-shot solution to visual language reasoning. We decompose the challenge of visual language reasoning into two steps: (1) plot-to-text translation, and (2) reasoning over the translated text. The key in this method is a modality conversion module, named as DePlot, which translates the image of a plot or chart to a linearized table. The output of DePlot can then be directly used to prompt a pretrained large language model (LLM), exploiting the few-shot reasoning capabilities of LLMs. To obtain DePlot, we standardize the plot-to-table task by establishing unified task formats and metrics, and train DePlot end-to-end on this task. DePlot can then be used off-the-shelf together with LLMs in a plug-and-play fashion. Compared with a SOTA model finetuned on more than >28k data points, DePlot+LLM with just one-shot prompting achieves a 24.0% improvement over finetuned SOTA on human-written queries from the task of chart QA.

Visual language data such as plots, charts, and infographics are ubiquitous in the human world. However, state-of-the-art vision-language models do not perform well on these data. We propose MatCha (Math reasoning and Chart derendering pretraining) to enhance visual language models' capabilities in jointly modeling charts/plots and language data. Specifically, we propose several pretraining tasks that cover plot deconstruction and numerical reasoning which are the key capabilities in visual language modeling. We perform the MatCha pretraining starting from Pix2Struct, a recently proposed image-to-text visual language model. On standard benchmarks such as PlotQA and ChartQA, the MatCha model outperforms state-of-the-art methods by as much as nearly 20%. We also examine how well MatCha pretraining transfers to domains such as screenshots, textbook diagrams, and document figures and observe overall improvement, verifying the usefulness of MatCha pretraining on broader visual language tasks.

为了促进任务对话框中的零拍概括，本文建议语言模型作为数据（LAD）。LAD是创建各种准确的合成数据的范式，该数据传达了必要的结构约束，可用于训练下游神经对话模型。LAD利用GPT-3诱导语言多样性。LAD在意图预测（+15％），插槽填充（+31.4 f-1）和下一个动作预测（+11 F1）上，在零拍设置中获得了显着的性能增长。此外，互动的人类评估表明，与LAD的培训具有在人类对话中的培训竞争。LAD是开源的，并在https://github.com/shikib/lad上获得了代码和数据。

自然语言处理的最新进展在文本分析和语言理解模型中产生了许多令人兴奋的发展。但是，这些模型也可以用于跟踪人们，引起严重的隐私问题。在这项工作中，我们调查了个人可以在使用社交媒体平台时避免被这些模型检测到的事情。我们将调查在两项曝光危险任务，立场检测和地理标记中进行。我们探索了各种用于修改文本的简单技术，例如用显着词，​​释义和添加虚拟社交媒体帖子插入错别字。我们的实验表明，基于BERT的模型的性能因错别字而被罚款以进行立场检测，但不受释义的影响。此外，我们发现错别字对最先进的地理参考模型的影响最小，因为它们对社交网络的依赖增加了。但是，我们表明用户可以通过与不同的用户互动来欺骗这些模型，从而将其绩效降低了近50％。

我们呈现了名字，一个从英语维基百科和新闻文章中获得的暧昧名称的实体的数据集。它由4148个独特实体的58862提到和他们的名称：来自News的1000个提到，来自Wikipedia关于实体的文章28843，以及29019维基百科反向链接提到。名称应该有助于为命名实体链接的任务建立具有挑战性的基准（NEL）。