随着数字时代的出现，由于技术进步，每天的任务都是自动化的。但是，技术尚未为人们提供足够的工具和保障措施。随着互联网连接全球越来越多的设备，确保连接设备的问题以均匀的螺旋速率增长。数据盗窃，身份盗窃，欺诈交易，密码妥协和系统漏洞正在成为常规的日常新闻。最近的人工智能进步引起了网络攻击的激烈威胁。 AI几乎应用于不同科学和工程的每个领域。 AI的干预不仅可以使特定任务自动化，而且可以提高效率。因此，很明显，如此美味的传播对网络犯罪分子来说是非常开胃的。因此，传统的网络威胁和攻击现在是``智能威胁''。本文讨论了网络安全和网络威胁，以及传统和智能的防御方式，以防止网络攻击。最终，结束讨论，以潜在的潜在前景结束讨论AI网络安全。

The number of international benchmarking competitions is steadily increasing in various fields of machine learning (ML) research and practice. So far, however, little is known about the common practice as well as bottlenecks faced by the community in tackling the research questions posed. To shed light on the status quo of algorithm development in the specific field of biomedical imaging analysis, we designed an international survey that was issued to all participants of challenges conducted in conjunction with the IEEE ISBI 2021 and MICCAI 2021 conferences (80 competitions in total). The survey covered participants' expertise and working environments, their chosen strategies, as well as algorithm characteristics. A median of 72% challenge participants took part in the survey. According to our results, knowledge exchange was the primary incentive (70%) for participation, while the reception of prize money played only a minor role (16%). While a median of 80 working hours was spent on method development, a large portion of participants stated that they did not have enough time for method development (32%). 25% perceived the infrastructure to be a bottleneck. Overall, 94% of all solutions were deep learning-based. Of these, 84% were based on standard architectures. 43% of the respondents reported that the data samples (e.g., images) were too large to be processed at once. This was most commonly addressed by patch-based training (69%), downsampling (37%), and solving 3D analysis tasks as a series of 2D tasks. K-fold cross-validation on the training set was performed by only 37% of the participants and only 50% of the participants performed ensembling based on multiple identical models (61%) or heterogeneous models (39%). 48% of the respondents applied postprocessing steps.

The adversarial input generation problem has become central in establishing the robustness and trustworthiness of deep neural nets, especially when they are used in safety-critical application domains such as autonomous vehicles and precision medicine. This is also practically challenging for multiple reasons-scalability is a common issue owing to large-sized networks, and the generated adversarial inputs often lack important qualities such as naturalness and output-impartiality. We relate this problem to the task of patching neural nets, i.e. applying small changes in some of the network$'$s weights so that the modified net satisfies a given property. Intuitively, a patch can be used to produce an adversarial input because the effect of changing the weights can also be brought about by changing the inputs instead. This work presents a novel technique to patch neural networks and an innovative approach of using it to produce perturbations of inputs which are adversarial for the original net. We note that the proposed solution is significantly more effective than the prior state-of-the-art techniques.

Large language models (LLMs) have been shown to be able to perform new tasks based on a few demonstrations or natural language instructions. While these capabilities have led to widespread adoption, most LLMs are developed by resource-rich organizations and are frequently kept from the public. As a step towards democratizing this powerful technology, we present BLOOM, a 176B-parameter open-access language model designed and built thanks to a collaboration of hundreds of researchers. BLOOM is a decoder-only Transformer language model that was trained on the ROOTS corpus, a dataset comprising hundreds of sources in 46 natural and 13 programming languages (59 in total). We find that BLOOM achieves competitive performance on a wide variety of benchmarks, with stronger results after undergoing multitask prompted finetuning. To facilitate future research and applications using LLMs, we publicly release our models and code under the Responsible AI License.

Deep Ensemble Convolutional Neural Networks has become a methodology of choice for analyzing medical images with a diagnostic performance comparable to a physician, including the diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy. However, commonly used techniques are deterministic and are therefore unable to provide any estimate of predictive uncertainty. Quantifying model uncertainty is crucial for reducing the risk of misdiagnosis. A reliable architecture should be well-calibrated to avoid over-confident predictions. To address this, we propose a UATTA-ENS: Uncertainty-Aware Test-Time Augmented Ensemble Technique for 5 Class PIRC Diabetic Retinopathy Classification to produce reliable and well-calibrated predictions.

小型模块化反应堆的概念改变了解决未来能源危机的前景。考虑到其较低的投资要求，模块化，设计简单性和增强的安全功能，这种新的反应堆技术非常有希望。人工智能驱动的多尺度建模（中子，热液压，燃料性能等）在小型模块化反应堆的研究中纳入了数字双胞胎和相关的不确定性。在这项工作中，进行了一项关于耐亡燃料的多尺度建模的全面研究。探索了这些燃料在轻水的小型模块化反应堆中的应用。本章还重点介绍了机器学习和人工智能在设计优化，控制和监视小型模块反应器中的应用。最后，简要评估了有关人工智能在高燃烧复合事故耐受燃料的发展中的研究差距。还讨论了实现这些差距的必要行动。

上下文：大数据的有效处理是SQL和NOSQL数据库的一项具有挑战性的任务，在这种数据库中，有效的软件体系结构起着至关重要的作用。 SQL数据库设计用于构建数据和支持垂直可扩展性。相反，水平可伸缩性由NOSQL数据库支持，并且可以有效地处理较大的非结构化数据。可以根据组织的需求选择正确的范式；但是，做出正确的选择通常可能具有挑战性。 SQL和NOSQL数据库遵循不同的体系结构。同样，混合模型之后是NOSQL数据库的每个类别。因此，对于多个云服务提供商（CSP）的云消费者来说，数据移动变得困难。此外，每个云平台IAAS，PAAS，SaaS和DBAAS还监视各种范式。目的：该系统文献综述（SLR）旨在研究与SQL和NOSQL数据库软件体系结构相关的相关文章，并解决各种云平台之间的数据可移植性和互操作性。最新的状态通过观察缩放，性能，可用性，一致性和分片特性，介绍了SQL和NOSQL数据库的许多性能比较研究。根据研究研究，NOSQL数据库设计的结构可以是大数据分析的正确选择，而SQL数据库适合OLTP数据库。研究人员提出了许多与云中数据流动相关的方法。开发了基于平台的API，这使用户的数据移动变得困难。因此，在跨多个CSP的数据移动期间发现了数据可移植性和互操作性问题。为了最大程度地减少开发人员的努力和互操作性，要求统一的API使数据移动在各种云平台之间相对易于访问。

在过去的十年中，基于深度学习的算法在遥感图像分析的不同领域中广泛流行。最近，最初在自然语言处理中引入的基于变形金刚的体系结构遍布计算机视觉领域，在该字段中，自我发挥的机制已被用作替代流行的卷积操作员来捕获长期依赖性。受到计算机视觉的最新进展的启发，遥感社区还见证了对各种任务的视觉变压器的探索。尽管许多调查都集中在计算机视觉中的变压器上，但据我们所知，我们是第一个对基于遥感中变压器的最新进展进行系统评价的人。我们的调查涵盖了60多种基于变形金刚的60多种方法，用于遥感子方面的不同遥感问题：非常高分辨率（VHR），高光谱（HSI）和合成孔径雷达（SAR）图像。我们通过讨论遥感中变压器的不同挑战和开放问题来结束调查。此外，我们打算在遥感论文中频繁更新和维护最新的变压器，及其各自的代码：https：//github.com/virobo-15/transformer-in-in-remote-sensing

社交网络的快速发展以及互联网可用性的便利性加剧了虚假新闻和社交媒体网站上的谣言的泛滥。在共同19的流行病中，这种误导性信息通过使人们的身心生命处于危险之中，从而加剧了这种情况。为了限制这种不准确性的传播，从在线平台上确定虚假新闻可能是第一步。在这项研究中，作者通过实施了五个基于变压器的模型，例如Bert，Bert没有LSTM，Albert，Roberta和Bert＆Albert的混合体，以检测Internet的Covid 19欺诈新闻。Covid 19假新闻数据集已用于培训和测试模型。在所有这些模型中，Roberta模型的性能优于其他模型，通过在真实和虚假类中获得0.98的F1分数。

从纯图像和具有对比性损失的纯图像和文本预测的自我监督的视觉语言是有效的，但是由于双流式体系结构仅在全球层面上与图像和文本表示形式对齐，因此忽略了细粒度​​的对齐。早些时候，受监督的，非对比度的方法具有更细粒度的对齐方式，但需要致密的注释，这些注释不可伸缩。我们提出了一个单个流体系结构，该体系结构使用两个新颖的任务：对称交叉模式重建（XMM）和一个伪标记的关键字预测，将图像和语言对齐：全局，细粒度的补丁和概念/语义（PSL）。在XMM中，我们从一种模态掩盖了输入令牌，并使用跨模式信息重建掩盖的令牌，从而改善了两种模式之间的细粒度对齐。在PSL中，我们使用注意力在标题中选择关键字，使用动量编码器推荐标题中缺少但在图像中表示的其他重要关键字，然后训练视觉编码器以预测这些关键字的存在，并帮助它。学习对于将文本令牌接地到图像区域至关重要的语义概念。我们证明了对图像文本检索，接地，视觉问题的回答/推理的竞争性能和提高的数据效率，以针对对更多数据进行培训的较大模型和模型。 Zaidkhan.me/simla上可用的代码和型号。