Recent research has reported a performance degradation in self-supervised contrastive learning for specially designed efficient networks, such as MobileNet and EfficientNet. A common practice to address this problem is to introduce a pretrained contrastive teacher model and train the lightweight networks with distillation signals generated by the teacher. However, it is time and resource consuming to pretrain a teacher model when it is not available. In this work, we aim to establish a stronger baseline for lightweight contrastive models without using a pretrained teacher model. Specifically, we show that the optimal recipe for efficient models is different from that of larger models, and using the same training settings as ResNet50, as previous research does, is inappropriate. Additionally, we observe a common issu e in contrastive learning where either the positive or negative views can be noisy, and propose a smoothed version of InfoNCE loss to alleviate this problem. As a result, we successfully improve the linear evaluation results from 36.3\% to 62.3\% for MobileNet-V3-Large and from 42.2\% to 65.8\% for EfficientNet-B0 on ImageNet, closing the accuracy gap to ResNet50 with $5\times$ fewer parameters. We hope our research will facilitate the usage of lightweight contrastive models.

Dialogue state tracking (DST) aims to convert the dialogue history into dialogue states which consist of slot-value pairs. As condensed structural information memorizing all history information, the dialogue state in the last turn is typically adopted as the input for predicting the current state by DST models. However, these models tend to keep the predicted slot values unchanged, which is defined as state momentum in this paper. Specifically, the models struggle to update slot values that need to be changed and correct wrongly predicted slot values in the last turn. To this end, we propose MoNET to tackle state momentum via noise-enhanced training. First, the previous state of each turn in the training data is noised via replacing some of its slot values. Then, the noised previous state is used as the input to learn to predict the current state, improving the model's ability to update and correct slot values. Furthermore, a contrastive context matching framework is designed to narrow the representation distance between a state and its corresponding noised variant, which reduces the impact of noised state and makes the model better understand the dialogue history. Experimental results on MultiWOZ datasets show that MoNET outperforms previous DST methods. Ablations and analysis verify the effectiveness of MoNET in alleviating state momentum and improving anti-noise ability.

个性化联合学习（FL）促进了多个客户之间的合作，以学习个性化模型而无需共享私人数据。该机制减轻了系统中通常遇到的统计异质性，即不同客户端的非IID数据。现有的个性化算法通常假设所有客户自愿进行个性化。但是，潜在的参与者可能仍然不愿个性化模型，因为他们可能无法正常工作。在这种情况下，客户选择使用全局模型。为了避免做出不切实际的假设，我们介绍了个性化率，该率是愿意培训个性化模型，将其介绍给联合设置并提出DYPFL的客户的比例。这种动态个性化的FL技术激励客户参与个性化本地模型，同时允许在整体模型表现更好时采用全球模型。我们表明，DYPFL中的算法管道可以保证良好的收敛性能，从而使其在广泛的条件下优于替代性个性化方法，包括异质性，客户端数量，本地时期和批量尺寸的变化。

We solve a fundamental challenge in semiconductor IC design: the fast and accurate characterization of nanoscale photonic devices. Much like the fusion between AI and EDA, many efforts have been made to apply DNNs such as convolutional neural networks (CNN) to prototype and characterize next-gen optoelectronic devices commonly found in photonic integrated circuits (PIC) and LiDAR. These prior works generally strive to predict the quality factor (Q) and modal volume (V) of for instance, photonic crystals, with ultra-high accuracy and speed. However, state-of-the-art models are still far from being directly applicable in the real-world: e.g. the correlation coefficient of V ($V_{coeff}$ ) is only about 80%, which is much lower than what it takes to generate reliable and reproducible nanophotonic designs. Recently, attention-based transformer models have attracted extensive interests and been widely used in CV and NLP. In this work, we propose the first-ever Transformer model (POViT) to efficiently design and simulate semiconductor photonic devices with multiple objectives. Unlike the standard Vision Transformer (ViT), we supplied photonic crystals as data input and changed the activation layer from GELU to an absolute-value function (ABS). Our experiments show that POViT exceeds results reported by previous models significantly. The correlation coefficient $V_{coeff}$ increases by over 12% (i.e., to 92.0%) and the prediction errors of Q is reduced by an order of magnitude, among several other key metric improvements. Our work has the potential to drive the expansion of EDA to fully automated photonic design. The complete dataset and code will be released to aid researchers endeavoring in the interdisciplinary field of physics and computer science.

联合学习是一个分布式机器学习机制，本地设备在中央服务器的编排中协作培训共享全局模型，同时保留所有私有数据分散。在系统中，传输模型参数及其更新而不是原始数据，因此通信瓶颈已成为一个关键挑战。此外，近期的较大和更深层次的机器学习模型也在将它们部署到联邦环境中的困难造成更多困难。在本文中，我们设计了一个联合的两阶段学习框架，即在设备上使用切割层增强了原型联合学习，并使用基于符号的随机梯度下降与大多数投票方法进行模型更新。剪切图层在设备上学习本地原始数据的信息和低维表示，有助于减少全局模型参数并防止数据泄漏。基于符号的SGD与大多数投票方式进行模型更新，也有助于缓解通信限制。凭经验，我们表明我们的系统是一种有效和隐私，保留联合学习计划和适用于一般应用方案的诉讼。

在本文中，我们考虑点击率（CTR）预测问题。因子化机器及其变体考虑配对特征交互，但通常我们不会由于高时间复杂度而使用FM进行高阶功能交互。鉴于许多领域的深度神经网络（DNN）的成功，研究人员提出了几种基于DNN的模型来学习高阶功能交互。已广泛用于从功能嵌入到最终登录的功能嵌入的可靠映射，从而广泛使用多层。在本文中，我们的目标是更多地探索这些高阶功能的交互。然而，高阶特征互动值得更加关注和进一步发展。灵感来自计算机愿景中密集连接的卷积网络（DENSENET）的巨大成就，我们提出了一种新颖的模型，称为殷勤基于DENENET的分解机（ADNFM）。 ADNFM可以通过使用前馈神经网络的所有隐藏层作为隐式的高阶功能来提取更全面的深度功能，然后通过注意机制选择主导特征。此外，使用DNN的隐式方式的高阶交互比以明确的方式更具成本效益，例如在FM中。两个真实数据集的广泛实验表明，所提出的模型可以有效地提高CTR预测的性能。

Unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) for semantic segmentation is a promising task freeing people from heavy annotation work. However, domain discrepancies in low-level image statistics and high-level contexts compromise the segmentation performance over the target domain. A key idea to tackle this problem is to perform both image-level and feature-level adaptation jointly. Unfortunately, there is a lack of such unified approaches for UDA tasks in the existing literature. This paper proposes a novel UDA pipeline for semantic segmentation that unifies image-level and feature-level adaptation. Concretely, for image-level domain shifts, we propose a global photometric alignment module and a global texture alignment module that align images in the source and target domains in terms of image-level properties. For feature-level domain shifts, we perform global manifold alignment by projecting pixel features from both domains onto the feature manifold of the source domain; and we further regularize category centers in the source domain through a category-oriented triplet loss and perform target domain consistency regularization over augmented target domain images. Experimental results demonstrate that our pipeline significantly outperforms previous methods. In the commonly tested GTA5$\rightarrow$Cityscapes task, our proposed method using Deeplab V3+ as the backbone surpasses previous SOTA by 8%, achieving 58.2% in mIoU.

Compressed videos often exhibit visually annoying artifacts, known as Perceivable Encoding Artifacts (PEAs), which dramatically degrade video visual quality. Subjective and objective measures capable of identifying and quantifying various types of PEAs are critical in improving visual quality. In this paper, we investigate the influence of four spatial PEAs (i.e. blurring, blocking, bleeding, and ringing) and two temporal PEAs (i.e. flickering and floating) on video quality. For spatial artifacts, we propose a visual saliency model with a low computational cost and higher consistency with human visual perception. In terms of temporal artifacts, self-attention based TimeSFormer is improved to detect temporal artifacts. Based on the six types of PEAs, a quality metric called Saliency-Aware Spatio-Temporal Artifacts Measurement (SSTAM) is proposed. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art metrics. We believe that SSTAM will be beneficial for optimizing video coding techniques.

Image Virtual try-on aims at replacing the cloth on a personal image with a garment image (in-shop clothes), which has attracted increasing attention from the multimedia and computer vision communities. Prior methods successfully preserve the character of clothing images, however, occlusion remains a pernicious effect for realistic virtual try-on. In this work, we first present a comprehensive analysis of the occlusions and categorize them into two aspects: i) Inherent-Occlusion: the ghost of the former cloth still exists in the try-on image; ii) Acquired-Occlusion: the target cloth warps to the unreasonable body part. Based on the in-depth analysis, we find that the occlusions can be simulated by a novel semantically-guided mixup module, which can generate semantic-specific occluded images that work together with the try-on images to facilitate training a de-occlusion try-on (DOC-VTON) framework. Specifically, DOC-VTON first conducts a sharpened semantic parsing on the try-on person. Aided by semantics guidance and pose prior, various complexities of texture are selectively blending with human parts in a copy-and-paste manner. Then, the Generative Module (GM) is utilized to take charge of synthesizing the final try-on image and learning to de-occlusion jointly. In comparison to the state-of-the-art methods, DOC-VTON achieves better perceptual quality by reducing occlusion effects.

Panoptic Part Segmentation (PPS) unifies panoptic segmentation and part segmentation into one task. Previous works utilize separated approaches to handle thing, stuff, and part predictions without shared computation and task association. We aim to unify these tasks at the architectural level, designing the first end-to-end unified framework named Panoptic-PartFormer. Moreover, we find the previous metric PartPQ biases to PQ. To handle both issues, we make the following contributions: Firstly, we design a meta-architecture that decouples part feature and things/stuff feature, respectively. We model things, stuff, and parts as object queries and directly learn to optimize all three forms of prediction as a unified mask prediction and classification problem. We term our model as Panoptic-PartFormer. Secondly, we propose a new metric Part-Whole Quality (PWQ) to better measure such task from both pixel-region and part-whole perspectives. It can also decouple the error for part segmentation and panoptic segmentation. Thirdly, inspired by Mask2Former, based on our meta-architecture, we propose Panoptic-PartFormer++ and design a new part-whole cross attention scheme to further boost part segmentation qualities. We design a new part-whole interaction method using masked cross attention. Finally, the extensive ablation studies and analysis demonstrate the effectiveness of both Panoptic-PartFormer and Panoptic-PartFormer++. Compared with previous Panoptic-PartFormer, our Panoptic-PartFormer++ achieves 2% PartPQ and 3% PWQ improvements on the Cityscapes PPS dataset and 5% PartPQ on the Pascal Context PPS dataset. On both datasets, Panoptic-PartFormer++ achieves new state-of-the-art results with a significant cost drop of 70% on GFlops and 50% on parameters. Our models can serve as a strong baseline and aid future research in PPS. Code will be available.