基于图的异常检测已被广泛用于检测现实世界应用中的恶意活动。迄今为止，现有的解决此问题的尝试集中在二进制分类制度中的结构特征工程或学习上。在这项工作中，我们建议利用图形对比编码，并提出监督的GCCAD模型，以将异常节点与正常节点的距离与全球环境（例如所有节点的平均值）相比。为了使用稀缺标签处理场景，我们通过设计用于生成合成节点标签的图形损坏策略，进一步使GCCAD成为一个自制的框架。为了实现对比目标，我们设计了一个图形神经网络编码器，该编码器可以在消息传递过程中推断并进一步删除可疑链接，并了解输入图的全局上下文。我们在四个公共数据集上进行了广泛的实验，表明1）GCCAD显着且始终如一地超过各种高级基线，2）其自我监督版本没有微调可以通过其完全监督的版本来实现可比性的性能。

本文迈出了从实验中学习的逻辑的第一步。为此，我们调查了建模因果和（定性）认知推理的相互作用的正式框架。对于我们的方法至关重要是一种干预概念的想法，可以用作（真实或假设的）实验的正式表达。在第一步中，我们将众所周知的因果模型与代理人的认知状态的简单HITIKKA样式表示。在生成的设置中，不仅可以对关于变量值的知识以及干预措施如何影响它们，而且可以对其进行交谈，而且还可以谈论知识更新。由此产生的逻辑可以模拟关于思想实验的推理。但是，它无法解释从实验中学习，这显然是由它验证干预措施没有学习原则的事实。因此，在第二步中，我们实现更复杂的知识概念，该知识概念允许代理在进行实验时观察（测量）某些变量。该扩展系统确实允许从实验中学习。对于所有提出的逻辑系统，我们提供了一种声音和完整的公理化。

图表的稀疏表示已经提出了加速传统计算架构（CPU，GPU或TPU）上的图形应用程序（例如社交网络，知识图表）计算的巨大潜力。但是探索计算内存（PIM）平台上的大规模稀疏图计算（通常具有忆内横梁）仍处于起步阶段。当我们期望在Memristive Crossbars上实现大规模或批量图的计算或存储时，自然假设是我们需要大规模的横梁，但利用率低。一些最近的作品已经质疑这种假设，以避免通过“块分区”浪费存储和计算资源，这是固定尺寸的，逐渐预定的或粗粒，因此在我们的观点中没有有效地稀疏。该工作提出了动态稀疏感知映射方案，其将问题模拟作为通过加强学习（RL）算法（R1）算法解决的顺序决策问题。我们的生成模型（LSTM，与我们的动态填充机制相结合）在小规模的典型图形/矩阵数据（具有完全映射的原始矩阵的43％面积）上产生显着的映射性能，以及两个大规模矩阵数据（22.5 QH882的％面积，QH1484上的17.1％面积）。此外，我们该方案的编码框架是直观的，并且对部署或编译系统具有有希望的适应性。

可微分的架构搜索逐渐成为神经结构中的主流研究主题，以实现与早期NAS（基于EA的RL的）方法相比提高效率的能力。最近的可分辨率NAS还旨在进一步提高搜索效率，降低GPU记忆消耗，并解决“深度间隙”问题。然而，这些方法不再能够解决非微弱目标，更不用说多目标，例如性能，鲁棒性，效率和其他指标。我们提出了一个端到端的架构搜索框架，朝向非微弱的目标TND-NAS，具有在多目标NAs（MNA）中的不同NAS框架中的高效率的优点和兼容性的兼容性（MNA）。在可分辨率的NAS框架下，随着搜索空间的连续放松，TND-NAS具有在离散空间中优化的架构参数（$ \ alpha $），同时通过$ \ alpha $逐步缩小超缩小的搜索策略。我们的代表性实验需要两个目标（参数，准确性），例如，我们在CIFAR10上实现了一系列高性能紧凑型架构（1.09米/ 3.3％，2.4M / 2.95％，9.57M / 2.54％）和CIFAR100（2.46 M / 18.3％，5.46 / 16.73％，12.88 / 15.20％）数据集。有利地，在现实世界的情景下（资源受限，平台专用），TND-NA可以方便地达到Pareto-Optimal解决方案。

Few Shot Instance Segmentation (FSIS) requires models to detect and segment novel classes with limited several support examples. In this work, we explore a simple yet unified solution for FSIS as well as its incremental variants, and introduce a new framework named Reference Twice (RefT) to fully explore the relationship between support/query features based on a Transformer-like framework. Our key insights are two folds: Firstly, with the aid of support masks, we can generate dynamic class centers more appropriately to re-weight query features. Secondly, we find that support object queries have already encoded key factors after base training. In this way, the query features can be enhanced twice from two aspects, i.e., feature-level and instance-level. In particular, we firstly design a mask-based dynamic weighting module to enhance support features and then propose to link object queries for better calibration via cross-attention. After the above steps, the novel classes can be improved significantly over our strong baseline. Additionally, our new framework can be easily extended to incremental FSIS with minor modification. When benchmarking results on the COCO dataset for FSIS, gFSIS, and iFSIS settings, our method achieves a competitive performance compared to existing approaches across different shots, e.g., we boost nAP by noticeable +8.2/+9.4 over the current state-of-the-art FSIS method for 10/30-shot. We further demonstrate the superiority of our approach on Few Shot Object Detection. Code and model will be available.

In this chapter, we review and discuss the transformation of AI technology in HCI/UX work and assess how AI technology will change how we do the work. We first discuss how AI can be used to enhance the result of user research and design evaluation. We then discuss how AI technology can be used to enhance HCI/UX design. Finally, we discuss how AI-enabled capabilities can improve UX when users interact with computing systems, applications, and services.

As one of the most important psychic stress reactions, micro-expressions (MEs), are spontaneous and transient facial expressions that can reveal the genuine emotions of human beings. Thus, recognizing MEs (MER) automatically is becoming increasingly crucial in the field of affective computing, and provides essential technical support in lie detection, psychological analysis and other areas. However, the lack of abundant ME data seriously restricts the development of cutting-edge data-driven MER models. Despite the recent efforts of several spontaneous ME datasets to alleviate this problem, it is still a tiny amount of work. To solve the problem of ME data hunger, we construct a dynamic spontaneous ME dataset with the largest current ME data scale, called DFME (Dynamic Facial Micro-expressions), which includes 7,526 well-labeled ME videos induced by 671 participants and annotated by more than 20 annotators throughout three years. Afterwards, we adopt four classical spatiotemporal feature learning models on DFME to perform MER experiments to objectively verify the validity of DFME dataset. In addition, we explore different solutions to the class imbalance and key-frame sequence sampling problems in dynamic MER respectively on DFME, so as to provide a valuable reference for future research. The comprehensive experimental results show that our DFME dataset can facilitate the research of automatic MER, and provide a new benchmark for MER. DFME will be published via https://mea-lab-421.github.io.

Face Anti-spoofing (FAS) is essential to secure face recognition systems from various physical attacks. However, recent research generally focuses on short-distance applications (i.e., phone unlocking) while lacking consideration of long-distance scenes (i.e., surveillance security checks). In order to promote relevant research and fill this gap in the community, we collect a large-scale Surveillance High-Fidelity Mask (SuHiFiMask) dataset captured under 40 surveillance scenes, which has 101 subjects from different age groups with 232 3D attacks (high-fidelity masks), 200 2D attacks (posters, portraits, and screens), and 2 adversarial attacks. In this scene, low image resolution and noise interference are new challenges faced in surveillance FAS. Together with the SuHiFiMask dataset, we propose a Contrastive Quality-Invariance Learning (CQIL) network to alleviate the performance degradation caused by image quality from three aspects: (1) An Image Quality Variable module (IQV) is introduced to recover image information associated with discrimination by combining the super-resolution network. (2) Using generated sample pairs to simulate quality variance distributions to help contrastive learning strategies obtain robust feature representation under quality variation. (3) A Separate Quality Network (SQN) is designed to learn discriminative features independent of image quality. Finally, a large number of experiments verify the quality of the SuHiFiMask dataset and the superiority of the proposed CQIL.

When using LiDAR semantic segmentation models for safety-critical applications such as autonomous driving, it is essential to understand and improve their robustness with respect to a large range of LiDAR corruptions. In this paper, we aim to comprehensively analyze the robustness of LiDAR semantic segmentation models under various corruptions. To rigorously evaluate the robustness and generalizability of current approaches, we propose a new benchmark called SemanticKITTI-C, which features 16 out-of-domain LiDAR corruptions in three groups, namely adverse weather, measurement noise and cross-device discrepancy. Then, we systematically investigate 11 LiDAR semantic segmentation models, especially spanning different input representations (e.g., point clouds, voxels, projected images, and etc.), network architectures and training schemes. Through this study, we obtain two insights: 1) We find out that the input representation plays a crucial role in robustness. Specifically, under specific corruptions, different representations perform variously. 2) Although state-of-the-art methods on LiDAR semantic segmentation achieve promising results on clean data, they are less robust when dealing with noisy data. Finally, based on the above observations, we design a robust LiDAR segmentation model (RLSeg) which greatly boosts the robustness with simple but effective modifications. It is promising that our benchmark, comprehensive analysis, and observations can boost future research in robust LiDAR semantic segmentation for safety-critical applications.

Panoptic Part Segmentation (PPS) unifies panoptic segmentation and part segmentation into one task. Previous works utilize separated approaches to handle thing, stuff, and part predictions without shared computation and task association. We aim to unify these tasks at the architectural level, designing the first end-to-end unified framework named Panoptic-PartFormer. Moreover, we find the previous metric PartPQ biases to PQ. To handle both issues, we make the following contributions: Firstly, we design a meta-architecture that decouples part feature and things/stuff feature, respectively. We model things, stuff, and parts as object queries and directly learn to optimize all three forms of prediction as a unified mask prediction and classification problem. We term our model as Panoptic-PartFormer. Secondly, we propose a new metric Part-Whole Quality (PWQ) to better measure such task from both pixel-region and part-whole perspectives. It can also decouple the error for part segmentation and panoptic segmentation. Thirdly, inspired by Mask2Former, based on our meta-architecture, we propose Panoptic-PartFormer++ and design a new part-whole cross attention scheme to further boost part segmentation qualities. We design a new part-whole interaction method using masked cross attention. Finally, the extensive ablation studies and analysis demonstrate the effectiveness of both Panoptic-PartFormer and Panoptic-PartFormer++. Compared with previous Panoptic-PartFormer, our Panoptic-PartFormer++ achieves 2% PartPQ and 3% PWQ improvements on the Cityscapes PPS dataset and 5% PartPQ on the Pascal Context PPS dataset. On both datasets, Panoptic-PartFormer++ achieves new state-of-the-art results with a significant cost drop of 70% on GFlops and 50% on parameters. Our models can serve as a strong baseline and aid future research in PPS. Code will be available.