Camouflaged objects are seamlessly blended in with their surroundings, which brings a challenging detection task in computer vision. Optimizing a convolutional neural network (CNN) for camouflaged object detection (COD) tends to activate local discriminative regions while ignoring complete object extent, causing the partial activation issue which inevitably leads to missing or redundant regions of objects. In this paper, we argue that partial activation is caused by the intrinsic characteristics of CNN, where the convolution operations produce local receptive fields and experience difficulty to capture long-range feature dependency among image regions. In order to obtain feature maps that could activate full object extent, keeping the segmental results from being overwhelmed by noisy features, a novel framework termed Cross-Model Detail Querying network (DQnet) is proposed. It reasons the relations between long-range-aware representations and multi-scale local details to make the enhanced representation fully highlight the object regions and eliminate noise on non-object regions. Specifically, a vanilla ViT pretrained with self-supervised learning (SSL) is employed to model long-range dependencies among image regions. A ResNet is employed to enable learning fine-grained spatial local details in multiple scales. Then, to effectively retrieve object-related details, a Relation-Based Querying (RBQ) module is proposed to explore window-based interactions between the global representations and the multi-scale local details. Extensive experiments are conducted on the widely used COD datasets and show that our DQnet outperforms the current state-of-the-arts.

边界盒注释表单是可视对象本地化任务最常用的方法。然而，边界盒注释依赖于大量的精确注释的边界盒，这是昂贵的，艰苦的，因此在实际情况下是不可能的，对于某些应用而言，关心尺寸的一些应用甚至是多余的。因此，我们通过将每个人作为粗略点（COARSOPPOINT）向每个人提供注释来提出一种基于点的基于点的框架，该框架可以是对象范围内的任何点，而不是精确的边界框。然后将该人的位置预测为图像中的2D坐标。大大简化了数据注释管道。然而，COARSOUNTPOINT注释不可避免地导致标签可靠性降低（标签不确定性）和训练期间的网络混淆。因此，我们提出了一种点自我细化方法，它以自重节奏的方式迭代地更新点注释。拟议的细化系统减轻了标签不确定性，逐步提高了本地化绩效。实验表明，我们的方法可实现对象本地化性能，同时保存注释成本高达80 $ \％$。代码括在补充材料中。

现有的神经结构搜索算法主要在具有短距离连接的搜索空间上。我们争辩说，这种设计虽然安全稳定，障碍搜索算法从探索更复杂的情景。在本文中，我们在具有长距离连接的复杂搜索空间上构建搜索算法，并显示现有的权重共享搜索算法由于存在\ TextBF {交织连接}而大部分失败。基于观察，我们介绍了一个名为\ textbf {if-nas}的简单且有效的算法，在那里我们在搜索过程中执行定期采样策略来构建不同的子网，避免在任何中的交织连接出现。在所提出的搜索空间中，IF-NAS优于随机采样和先前的重量共享搜索算法，通过显着的余量。 IF-NAS还推广到微单元的空间，这些空间更容易。我们的研究强调了宏观结构的重要性，我们期待沿着这个方向进一步努力。

在动态网络修剪中广泛探索了门控模块，以降低深神经网络的运行时间计算成本，同时保留特征的表示。尽管取得了实质性，但现有方法仍然忽略了特征和门分布之间的一致性，这可能导致所门控功能的失真。在本文中，我们提出了一种特征栅极耦合（FGC）方法，其旨在对准特征和栅极的分布。 FGC是一个即插即用模块，它包括以迭代自我监督方式进行的两个步骤组成。在第一步中，FGC利用了特征空间中的$ k $ -nearest邻居方法来探索实例邻域关系，该关系被视为自我监控信号。在第二步中，FGC利用对比学习以产生具有生成的自我监控信号的选通模块，导致特征和栅极空间内的实例邻域关系的对齐。实验结果验证了所提出的FGC方法改善了基线方法，具有显着的边缘，优于最先进的最先进的准确性计算权衡。代码是公开的。

在本文中，我们提出了一种自我监督的视觉表示学习方法，涉及生成和鉴别性代理，我们通过要求目标网络基于中级特征来恢复原始图像来专注于前者部分。与事先工作不同，主要侧重于原始和生成的图像之间的像素级相似性，我们提倡语义感知生成（Sage）以促进更丰富的语义，而不是在所生成的图像中保留的细节。实现SAGE的核心概念是使用评估者，一个在没有标签的情况下预先培训的深网络，用于提取语义感知功能。 Sage与特定于观点的功能补充了目标网络，从而减轻了密集数据增强所带来的语义劣化。我们在ImageNet-1K上执行Sage，并在包括最近的邻居测试，线性分类和细小图像识别的五个下游任务中评估预训练模型，展示了其学习更强大的视觉表示的能力。

Person re-identification (re-ID) models trained on one domain often fail to generalize well to another. In our attempt, we present a "learning via translation" framework. In the baseline, we translate the labeled images from source to target domain in an unsupervised manner. We then train re-ID models with the translated images by supervised methods. Yet, being an essential part of this framework, unsupervised image-image translation suffers from the information loss of source-domain labels during translation.Our motivation is two-fold. First, for each image, the discriminative cues contained in its ID label should be maintained after translation. Second, given the fact that two domains have entirely different persons, a translated image should be dissimilar to any of the target IDs. To this end, we propose to preserve two types of unsupervised similarities, 1) self-similarity of an image before and after translation, and 2) domain-dissimilarity of a translated source image and a target image. Both constraints are implemented in the similarity preserving generative adversarial network (SPGAN) which consists of an Siamese network and a Cy-cleGAN. Through domain adaptation experiment, we show that images generated by SPGAN are more suitable for domain adaptation and yield consistent and competitive re-ID accuracy on two large-scale datasets.

Embedding words in vector space is a fundamental first step in state-of-the-art natural language processing (NLP). Typical NLP solutions employ pre-defined vector representations to improve generalization by co-locating similar words in vector space. For instance, Word2Vec is a self-supervised predictive model that captures the context of words using a neural network. Similarly, GLoVe is a popular unsupervised model incorporating corpus-wide word co-occurrence statistics. Such word embedding has significantly boosted important NLP tasks, including sentiment analysis, document classification, and machine translation. However, the embeddings are dense floating-point vectors, making them expensive to compute and difficult to interpret. In this paper, we instead propose to represent the semantics of words with a few defining words that are related using propositional logic. To produce such logical embeddings, we introduce a Tsetlin Machine-based autoencoder that learns logical clauses self-supervised. The clauses consist of contextual words like "black," "cup," and "hot" to define other words like "coffee," thus being human-understandable. We evaluate our embedding approach on several intrinsic and extrinsic benchmarks, outperforming GLoVe on six classification tasks. Furthermore, we investigate the interpretability of our embedding using the logical representations acquired during training. We also visualize word clusters in vector space, demonstrating how our logical embedding co-locate similar words.

Model bias triggered by long-tailed data has been widely studied. However, measure based on the number of samples cannot explicate three phenomena simultaneously: (1) Given enough data, the classification performance gain is marginal with additional samples. (2) Classification performance decays precipitously as the number of training samples decreases when there is insufficient data. (3) Model trained on sample-balanced datasets still has different biases for different classes. In this work, we define and quantify the semantic scale of classes, which is used to measure the feature diversity of classes. It is exciting to find experimentally that there is a marginal effect of semantic scale, which perfectly describes the first two phenomena. Further, the quantitative measurement of semantic scale imbalance is proposed, which can accurately reflect model bias on multiple datasets, even on sample-balanced data, revealing a novel perspective for the study of class imbalance. Due to the prevalence of semantic scale imbalance, we propose semantic-scale-balanced learning, including a general loss improvement scheme and a dynamic re-weighting training framework that overcomes the challenge of calculating semantic scales in real-time during iterations. Comprehensive experiments show that dynamic semantic-scale-balanced learning consistently enables the model to perform superiorly on large-scale long-tailed and non-long-tailed natural and medical datasets, which is a good starting point for mitigating the prevalent but unnoticed model bias.

Tsetlin Machine (TM) has been gaining popularity as an inherently interpretable machine leaning method that is able to achieve promising performance with low computational complexity on a variety of applications. The interpretability and the low computational complexity of the TM are inherited from the Boolean expressions for representing various sub-patterns. Although possessing favorable properties, TM has not been the go-to method for AI applications, mainly due to its conceptual and theoretical differences compared with perceptrons and neural networks, which are more widely known and well understood. In this paper, we provide detailed insights for the operational concept of the TM, and try to bridge the gap in the theoretical understanding between the perceptron and the TM. More specifically, we study the operational concept of the TM following the analytical structure of perceptrons, showing the resemblance between the perceptrons and the TM. Through the analysis, we indicated that the TM's weight update can be considered as a special case of the gradient weight update. We also perform an empirical analysis of TM by showing the flexibility in determining the clause length, visualization of decision boundaries and obtaining interpretable boolean expressions from TM. In addition, we also discuss the advantages of TM in terms of its structure and its ability to solve more complex problems.

The stock market prediction has been a traditional yet complex problem researched within diverse research areas and application domains due to its non-linear, highly volatile and complex nature. Existing surveys on stock market prediction often focus on traditional machine learning methods instead of deep learning methods. Deep learning has dominated many domains, gained much success and popularity in recent years in stock market prediction. This motivates us to provide a structured and comprehensive overview of the research on stock market prediction focusing on deep learning techniques. We present four elaborated subtasks of stock market prediction and propose a novel taxonomy to summarize the state-of-the-art models based on deep neural networks from 2011 to 2022. In addition, we also provide detailed statistics on the datasets and evaluation metrics commonly used in the stock market. Finally, we highlight some open issues and point out several future directions by sharing some new perspectives on stock market prediction.