库存在矿业价值链中是必不可少的，协助最大化的价值和生产。库存矿物质的质量控制是储存经理的主要问题，未能满足一些要求可能导致亏损。最近使用单个回收器和基本假设来调查此问题。本研究扩展了考虑多次回收人员准备短期和长期交付的方法。多次恢复者的参与使得在他们在准备交付时的交互方面使问题变得复杂化和安全距离的再生家。我们还考虑更现实的设置，例如用不同类型的回收器处理不同的矿物质。我们提出了构建解决方案的方法，以逐步符合牲畜轿车中所有收集者的优先约束。我们使用贪婪算法，蚁群优化（ACO）来研究各种问题的实例，并提出了一种确定有效计划的集成本地搜索方法。我们微调并比较算法，并表明ACO与本地搜索相结合，可以产生高效的解决方案。

\ textit {约束路径发现}的经典问题是一个经过充分研究但充满挑战的主题，在各个领域，例如沟通和运输等各个领域的应用。权重限制了最短路径问题（WCSPP），作为仅具有一个侧面约束的约束路径查找的基本形式，旨在计划成本最佳路径，其权重/资源使用受到限制。鉴于问题的双标准性质（即处理路径的成本和权重），解决WCSPP的方法具有一些带有双目标搜索的共同属性。本文在约束路径查找和双目标搜索中利用了最新的基于A*的最新技术，并为WCSPP提供了两种精确的解决方案方法，两者都可以在非常大的图表上解决硬性问题实例。我们从经验上评估了算法在新的大型和现实的问题实例上的性能，并在时空指标中显示出它们比最新算法的优势。本文还调查了优先级队列在被a*的约束搜索中的重要性。我们通过对逼真的和随机图进行了广泛的实验来展示，基于桶的队列没有打破打盘的方式可以有效地改善详尽的双标准搜索的算法性能。

In manufacturing, the production is often done on out-of-the-shelf manufacturing lines, whose underlying scheduling heuristics are not known due to the intellectual property. We consider such a setting with a black-box job-shop system and an unknown scheduling heuristic that, for a given permutation of jobs, schedules the jobs for the black-box job-shop with the goal of minimizing the makespan. Here, the jobs need to enter the job-shop in the given order of the permutation, but may take different paths within the job shop, which depends on the black-box heuristic. The performance of the black-box heuristic depends on the order of the jobs, and the natural problem for the manufacturer is to find an optimum ordering of the jobs. Facing a real-world scenario as described above, we engineer the Monte-Carlo tree-search for finding a close-to-optimum ordering of jobs. To cope with a large solutions-space in planning scenarios, a hierarchical Monte-Carlo tree search (H-MCTS) is proposed based on abstraction of jobs. On synthetic and real-life problems, H-MCTS with integrated abstraction significantly outperforms pure heuristic-based techniques as well as other Monte-Carlo search variants. We furthermore show that, by modifying the evaluation metric in H-MCTS, it is possible to achieve other optimization objectives than what the scheduling heuristics are designed for -- e.g., minimizing the total completion time instead of the makespan. Our experimental observations have been also validated in real-life cases, and our H-MCTS approach has been implemented in a production plant's controller.

Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is a recently proposed search method that combines the precision of tree search with the generality of random sampling. It has received considerable interest due to its spectacular success in the difficult problem of computer Go, but has also proved beneficial in a range of other domains. This paper is a survey of the literature to date, intended to provide a snapshot of the state of the art after the first five years of MCTS research. We outline the core algorithm's derivation, impart some structure on the many variations and enhancements that have been proposed, and summarise the results from the key game and non-game domains to which MCTS methods have been applied. A number of open research questions indicate that the field is ripe for future work.

算法配置（AC）与对参数化算法最合适的参数配置的自动搜索有关。目前，文献中提出了各种各样的交流问题变体和方法。现有评论没有考虑到AC问题的所有衍生物，也没有提供完整的分类计划。为此，我们引入分类法以分别描述配置方法的交流问题和特征。我们回顾了分类法的镜头中现有的AC文献，概述相关的配置方法的设计选择，对比方法和问题变体相互对立，并描述行业中的AC状态。最后，我们的评论为研究人员和从业人员提供了AC领域的未来研究方向。

在过去的几十年中，经典的车辆路由问题（VRP），即为车辆分配一组订单并规划他们的路线已经被密集研究。仅作为车辆的订单分配和他们的路线已经是一个NP完整的问题，因此在实践中的应用通常无法考虑在现实世界应用中应用的约束和限制，所谓的富VRP所谓的富VRP（RVRP）并且仅限于单一方面。在这项工作中，我们融入了主要的相关真实限制和要求。我们提出了一种两级策略和时间线窗口和暂停时间的时间线算法，并将遗传算法（GA）和蚁群优化（ACO）单独应用于问题以找到最佳解决方案。我们对四种不同问题实例的评估，针对四个最先进的算法表明，我们的方法在合理的时间内处理所有给定的约束。

近年来，在平衡（超级）图分配算法的设计和评估中取得了重大进展。我们调查了过去十年的实用算法的趋势，用于平衡（超级）图形分区以及未来的研究方向。我们的工作是对先前有关该主题的调查的更新。特别是，该调查还通过涵盖了超图形分区和流算法来扩展先前的调查，并额外关注并行算法。

We deal with a challenging scheduling problem on parallel machines with sequence-dependent setup times and release dates from a real-world application of semiconductor work-shop production. There, jobs can only be processed by dedicated machines, thus few machines can determine the makespan almost regardless of how jobs are scheduled on the remaining ones. This causes problems when machines fail and jobs need to be rescheduled. Instead of optimising only the makespan, we put the individual machine spans in non-ascending order and lexicographically minimise the resulting tuples. This achieves that all machines complete as early as possible and increases the robustness of the schedule. We study the application of Answer-Set Programming (ASP) to solve this problem. While ASP eases modelling, the combination of timing constraints and the considered objective function challenges current solving technology. The former issue is addressed by using an extension of ASP by difference logic. For the latter, we devise different algorithms that use multi-shot solving. To tackle industrial-sized instances, we study different approximations and heuristics. Our experimental results show that ASP is indeed a promising KRR paradigm for this problem and is competitive with state-of-the-art CP and MIP solvers. Under consideration in Theory and Practice of Logic Programming (TPLP).

随着优化软件的显着改进，几十年前似乎棘手的大规模问题的解决方案现在已成为日常任务。这将更多的现实应用程序纳入了优化器的范围。同时，解决优化问题通常是将解决方案付诸实践时较小的困难之一。一个主要的障碍是，可以将优化软件视为黑匣子，它可能会产生高质量的解决方案，但是当情况发生变化时，可以创建完全不同的解决方案，从而导致对优化解决方案的接受率低。这种可解释性和解释性的问题在其他领域（例如机器学习）引起了极大的关注，但在优化方面却不那么关注。在本文中，我们提出了一个优化框架，以得出本质上具有易于理解的解释性规则的解决方案，在哪些情况下应选择解决方案。我们专注于代表解释性规则的决策树，我们提出了整数编程公式以及一种启发式方法，以确保我们的方法即使在大规模问题上也适用。使用随机和现实世界数据的计算实验表明，固有的可解释性成本可能很小。

Algorithms that involve both forecasting and optimization are at the core of solutions to many difficult real-world problems, such as in supply chains (inventory optimization), traffic, and in the transition towards carbon-free energy generation in battery/load/production scheduling in sustainable energy systems. Typically, in these scenarios we want to solve an optimization problem that depends on unknown future values, which therefore need to be forecast. As both forecasting and optimization are difficult problems in their own right, relatively few research has been done in this area. This paper presents the findings of the ``IEEE-CIS Technical Challenge on Predict+Optimize for Renewable Energy Scheduling," held in 2021. We present a comparison and evaluation of the seven highest-ranked solutions in the competition, to provide researchers with a benchmark problem and to establish the state of the art for this benchmark, with the aim to foster and facilitate research in this area. The competition used data from the Monash Microgrid, as well as weather data and energy market data. It then focused on two main challenges: forecasting renewable energy production and demand, and obtaining an optimal schedule for the activities (lectures) and on-site batteries that lead to the lowest cost of energy. The most accurate forecasts were obtained by gradient-boosted tree and random forest models, and optimization was mostly performed using mixed integer linear and quadratic programming. The winning method predicted different scenarios and optimized over all scenarios jointly using a sample average approximation method.

员工分册是将可用员工分配开放班的过程。自动化它对几乎所有行业具有无处不在的实用益处，例如减少手动工作量并产生灵活，高质量的时间表。在这项工作中，我们开发了一种混合方法，将混合整数线性编程（MILP）与散点图，一种进化算法相结合，具有用作SWISSGrid的员工订购的优化，在那里是一个很大程度上是一个很大程度上的手动过程。混合方法担保遵守劳动法，最大限度地提高员工的偏好满意度，并尽可能均匀地分配工作量。最重要的是，它被证明是一种坚固且有效的算法，一致地解决了与使用最先进的商业求解器的MILP独立方法更加稳定地达到近乎最优的复杂性的逼真问题。提出了几种实际扩展和用例，该案例被纳入当前正在进行SwissGrid中的试点的软件工具中。

物流运营商最近提出了一项技术，可以帮助降低城市货运分销中的交通拥堵和运营成本，最近提出了移动包裹储物柜（MPLS）。鉴于他们能够在整个部署领域搬迁，因此他们具有提高客户可访问性和便利性的潜力。在这项研究中，我们制定了移动包裹储物柜问题（MPLP），这是位置路由问题（LRP）的特殊情况，该案例确定了整天MPL的最佳中途停留位置以及计划相应的交付路线。开发了基于混合Q学习网络的方法（HQM），以解决所得大问题实例的计算复杂性，同时逃脱了本地Optima。此外，HQM与全球和局部搜索机制集成在一起，以解决经典强化学习（RL）方法所面临的探索和剥削困境。我们检查了HQM在不同问题大小（最多200个节点）下的性能，并根据遗传算法（GA）进行了基准测试。我们的结果表明，HQM获得的平均奖励比GA高1.96倍，这表明HQM具有更好的优化能力。最后，我们确定有助于车队规模要求，旅行距离和服务延迟的关键因素。我们的发现概述了MPL的效率主要取决于时间窗口的长度和MPL中断的部署。

我们介绍了多模式的汽车和乘车共享问题（MMCRP），其中使用一台汽车来涵盖一组乘车请求，同时将发现的请求分配给其他运输方式（MOT）。汽车的路线由一次或多个旅行组成。每次旅行都必须具有特定但不明的驱动程序，以仓库开始，然后以（可能不同的）仓库结束。即使两个骑行没有相同的起源和/或目的地，也允许在用户之间共享骑行。用户始终可以根据各个首选项列表使用其他运输方式。该问题可以作为车辆调度问题提出。为了解决该问题，构建了一个辅助图，在该图中，每次旅行在仓库中的启动和结尾，并覆盖可能的乘车共享，以时空图中的形式建模为弧。我们提出了一种基于列生成的两层分解算法，其中主问题可确保最多只能涵盖每个请求，并且定价问题通过在时间 - 时间中解决一种最短路径问题来生成新的有希望的路线空间网络。报告了基于现实实例的计算实验。基准实例基于奥地利维也纳的人口，空间和经济数据。我们通过在合理时间内基于列生成的方法来解决大型实例，并进一步研究了各种精确和启发式定价方案。

由于货运车数量的增加，在城市地区采用了电动汽车（EV），以减少环境污染和全球变暖。但是，路由最后一英里物流的轨迹仍在继续影响社会和经济可持续性时仍然存在缺陷。因此，在本文中，提出了一种称为超高神性自适应模拟退火的超增压性（HH）方法，并提出了增强学习（HHASA $ _ {RL} $）。它由多军匪徒方法和自适应模拟退火（SA）元启示术算法组成，用于解决该问题称为电容的电动汽车路由问题（CEVRP）。由于充电站数量有限和电动汽车的旅行范围，因此电动汽车必须提前为电池充电时刻，并减少旅行时间和成本。 HH实施的HH改善了多个最低最低知名解决方案，并为IEEE WCCI2020竞赛的拟议基准测试获得了一些高维实例的最佳平均值。

Decision-making problems are commonly formulated as optimization problems, which are then solved to make optimal decisions. In this work, we consider the inverse problem where we use prior decision data to uncover the underlying decision-making process in the form of a mathematical optimization model. This statistical learning problem is referred to as data-driven inverse optimization. We focus on problems where the underlying decision-making process is modeled as a convex optimization problem whose parameters are unknown. We formulate the inverse optimization problem as a bilevel program and propose an efficient block coordinate descent-based algorithm to solve large problem instances. Numerical experiments on synthetic datasets demonstrate the computational advantage of our method compared to standard commercial solvers. Moreover, the real-world utility of the proposed approach is highlighted through two realistic case studies in which we consider estimating risk preferences and learning local constraint parameters of agents in a multiplayer Nash bargaining game.

In this paper we deal with a complex real world scheduling problem closely related to the well-known Resource-Constrained Project Scheduling Problem (RCPSP). The problem concerns industrial test laboratories in which a large number of tests has to be performed by qualified personnel using specialised equipment, while respecting deadlines and other constraints. We present different constraint programming models and search strategies for this problem. Furthermore, we propose a Very Large Neighborhood Search approach based on our CP methods. Our models are evaluated using CP solvers and a MIP solver both on real-world test laboratory data and on a set of generated instances of different sizes based on the real-world data. Further, we compare the exact approaches with VLNS and a Simulated Annealing heuristic. We could find feasible solutions for all instances and several optimal solutions and we show that using VLNS we can improve upon the results of the other approaches.

公司的一个普遍问题是，产品订单的量有时可能超过生产能力。我们正式介绍了两个新的问题，该问题处理了一个问题，该问题要丢弃或推迟以实现某些（及时性）目标，并尝试通过基于模型的诊断来接触它们。在彻底的分析中，我们确定了诊断问题引入的问题的许多相似之处，但也揭示了关键的特质和概述处理或利用它们的方法。最后，对工业规模的问题实例的概念验证评估来自众所周知的调度基准套件，这表明，基于开箱即用的模型诊断工具可以很好地攻击两个形式化问题之一。

组合优化的神经方法（CO）配备了一种学习机制，以发现解决复杂现实世界问题的强大启发式方法。尽管出现了能够在单一镜头中使用高质量解决方案的神经方法，但最先进的方法通常无法充分利用他们可用的解决时间。相比之下，手工制作的启发式方法可以很好地执行高效的搜索并利用给他们的计算时间，但包含启发式方法，这些启发式方法很难适应要解决的数据集。为了为神经CO方法提供强大的搜索程序，我们提出了模拟引导的光束搜索（SGB），该搜索（SGB）在固定宽度的树搜索中检查了候选解决方案，既是神经网络学习的政策又是模拟（推出）确定有希望的。我们将SGB与有效的主动搜索（EAS）进一步融合，其中SGB提高了EAS中反向传播的解决方案的质量，EAS提高了SGB中使用的策略的质量。我们评估了有关众所周知的CO基准的方法，并表明SGB可显着提高在合理的运行时假设下发现的解决方案的质量。

组合优化是运营研究和计算机科学领域的一个公认领域。直到最近，它的方法一直集中在孤立地解决问题实例，而忽略了它们通常源于实践中的相关数据分布。但是，近年来，人们对使用机器学习，尤其是图形神经网络（GNN）的兴趣激增，作为组合任务的关键构件，直接作为求解器或通过增强确切的求解器。GNN的电感偏差有效地编码了组合和关系输入，因为它们对排列和对输入稀疏性的意识的不变性。本文介绍了对这个新兴领域的最新主要进步的概念回顾，旨在优化和机器学习研究人员。

In today's uncertain and competitive market, where enterprises are subjected to increasingly shortened product life-cycles and frequent volume changes, reconfigurable manufacturing systems (RMS) applications play a significant role in the manufacturing industry's success. Despite the advantages offered by RMS, achieving a high-efficiency degree constitutes a challenging task for stakeholders and decision-makers when they face the trade-off decisions inherent in these complex systems. This study addresses work tasks and resource allocations to workstations together with buffer capacity allocation in RMS. The aim is to simultaneously maximize throughput and minimize total buffer capacity under fluctuating production volumes and capacity changes while considering the stochastic behavior of the system. An enhanced simulation-based multi-objective optimization (SMO) approach with customized simulation and optimization components is proposed to address the abovementioned challenges. Apart from presenting the optimal solutions subject to volume and capacity changes, the proposed approach support decision-makers with discovered knowledge to further understand the RMS design. In particular, this study presents a problem-specific customized SMO combined with a novel flexible pattern mining method for optimizing RMS and conducting post-optimal analyzes. To this extent, this study demonstrates the benefits of applying SMO and knowledge discovery methods for fast decision-support and production planning of RMS.