自上而下的实例分割框架与自下而上的框架相比，它在对象检测方面表现出了优越性。虽然它有效地解决了过度细分，但自上而下的实例分割却遭受了过度处理问题。然而，完整的分割掩模对于生物图像分析至关重要，因为它具有重要的形态特性，例如形状和体积。在本文中，我们提出了一个区域建议纠正（RPR）模块，以解决这个具有挑战性的分割问题。特别是，我们提供了一个渐进式皇家模块，以逐渐将邻居信息引入一系列ROI。 ROI功能被馈入专门的进料网络（FFN）以进行提案框回归。有了其他邻居信息，提出的RPR模块显示了区域建议位置的校正显着改善，因此与最先进的基线方法相比，在三个生物图像数据集上表现出有利的实例分割性能。实验结果表明，所提出的RPR模块在基于锚固的和无锚的自上而下实例分割方法中有效，这表明该方法可以应用于生物学图像的一般自上而下实例分割。代码可用。

Letting a deep network be aware of the quality of its own predictions is an interesting yet important problem. In the task of instance segmentation, the confidence of instance classification is used as mask quality score in most instance segmentation frameworks. However, the mask quality, quantified as the IoU between the instance mask and its ground truth, is usually not well correlated with classification score. In this paper, we study this problem and propose Mask Scoring R-CNN which contains a network block to learn the quality of the predicted instance masks. The proposed network block takes the instance feature and the corresponding predicted mask together to regress the mask IoU. The mask scoring strategy calibrates the misalignment between mask quality and mask score, and improves instance segmentation performance by prioritizing more accurate mask predictions during COCO AP evaluation. By extensive evaluations on the COCO dataset, Mask Scoring R-CNN brings consistent and noticeable gain with different models, and outperforms the state-of-the-art Mask R-CNN. We hope our simple and effective approach will provide a new direction for improving instance segmentation. The source code of our method is available at https:// github.com/zjhuang22/maskscoring_rcnn. * The work was done when Zhaojin Huang was an intern in Horizon Robotics Inc.

在重建掩码的实例分段网络的设计中，分段通常是其文字定义 - 分配每个像素标签。这导致了将问题视为匹配一个问题，其中一个目标是最小化重建和地面真相像素之间的损耗。重新思考重建网络作为发电机，我们定义了预测掩模作为GAN游戏框架的问题：分割网络生成掩码，鉴别器网络决定掩码的质量。为了演示这个游戏，我们对掩模R-CNN的普通分段框架显示了有效修改。我们发现，在特征空间中播放游戏比导致鉴别器和发电机之间的稳定训练的像素空间更有效，应该通过预测对象的上下文区域来替换预测对象坐标，并且整体对抗性损失有助于性能和消除每个不同数据域的任何自定义设置都需要。我们在各个域中测试我们的框架并报告手机回收，自动驾驶，大规模对象检测和医用腺体。我们观察到一般的GANS产生掩模，该掩模占克里克里德界，杂乱，小物体和细节，处于规则形状或异质和聚结形状的领域。我们的再现结果的代码可公开提供。

大多数最先进的实例级人类解析模型都采用了两阶段的基于锚的探测器，因此无法避免启发式锚盒设计和像素级别缺乏分析。为了解决这两个问题，我们设计了一个实例级人类解析网络，该网络在像素级别上无锚固且可解决。它由两个简单的子网络组成：一个用于边界框预测的无锚检测头和一个用于人体分割的边缘引导解析头。无锚探测器的头继承了像素样的优点，并有效地避免了对象检测应用中证明的超参数的敏感性。通过引入部分感知的边界线索，边缘引导的解析头能够将相邻的人类部分与彼此区分开，最多可在一个人类实例中，甚至重叠的实例。同时，利用了精炼的头部整合盒子级别的分数和部分分析质量，以提高解析结果的质量。在两个多个人类解析数据集（即CIHP和LV-MHP-V2.0）和一个视频实例级人类解析数据集（即VIP）上进行实验，表明我们的方法实现了超过全球级别和实例级别的性能最新的一阶段自上而下的替代方案。

分割高度重叠的图像对象是具有挑战性的，因为图像上的真实对象轮廓和遮挡边界之间通常没有区别。与先前的实例分割方法不同，我们将图像形成模拟为两个重叠层的组成，并提出了双层卷积网络（BCNET），其中顶层检测到遮挡对象（遮挡器），而底层则渗透到部分闭塞实例（胶囊）。遮挡关系与双层结构的显式建模自然地将遮挡和遮挡实例的边界解散，并在掩模回归过程中考虑了它们之间的相互作用。我们使用两种流行的卷积网络设计（即完全卷积网络（FCN）和图形卷积网络（GCN））研究了双层结构的功效。此外，我们通过将图像中的实例表示为单独的可学习封闭器和封闭者查询，从而使用视觉变压器（VIT）制定双层解耦。使用一个/两个阶段和基于查询的对象探测器具有各种骨架和网络层选择验证双层解耦合的概括能力，如图像实例分段基准（可可，亲戚，可可）和视频所示实例分割基准（YTVIS，OVIS，BDD100K MOTS），特别是对于重闭塞病例。代码和数据可在https://github.com/lkeab/bcnet上找到。

Modern object detectors rely heavily on rectangular bounding boxes, such as anchors, proposals and the final predictions, to represent objects at various recognition stages. The bounding box is convenient to use but provides only a coarse localization of objects and leads to a correspondingly coarse extraction of object features. In this paper, we present RepPoints (representative points), a new finer representation of objects as a set of sample points useful for both localization and recognition. Given ground truth localization and recognition targets for training, RepPoints learn to automatically arrange themselves in a manner that bounds the spatial extent of an object and indicates semantically significant local areas. They furthermore do not require the use of anchors to sample a space of bounding boxes. We show that an anchor-free object detector based on RepPoints can be as effective as the state-of-the-art anchor-based detection methods, with 46.5 AP and 67.4 AP 50 on the COCO test-dev detection benchmark, using ResNet-101 model. Code is available at https://github.com/microsoft/RepPoints.

DETR方法中引入的查询机制正在改变对象检测的范例，最近有许多基于查询的方法获得了强对象检测性能。但是，当前基于查询的检测管道遇到了以下两个问题。首先，需要多阶段解码器来优化随机初始化的对象查询，从而产生较大的计算负担。其次，训练后的查询是固定的，导致不满意的概括能力。为了纠正上述问题，我们在较快的R-CNN框架中提出了通过查询生成网络预测的特征对象查询，并开发了一个功能性的查询R-CNN。可可数据集的广泛实验表明，我们的特征查询R-CNN获得了所有R-CNN探测器的最佳速度准确性权衡，包括最近的最新稀疏R-CNN检测器。该代码可在\ url {https://github.com/hustvl/featurized-queryrcnn}中获得。

两阶段和基于查询的实例分段方法取得了显着的结果。然而，他们的分段面具仍然非常粗糙。在本文中，我们呈现了用于高质量高效的实例分割的掩模转发器。我们的掩模转发器代替常规密集的张量，而不是在常规密集的张量上进行分解，并表示作为Quadtree的图像区域。我们基于变换器的方法仅处理检测到的错误易于树节点，并并行自我纠正其错误。虽然这些稀疏的像素仅构成总数的小比例，但它们对最终掩模质量至关重要。这允许掩模转换器以低计算成本预测高精度的实例掩模。广泛的实验表明，掩模转发器在三个流行的基准上优于当前实例分段方法，显着改善了COCO和BDD100K上的大型+3.0掩模AP的+3.0掩模AP的大余量和CityScapes上的+6.6边界AP。我们的代码和培训的型号将在http://vis.xyz/pub/transfiner提供。

We present a conceptually simple, flexible, and general framework for object instance segmentation. Our approach efficiently detects objects in an image while simultaneously generating a high-quality segmentation mask for each instance. The method, called Mask R-CNN, extends Faster R-CNN by adding a branch for predicting an object mask in parallel with the existing branch for bounding box recognition. Mask R-CNN is simple to train and adds only a small overhead to Faster R-CNN, running at 5 fps. Moreover, Mask R-CNN is easy to generalize to other tasks, e.g., allowing us to estimate human poses in the same framework. We show top results in all three tracks of the COCO suite of challenges, including instance segmentation, bounding-box object detection, and person keypoint detection. Without tricks, Mask R-CNN outperforms all existing, single-model entries on every task, including the COCO 2016 challenge winners. We hope our simple and effective approach will serve as a solid baseline and help ease future research in instance-level recognition. Code will be made available.

在本文中，我们提出了简单的关注机制，我们称之为箱子。它可以实现网格特征之间的空间交互，从感兴趣的框中采样，并提高变压器的学习能力，以获得几个视觉任务。具体而言，我们呈现拳击手，短暂的框变压器，通过从输入特征映射上的参考窗口预测其转换来参加一组框。通过考虑其网格结构，拳击手通过考虑其网格结构来计算这些框的注意力。值得注意的是，Boxer-2D自然有关于其注意模块内容信息的框信息的原因，使其适用于端到端实例检测和分段任务。通过在盒注意模块中旋转的旋转的不变性，Boxer-3D能够从用于3D端到端对象检测的鸟瞰图平面产生识别信息。我们的实验表明，拟议的拳击手-2D在Coco检测中实现了更好的结果，并且在Coco实例分割上具有良好的和高度优化的掩模R-CNN可比性。 Boxer-3D已经为Waymo开放的车辆类别提供了令人信服的性能，而无需任何特定的类优化。代码将被释放。

Cascade is a classic yet powerful architecture that has boosted performance on various tasks. However, how to introduce cascade to instance segmentation remains an open question. A simple combination of Cascade R-CNN and Mask R-CNN only brings limited gain. In exploring a more effective approach, we find that the key to a successful instance segmentation cascade is to fully leverage the reciprocal relationship between detection and segmentation. In this work, we propose a new framework, Hybrid Task Cascade (HTC), which differs in two important aspects: (1) instead of performing cascaded refinement on these two tasks separately, it interweaves them for a joint multi-stage processing; (2) it adopts a fully convolutional branch to provide spatial context, which can help distinguishing hard foreground from cluttered background. Overall, this framework can learn more discriminative features progressively while integrating complementary features together in each stage. Without bells and whistles, a single HTC obtains 38.4% and 1.5% improvement over a strong Cascade Mask R-CNN baseline on MSCOCO dataset. Moreover, our overall system achieves 48.6 mask AP on the test-challenge split, ranking 1st in the COCO 2018 Challenge Object Detection Task. Code is available at: https://github.com/ open-mmlab/mmdetection.

Feature pyramids are a basic component in recognition systems for detecting objects at different scales. But recent deep learning object detectors have avoided pyramid representations, in part because they are compute and memory intensive. In this paper, we exploit the inherent multi-scale, pyramidal hierarchy of deep convolutional networks to construct feature pyramids with marginal extra cost. A topdown architecture with lateral connections is developed for building high-level semantic feature maps at all scales. This architecture, called a Feature Pyramid Network (FPN), shows significant improvement as a generic feature extractor in several applications. Using FPN in a basic Faster R-CNN system, our method achieves state-of-the-art singlemodel results on the COCO detection benchmark without bells and whistles, surpassing all existing single-model entries including those from the COCO 2016 challenge winners. In addition, our method can run at 6 FPS on a GPU and thus is a practical and accurate solution to multi-scale object detection. Code will be made publicly available.

现有的实例分割方法已经达到了令人印象深刻的表现，但仍遭受了共同的困境：一个实例推断出冗余表示（例如，多个框，网格和锚点），这导致了多个重复的预测。因此，主流方法通常依赖于手工设计的非最大抑制（NMS）后处理步骤来选择最佳预测结果，这会阻碍端到端训练。为了解决此问题，我们建议一个称为Uniinst的无盒和无端机实例分割框架，该框架仅对每个实例产生一个唯一的表示。具体而言，我们设计了一种实例意识到的一对一分配方案，即仅产生一个表示（Oyor），该方案根据预测和地面真相之间的匹配质量，动态地为每个实例动态分配一个独特的表示。然后，一种新颖的预测重新排列策略被优雅地集成到框架中，以解决分类评分和掩盖质量之间的错位，从而使学习的表示形式更具歧视性。借助这些技术，我们的Uniinst，第一个基于FCN的盒子和无NMS实例分段框架，实现竞争性能，例如，使用Resnet-50-FPN和40.2 mask AP使用Resnet-101-FPN，使用Resnet-50-FPN和40.2 mask AP，使用Resnet-101-FPN，对抗AP可可测试-DEV的主流方法。此外，提出的实例感知方法对于遮挡场景是可靠的，在重锁定的ochuman基准上，通过杰出的掩码AP优于公共基线。我们的代码将在出版后提供。

本文介绍了端到端的实例分段框架，称为SOIT，该段具有实例感知变压器的段对象。灵感来自Detr〜\ Cite {carion2020end}，我们的方法视图实例分段为直接设置预测问题，有效地消除了对ROI裁剪，一对多标签分配等许多手工制作组件的需求，以及非最大抑制（ nms）。在SOIT中，通过在全局图像上下文下直接地将多个查询直接理解语义类别，边界框位置和像素 - WISE掩码的一组对象嵌入。类和边界盒可以通过固定长度的向量轻松嵌入。尤其是由一组参数嵌入像素方面的掩模以构建轻量级实例感知变压器。之后，实例感知变压器产生全分辨率掩码，而不涉及基于ROI的任何操作。总的来说，SOIT介绍了一个简单的单级实例分段框架，它是无乐和NMS的。 MS Coco DataSet上的实验结果表明，优于最先进的实例分割显着的优势。此外，在统一查询嵌入中的多个任务的联合学习还可以大大提高检测性能。代码可用于\ url {https://github.com/yuxiaodonghri/soit}。

3D object detection from LiDAR point cloud is a challenging problem in 3D scene understanding and has many practical applications. In this paper, we extend our preliminary work PointRCNN to a novel and strong point-cloud-based 3D object detection framework, the part-aware and aggregation neural network (Part-A 2 net). The whole framework consists of the part-aware stage and the part-aggregation stage. Firstly, the part-aware stage for the first time fully utilizes free-of-charge part supervisions derived from 3D ground-truth boxes to simultaneously predict high quality 3D proposals and accurate intra-object part locations. The predicted intra-object part locations within the same proposal are grouped by our new-designed RoI-aware point cloud pooling module, which results in an effective representation to encode the geometry-specific features of each 3D proposal. Then the part-aggregation stage learns to re-score the box and refine the box location by exploring the spatial relationship of the pooled intra-object part locations. Extensive experiments are conducted to demonstrate the performance improvements from each component of our proposed framework. Our Part-A 2 net outperforms all existing 3D detection methods and achieves new state-of-the-art on KITTI 3D object detection dataset by utilizing only the LiDAR point cloud data. Code is available at https://github.com/sshaoshuai/PointCloudDet3D.

Modern CNN-based object detectors rely on bounding box regression and non-maximum suppression to localize objects. While the probabilities for class labels naturally reflect classification confidence, localization confidence is absent. This makes properly localized bounding boxes degenerate during iterative regression or even suppressed during NMS. In the paper we propose IoU-Net learning to predict the IoU between each detected bounding box and the matched ground-truth. The network acquires this confidence of localization, which improves the NMS procedure by preserving accurately localized bounding boxes. Furthermore, an optimization-based bounding box refinement method is proposed, where the predicted IoU is formulated as the objective. Extensive experiments on the MS-COCO dataset show the effectiveness of IoU-Net, as well as its compatibility with and adaptivity to several state-of-the-art object detectors.

We present a new, embarrassingly simple approach to instance segmentation. Compared to many other dense prediction tasks, e.g., semantic segmentation, it is the arbitrary number of instances that have made instance segmentation much more challenging. In order to predict a mask for each instance, mainstream approaches either follow the "detect-then-segment" strategy (e.g., Mask R-CNN), or predict embedding vectors first then use clustering techniques to group pixels into individual instances. We view the task of instance segmentation from a completely new perspective by introducing the notion of "instance categories", which assigns categories to each pixel within an instance according to the instance's location and size, thus nicely converting instance segmentation into a single-shot classification-solvable problem. We demonstrate a much simpler and flexible instance segmentation framework with strong performance, achieving on par accuracy with Mask R-CNN and outperforming recent single-shot instance segmenters in accuracy. We hope that this simple and strong framework can serve as a baseline for many instance-level recognition tasks besides instance segmentation. Code is available at https://git.io/AdelaiDet

遥感图像中的实例分段的任务，旨在在实例级别执行对象的每像素标记，对于各种民用应用非常重要。尽管以前的成功，但大多数现有的实例分割方法设计用于自然图像时，可以在直接应用于顶视图遥感图像时遇到清晰的性能下降。通过仔细分析，我们观察到由于严重的规模变化，低对比度和聚类分布，挑战主要来自歧视性对象特征。为了解决这些问题，提出了一种新颖的上下文聚合网络（CATNET）来改善特征提取过程。所提出的模型利用了三个轻量级的即插即用模块，即密度特征金字塔网络（Densfpn），空间上下文金字塔（SCP）和兴趣提取器（Hroie）的分层区域，以聚合在功能，空间和的全局视觉上下文实例域分别。 DenseFPN是一种多尺度特征传播模块，通过采用级别的残差连接，交叉级密度连接和具有重新加权策略来建立更灵活的信息流。利用注意力机制，SCP进一步通过将全局空间上下文聚合到当地区域来增强特征。对于每个实例，Hroie自适应地为不同的下游任务生成ROI功能。我们对挑战ISAID，DIOR，NWPU VHR-10和HRSID数据集进行了广泛的评估。评估结果表明，所提出的方法优于具有类似的计算成本的最先进。代码可在https://github.com/yeliudev/catnet上获得。

我们介绍了一种名为RobustAbnet的新表检测和结构识别方法，以检测表的边界并从异质文档图像中重建每个表的细胞结构。为了进行表检测，我们建议将Cornernet用作新的区域建议网络来生成更高质量的表建议，以更快的R-CNN，这显着提高了更快的R-CNN的定位准确性以进行表检测。因此，我们的表检测方法仅使用轻巧的RESNET-18骨干网络，在三个公共表检测基准（即CTDAR TRACKA，PUBLAYNET和IIIT-AR-13K）上实现最新性能。此外，我们提出了一种新的基于分裂和合并的表结构识别方法，其中提出了一个新型的基于CNN的新空间CNN分离线预测模块将每个检测到的表分为单元格，并且基于网格CNN的CNN合并模块是应用用于恢复生成细胞。由于空间CNN模块可以有效地在整个表图像上传播上下文信息，因此我们的表结构识别器可以坚固地识别具有较大的空白空间和几何扭曲（甚至弯曲）表的表。得益于这两种技术，我们的表结构识别方法在包括SCITSR，PubTabnet和CTDAR TrackB2-Modern在内的三个公共基准上实现了最先进的性能。此外，我们进一步证明了我们方法在识别具有复杂结构，大空间以及几何扭曲甚至弯曲形状的表上的表格上的优势。

本文推动了在图像中分解伪装区域的信封，成了有意义的组件，即伪装的实例。为了促进伪装实例分割的新任务，我们将在数量和多样性方面引入DataSet被称为Camo ++，该数据集被称为Camo ++。新数据集基本上增加了具有分层像素 - 明智的地面真理的图像的数量。我们还为伪装实例分割任务提供了一个基准套件。特别是，我们在各种场景中对新构造的凸轮++数据集进行了广泛的评估。我们还提出了一种伪装融合学习（CFL）伪装实例分割框架，以进一步提高最先进的方法的性能。数据集，模型，评估套件和基准测试将在我们的项目页面上公开提供：https://sites.google.com/view/ltnghia/research/camo_plus_plus